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KROK 1 Dentistry 2019 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2019 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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The patient is in the state of cardiogenic shock, he needs to be given a non-glycoside cardiotonic drug. What will be the drug of choice in this case?
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In an experiment a peripheral segment of the sympathetic nerve that innervates the sublingual gland is being stimulated. In this case gland will produce:
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A trauma patient has fracture in the petrous part of the temporal bone. The fracture line passes behind the internal auditory foreman. What canal of the temporal bone was damaged?
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30 minutes after the dental treatment the patient developed red itching spots on the face and oral mucosa. The patient was diagnosed with urticaria. What bioactive substance with vasodilating and puriginous effect is produced during this type is allergic reaction?
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Autopsy of a man with tuberculosis has revealed a 3×2 cm large cavity in the superior lobe of the right lung. The cavity was communicating with a bronchus. It's wall was dense and consisted of three layers; the internal layer was pyogenic, the middle layer was made of tuberculous granulation tissue, and the external one was made of connective tissue. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A histological specimen of mucous tunic of a certain organ shows stratified epithelium consisting of 20-25 cellular layers with squamous superficial cells. Name the organ from which this sample was obtained
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Mother with a 12-year-old child come to the gastroenterologist. She complains of loss of appetite and networking in her child. Endoscopically the child was diagnosed with boluses dyskinesia, in the duodenal contents there was pear shaped protozoa with two nuclei and multiple flagella. What disease is the most likely in this child?
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A patient was the brought to the hospital with a lacerated wound of the maxillofacial area. Profuse Bleeding from the wound could not be stopped for a long time. What the disturbance of the total blood volume will be observed within the first hour after the blood loss occurred?
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A car accident victim presents with a spinal hematoma accompanied by restristernal pain, tachycardia and elevated blood pressure. Thr patients condition results from the damage to the following segement of the spinal cord:
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During an experiment, students where asked to hold their breath as long as possible. At the end of the test, they developed changes in the partial pressure of blood gases and increasing the breathing rate. All these process are required for maintenance of proper oxygenation and normal homeostasis. Which of the following changes is most likely to stimulate action of the respiratory Centre and cause hyperventilation in these students?
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At autopsy section of the right ovary shows a round lesion 2.5cm in diameter with a clear serous fluid, surrounded by a smooth glistening membrane. Which of the following macroscopic lessons that response the autopsy findings?
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During histologic examination of the skeletal muscle specimen, an investigator discovers an organelle that has two membranes: smooth outer membrane and internal, that forms multiple ridges of visible folds(crypts). Which of the following is the most likely function to this structure?
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A six-year-old girl with the diphtheria is administered an intravenous injection of diphtheria antitoxin. 10 days after the initial administration of drug. She develops pruritic rash, Fever and arthralgia. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
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After a collision of two cars one of the drivers presents with a deformity in the middle third of the left shin. The driver feels extreme pain that exacerbates on attempts to move it. The ends of a broken bone protrude from the open wound. The bone is triangular on section, movements cause the bleeding to intensify. What bone was damaged.
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A patient complains of painful chewing especially when his lower jaw moves forward and to the side. It indicates functional disorder of the following muscles:
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Condition of a patient thoracic trauma deteriorates quickly: he develops increasing asphyxiation, facial pallor, tachycardia. What is the likely cause of these developments?
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A patient with megaloblastic anemia was taking a water soluble vitamin. Name this substance:
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The patient’s saliva has been tested for antibacterial activity. What saliva component has antibacterial properties?
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A molecular level process of the spantanous passive transport of water soluble molecules across move across cell, membranes from an area of higher concentration towards an area of lower concentration via specif transmembrane integral proteins, this transport does not directly require chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis which of the following transport mechanism is most likely mentioned?
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A patient with streptococcal pneumonis was prescribed an antimicrobial agent that disrupts the microbial membranes. Name this drug :
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A 53 Years old women complains of painful swelling in her left parotid area. The swelling appeared Days ago. Objectively the skin in this area is slightly hyperemic and tender. Excretory duct of the salivary gland produces a small amount of the viscous turbid yellow-green liquid. Microscopy detects a diffuse infiltration of the gland with segmented neutrophils. Make the diagnosis:
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Microslide of a cardiac tissue shows rectangular cells with central location of the nucleus and well developed myofibrils connected with Z-disks. These cells perform the following cardiac function:
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People with dresses of internal organs often assumes forced position [e.g. with lower limbs flexed and pressed to the abdomen] due to the following reflex response:
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A patient presents with acute onset of disease: high fever and enlarged painful spleen.on the 10th day since the onset the patient developed a maculopapular rash in the abdomen. On the 21st day the patient died of peritonitis. Postmortem study of the body shows deep ulcers in the area of necrotic aggregate lymphoid follicles(peyer's patches) in the ileum of the diseased. Ine of the ulcers is perforated and diffuse fibrinopurulent peritonitis is observed. What disease can be suspected in this case?
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A certain disease of infection-allergic or unknown origin leads to bilateral diffuse or focal non-suppurative inflammation of renal glomerular apparatus with characteristic renal and extrarenal signs. Name this disease:
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A patient with essential hypertension presents with circadian fluctuations in total peripheral vascular resistance to blood flow. What vessels will be the most affected in this case?
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A 32-year-old man is brought to the physician because of a 4-month history of progressive weakness of the both lower limbs.she notes difficulty climbing stairs and complains of lethargy and loss of muscle bulk. Her diet consists primarily of "polished’" rice. A diagnosis of dry beriberi is suspected deficiency of which of the following vitamins is most likely to the detected in her blood?
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A histological specimen shows cells that form isogenous groups. There are glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and collagen fibers in the intercellular substance. What tissue is it?
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A child was hospitalized with diagnosis of diphtheria. What should be given to this child for specific therapy?
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A patient presents with osteoporosis hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia are observed in the patient's blood. What is the cause of this condition?
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A 42-year-old man with an incised wound on the lower anterior surface of his shoulder came to the medical station. Objectively he presents with impaired forearm flexion. What muscles are likely to be damaged in this patient?
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A 37-year-old woman presents with fructosemia and fructosuria .her blood glucose is 2.1mmol/L. she is diagnosed with fructose intolerance. What congenital enzyme deficiency is the molecular basis of this disease?
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A 65 years old man presents acute mandibular osteomyelitis. 3 days after the disease onset he developed marked edema of the skin and soft submandibular cervical tissues. Microscopically there is a diffuse infiltration with neutrophils. What complication of the main disease occurred in the patient’s skin tissues:
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An athlete overexerted himself during a training and developed a muscle contracture. In such cases the muscle loses its flexibility and gradually becomes rigid due to its inability to relax. What is the likely cause of the contract in this case?
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A child presents with dry cough. What non-narcotic antitussive drug can relieve the patient’s Condition?
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In an experiment the vagus is being stimulated, which results in increased acetylcholine entry to the synaptic cleft and that in turn results in the decreased heart rate due to the following mechanism:
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A patient suffers from disturbed blood supply of the superior lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres. What blood vessel is damaged?
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A 56-year-old man with a valvular defect complains of lower limb edemas that lately increased in frequency. Name the pathogenetic factor of edema development in this case:
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A sample obtained from the patients thyroid gland was processed with silver salts, which revealed large argyrophilic cells in the follicular walls. What hormone is being secreted by these cells?
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A patient with Cushing syndrome presents with persistent hyperglycemia and glucosuria. This patient is likely to have increased production and secretion of the following hormone:
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