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KROK 1 Dentistry 2015 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2015 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A patient complains of pain in the thorax during breathing, dyspnea, restriction of coughing movements, hiccup. What respiratory muscles are affected?
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Mother had noticed her 5-year-old child's urine to become dark in colour. Bile pigments in urine were not detected. The diagnosis of alkaptonuria was made. What pigment is deficient?
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A 42-year-old female patient consulted a doctor about pain in the knee joints. Objectively there is swelling, redness, hyperthermia in the region of these joints. Laboratory testing revealed positive acute phase reactants. What drugs should be used to treat this patient?
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A 56-year-old female patient is regi-strated in a psychoneurologic dispensary due to her suffering from epilepsy, specifically, minor attacks (pti mal). What drug is most efficient in this case?
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In Western Europe nearly half of all congenital malformations occur in the children conceived in the period when pesticides were used extensively in the region. Those congenital conditions result from the following influence:
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Wilson's disease is a disorder of copper transport which leads to the accumulation of this metal in brain and liver cells. It is associated with a disturbance in the synthesis of the following protein:
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A preparation of intestine reveals complex branching tubuloalveolar glands with their ends in submucous layer. What organ is it?
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Calcification of dental tissues is significantly influenced by osteocalcin protein which has an ability to bind calcium ions due to the presence of the following modified amino acid residues in the polypeptide chain:
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Having lost significant amount of body weight, a 70-year-old patient complains of dull pain in the lumbar area. In the result of examination he was diagnosed with floating kidney. What part of kidney supporting apparatus is most likely to be damaged?
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Biogenic amines, such as histamine, serotonin, dopamine and others, are highly active substances affecting various physiological functions. What transformation process of amino acids results in biogenic amines being produced in somatic tissues?
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A patient being treated for tuberculosis is suffering from hearing deterioration. What drug causes this complication?
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Glucose content of blood stays at sufficient level after one week of starvation. Is it caused by activation of the following process:
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Tooth extraction in a patient with chronic persistent hepatitis was complicated by a prolonged bleeding. What is the cause of hemorrhagic syndrome?
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The patient's examination in a hospital specialised in diseases of nervous system has revealed absence of light-induced miosis. It is caused by damage of the following brain structures:
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After examining the patient the doctor recommended him to eliminate rich meat and vegetable broth, spices, smoked products from the diet, since the patient was found to have:
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A 47-year-old male patient consulted a dentist about difficult mouth opening (lockjaw). The patient has a history of a stab wound of the lower extremity. What infection can be manifested by these symptoms?
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Examination of a 23-year-old patient reveals that when his tongue is protruded, its tip deviates to the side. This is caused by the dysfunction of the following tongue muscle:
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There are various diseases that cause sharp increase of active oxygen, leading to cell membranes destruction. Antioxidants are used to prevent it from happening. The most potent natural antioxidant is:
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A 55-year-old mae patient with acute heart failure has been administered a quick-relief cardiac glycoside. Which of the following drugs has been given to the patient?
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As a result of a trauma a patient has developed traumatic shock. The patient is fussy, talkative, pale. AP- 140/90 mm Hg, Ps-120 bpm. This condition is consistent with the following shock phase:
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A patient has been hospitalized with skull trauma. His examination established absence of volitional movements of his head and neck muscles. What part of brain can cause this effect if damaged?
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A patient with pituitary tumor complains of increased daily diuresis (polyuria). Glucose concentration in blood plasma equals 4,8 mmol/l. What hormone can be the cause of this if its secretion is disturbed?
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A 60-year-old patient has taken a drug to relieve angina pectoris attack; in several minutes pain felt in the breastbone area abated, but it was followed by feeling of vertigo, headache, tinnitus, and hyperemia of face. What drug has he taken?
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An autopsy of the body of a 56-year-old man, who was suffering from secondary tuberculosis, has revealed large areas of sclerosis in the I-II segments of the right lung. Tissue surrounding affected areas is pale, soft, convex; crunches when cut; does not recede. Specify the changes occuring in the tissues surrounding sclerosis focus.
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A patient has air embolism as a result of a skin injury in the middle portion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Which cervical vein was injured?
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In the process of metabolism human body produces active oxygen forms, including superoxide anion radical O2. This anion is inactivated by the following enzyme:
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A patient complains about retrosternal pain, dyspnea and palpitation. After examination he was diagnosed with coronary heart disease and prescribed verapamil. What is the mechanism of its action?
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A 60-year-old patient with a history of bronchial asthma has had several attacks during the day. What is the optimal drug to be used for their prevention?
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A 12-year-old male patient has tetanic convulsions. Which gland function may be impaired in this case?
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During AB0 blood grouping by using coliclons (diagnostic monoclonal antibodies), haemagglutination did not occur with any of the coliclons. What is the blood group of the patient under examination?
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A young couple has a child with encephalopathy. A doctor determined this disease to be caused by mitochondrial DNA disorder. In what way are mitochondrial pathologies inherited?
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Microscopy of dental plaque revealed unicellular organisms. Their cytoplasm had two distinct layers, barely visible core, wide pseudopodia. The patient is most likely to have:
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Otopyosis has caused tympanic cavity roof to be broken by pus. From tympanic cavity pus spreads to the following cranial fossa:
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A 34-year-old patient has low endurance of physical loads. At the same time skeletal muscles have increased concentration of glycogen. This is caused by the reduced activity of the following enzyme:
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A doctor has prescribed clonidine for rapid relief of hypertensic crisis. What group does this drug belong to according to its mechanism of action?
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A 12-year-old child is of short stature, has disproportionate body structure and mental retardation. These characteristics might be caused by the hyposecretion of the following hormone:
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A 45-year-old female patient has neurosis with irritability, insomnia, amoti-vational anxiety. What tranquilizer will be able to eliminate all symptoms of the disease?
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A newborn boy has been diagnosed with hydrocephalus. Doctors consider it to be caused by teratogenic factors. What germ layers are affected by teratogen?
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When examining a female patient a doctor observed the following: misshapen auricles, elevated palate, teeth growth disorder; mental retardation; no disruption of reproductive function. Provisional diagnosis is the "super woman"syndrome. Point out the karyotype of this disease.
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The patient's condition after blood transfusion has been aggravated by posttransfusion shock. Name the type of allergic reaction causing this pathology.
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