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KROK 1 Dentistry 2018 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2018 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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In a closed community it is necessary to determine community members immunity to diphtheria and verify the need for their vaccination. What investigation is necessary in this case?
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For two weeks a woman has been taking the mixture for neurasthenia, which was prescribed by a neurologist. Her general state slightly improved but shortly she started complaining of rhinitis, conjunctivitis, skin rashes, fatigue, and memory impairment. What group of drugs can have such asideeffect?
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A patient developed burning sensation in the oral cavity and white fuzzy coating on the tongue. Oral thrush is diagnosed. What drug of those listed below should be used?
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A dental patient was prescribed a psychosedative for his fear of pain. What drug would be the most effective in this case?
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A patient with skin burns was delivered to a hospital. To clean the wound from necrotic tissues and mucus the doctor prescribed an enzymatic drug for topical treatment. Name this drug:
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A patient suffering from ciliary arrhythmia with anamnesis of bronchial asthma should be prescribed an antiarrhythmic drug. What antiarrhythmic drug is CONTRAINDICATED in this case?
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A new born failed to take his first breath. Autopsy revealed that despite unobstructed airways the lungs of the new born were unable to stretch. What is the most likely cause of this condition?
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A 35-year-old woman is diagnosed with faucial diphtheria. The patient died with signs of acute heart failure. On autopsy: heart cavities are enlarged in the diameter, heart muscle is dull, flaccid, striped on section, with yellowish areas under the endocardium. What type of degeneration was detected in cardiac hystiocytes?
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During acute inflammation of parotid gland, there is damage to the cells of secretory segments observed. What cells are damaged in this case?
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A child with signs of rickets has been prescribed a certain liposoluble vitamin drug by the pediatrician and dentist. This drug affects the metabolism of phosphorus and calcium in the body and facilitates calcium accumulation in bone tissue and dentine. If its content in the body is insufficient, there develop disorders of ossification process, dental structure, and occlusion.Name this drug:
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A patient with parodontosis was prescribed a fat-soluble vitamin that actively participates in redox processes in the organism. This antioxidant is a growth factor, has antixerophthalmic action, and contributes to maintenance of normal vision. In dental practice it is used to accelerate mucosal re-epithelization during parodontosis. Name this substance:
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A patient has deep lacerated wound with uneven edges. The wound is suppurating; its edges present with moist granulation tissue that does not protrude above the wound level. Name the type of wound healing:
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Often the cause of secondary immunodeficiency is an infectious affection of an organism, when agents reproduce directly in the cells of immune system and destroy them. Specify the diseases, during which the described above occurs:
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A 30-year-old woman complains of intense thirst and dryness of the mouth that developed after a severe emotional shock. Laboratory analysis revealed increase of the patient’s blood sugar level up to 10 mmol/L. What endocrine gland is affected in the patient?
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A 45-year-old man came to the hospital complaining of sensory loss in the posterior 1/3 of his tongue. Which pair of the cranial nerves is functionally disturbed?
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A patient presents with disturbed patency of the airways at the level of small and medium bronchial tubes. What acidbase imbalance can the patient develop?
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Due to trauma the patient’s parathyroid glands have been removed, which resulted in inertness, thirst, sharp increase of neuromuscular excitability. Metabolism of the following substance is disturbed:
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A patient presents with high content of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) in the blood. What changes in the patient’s diuresis will occur?
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To terminate hypertensive crisis the patient was administered solution of magnesium sulfate. What route of drug administration should be chosen?
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A patient presents with osteoporosis; hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia are observed in the patient’s blood. What is the cause of this condition?
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During their expedition to the Middle East, the students found a 7-centimeterlong arthropod. Its body consists of cephalothorax with 4 pairs of ambulatory legs and segmented abdomen with two venom glands in its last segment. The gland openings are located on the tip of the hookshaped sting. The animal was identified as a nocturnal predator, its venom is dangerous for humans. It belongs to the following order:
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The patient, who for a long time has been keeping to an unbalanced low protein diet, developed fatty liver infiltration. Name the substance, absence of which in the diet can lead to this condition:
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After introdiction of adrenaline the patient’s blood glucose level increased. It is caused by intensified:
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A student, who unexpectedly met his girlfriend, developed an increase in systemic arterial pressure. This pressure change was caused by the intensi?ed realization of the following re?exes:
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It is necessary to decrease pumping ability of the patient's heart. What membrane cytoreceptors must be blocked to achieve this effect?
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Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid is catalyzed by a multienzyme complex with several functionally linked coenzymes. Name this complex:
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To take a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis, a doctor makes a puncture into subarachnoid space. To prevent damage to the spinal cord, the needle must be inserted between the two following vertebrae
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Resuscitation unit received a patient with acute poisoning caused by unidentified medicine. To quickly excrete the poison from the patient’s body, forced diuresis was induced. What substance was used to perform this procedure?
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It is known that in metabolism of catecholamine mediators the special role belongs to monoamine oxidase (MAO). How does this enzyme activate these mediators (noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine)?
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A patient with acute pancreatitis presents with significantly increased urine diastase content. What proteolysis inhibitor must be included into complex therapy of this patient?
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A bacteriological laboratory received asampleofdried?sh from an outbreak of food poisoning. Inoculation of the sample on Kitt-Tarozzi medium revealed microorganisms resembling tennis racket. These microorganisms are causative agents of the following disease:
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A man with signs of intestinal obstruction was delivered to a hospital. In the process of treatment, roundworms 25-40 cm in size were extracted from the patent’s intestine. Determine the species of this helminth:
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A patient suffering from acute bronchitis with difficult expectoration was prescribed acetylcysteine. What drug action will provide curative effect?
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A patient with ischemic heart disease presents with increased blood plasma content of triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins. What drug should be prescribed?
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In what organ biotransformation (metabolic transformation) of most medicinal agents occurs upon their introduction into an organism?
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Among organic substances of a cell there is a polymer composed of dozens, hundreds, and thousands of monomers. This molecule is capable of self-reproduction and can be an information carrier. X-ray structure analysis shows this molecule to consist of two complementary spiral threads. Name this compound:
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In Western Europe nearly half of all congenital malformations occur in the children conceived in the period, when pesticides were used extensively in the region. Those congenital conditions result from the following influence:
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A 30-year-old breastfeeding woman keeps to the diet that daily provides her with 1000 mg of calcium, 1300 mg of phosphorus, and 20 mg of iron. How should the daily dosages of minerals in this diet be adjusted?
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A patient presents with damaged fibers of the ninth pair of cranial nerves (glossopharyngeal nerve). What gustatory sensation will be disturbed in this case?
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A 49-year-old man presents with facial edema, significant proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, dysproteinemia, and hyperlipidemia. What provisional diagnosis can be made?
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