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KROK 1 Dentistry 2007 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2007 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A patient complains of headache, heavy breathing. X-ray examination confirmed the diagnosis - frontitis. What nasal meatus may contain purulent discharge?
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A patient with an acute rhinitis has hyperemia and excessive mucus formation in nasal cavity. What epithelial cells of mucous membrane have the intensified activity?
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A month after surgical constriction of rabbit's renal artery the considerable increase of systematic arterial pressure was observed. What of the following regulation mechanisms caused the animal's pressure change?
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Cyanide poisoning causes immediate death. What is the mechanism of cyanide effect at the molecular level?
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After traumatic tooth extraction a patient complains of a severe dull pain without accurate localization in his gum, body temperature rise up to 37,5°C. He was diagnosed with alveolitis. What type of pain does the patient have?
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Examination of a child who has recently recovered from measles revealed in the soft tissues of cheeks and perineum some inaccurate, edematic, red-and-black, slightly fluctuating areas. What complication is it?
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A 58-year-old patient was being prepared to cholecystectomy operation. Drug complex of narcosis pemedicati-on included benzohexamethonium. What part does this medication play in the narcosis?
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A patient has an acute painfullness of face skin. What nerve is damaged?
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A 28-year-old patient was diagnosed with acute inflammation of mucous membrane of nasolacrimal duct. It is known from the anamnesis that he had been having nasal discharges for 10 days after recovering from influenza. From what part of nasal cavity could the infection penetrate into nasolacrimal duct?
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As a result of head trauma a 32-year-old man has damaged ampullas of semicircular ducts. What stimuli perception will be disturbed?
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Rate of excitement conduction was studied on different sites of an isolated heart. Where was the lowest rate registered?
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A patient has the folowing changes: disorder of twilight vision, drying out of conjunctiva and cornea. Such disorders may be caused by deficiency of vitamin:
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A 12-year-old boy came home from school and started complaining of headache, sickness, chill, periodical muscle pain, appetite loss, flabbiness. What period of illness are these symptoms typical for?
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Examination of a patient who had been suffering from rheumatism for a long time revealed stenosis of mitral orifice, death was caused by cardiac and pulmonary insufficiency. Autopsy has shown brown induration of lungs. What type of circulation disturbance provokes such changes in lungs?
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In an excitable cell the ion channells were blocked. It hasn't changed essentially the value of rest potential, but the cell lost its ability to generate AP (action potential). What channels were blocked?
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A 3-year-old child was admitted to the hospital with otitis. Pus is probable to spread from the tympanic cavity. Where can the pus get into?
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An eye trauma caused soft tissues infection of eye-socket. Through what anatomical formation can the infection penetrate into the middle cranial fossa?
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Morphological examination revealed in histological specimen of biopsy material an irregular-shaped vessel. Its middle membrane is formed by bundles of smooth myocytes and layers of connective tissue. What type of vessel is it?
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While passing an exam a student gets dry mouth. It is caused by realization of such reflexes:
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What vitamin deficiency leads to both disorder of reproductive function and di-strophy of skeletal muscles?
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Rabbits lived on food with addition of cholesterol. Five months later the atherosclerotic aorta changes were revealed. Name the main cause of atherogenesis in this case:
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On the 5th day of illness a 12-year-old child who was treated in the infectious department on account of influenza felt severe headache, sickness, dizziness, got meningeal signs. The child died 24 hours later from increasing brain edema. Dissection of cranial cavity revealed that pia maters of brain are edematic, plethoric, saturated diffusively with bright red liquid. Convolutions and sulci of brain are flattened. What influenza complication is in question?
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A 25-year-old patient had in the dentist's room a sudden attack of bronchial asthma. The doctor gave him salbutamol in the form of inhalation. What is the mechanism of action of this preparation?
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A patient had his tooth extracted. The lingual surface of this tooth was smaller than the buccal one. Masti-catoty surface has oval form. Deep transverse sulcus separates buccal and lingual tubercles. The root is strongly compressed in mesio-distal direction and has longitudinal sulci on its aproximal surfaces, it is bifurcated. What tooth was extracted?
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When a patient puts his tongue out the tip of it deflects to the left. Motor innervation of what cranial nerve is disturbed in this case?
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An electronic micrograph presents a cell that has no nucleole and nuclear membrane. Chromosomes has free position, centrioles migrate to the poles. What phase of cell cycle is it typical for?
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A patient has been taking glucocorticoids for a long time. Drug withdrowal caused acute attack of his disease, blood pressure reduction, weakness. What are these occurences connected with?
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A child has disturbed enamel and dentine formation as a result of decreased content of calcium ions in his blood. What hormone deficiency may cause such changes?
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A patient with primary nephrotic syndrome has the following content of whole protein: 40 g/l. What factor caused hypoproteinemia?
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Morphological examination of carious cavity floor differenciated distinctly three zones: the one of softened dentin, transparent dentin and replacing dentin. What stage of caries are these changes typical for?
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A 30-year-old patient who was taken to the hospital with diagnosis acute glomerulonephritis has proteinuria. What disorder caused this occurance?
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Examination of a 16-year-old boy revealed enlarged submandibular and cervical lymph nodes. The boy was subjected to biopsy. Microscopic examination of lymph nodes revealed: typical structure is obliterated, cell population is heterogenous, there are big cells with multilobe nuclei, multiple big mononuclear cells, eosinophilic and neutrophilic leukocytes, lymphocytes, besides that, there are necrotic areas and foci of sclerosis. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A mother consulted the doctor about her one-year-old child, who has got six teeth come out. How many teeth should the child of such age have?
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The symptoms of regeneration process (callus) on the place of fracture were revealed in the histologic specimen of tubular bone. What tissue forms this structure?
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A sportsman was examined after an intensive physical activity. The examination revealed disorder of movement coordination but the force of muscle contractions remained the same. It can be explained by retarded speed of excitement conduction through:
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A chiled was diagnosed with acute renal failure. What biochemic saliva indices can confirm this diagnosis?
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Laboratory rats that have been fed only with carbohydrate food for a long time display water accumulation in the tissues. What pathogenetic mechanism is the main cause of edema in this case?
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Mucous membrane of the right palatine tonsil has a painless ulcer with smooth lacquer fundus and accurate edges of cartlaginous consistency. Microscopically: inflammatory infiltrate that consists of lymphocytes, plasmocytes, a small number of neutrophils and epithelioid cells; endovasculistis and perivasculitis. What disease is in question?
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During the ether narcosis a patient had evident bradycardia with threat of cardiac arrest. What medication should be used to accelerate heartbeat under condition of narcosis that shouldn't be interrupted?
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A patient with streptococcal gingival infection was prescribed a medication that contains beta lactam ring in its structure. What preparation belongs to this group?
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