A patient ill with enteritis accompanied by massive diarrhea has low water rate in the extracellular space, high water rate inside the cells and low blood osmolari-ty. What is such disturbance of water-electrolytic metabolism called?

Answer options

1. Hyperosmolar hyperhydration
2. Hypo-osmolar hyperhydration
3. Hypo-osmolar hypohydration
4. Hyperosmolar hypohydration
5. Osmolar hypohydration

Explanation

Dehydration occurs when the extracellular fluid and sodium ions are lost. Iso-osmolar dehydration- is based on proportional volume decrease of fluids and electrolytes e.g. Acute renal failure, blood loss, burns, etc. Hypoosmolar dehydration (salt deficit) develops due to diarrhea, vomiting, sweating, adrenal insufficiency, etc. Hyperosmolar dehydration (water deficit) develops due to the loss of the fluid which lacks electrolytes e.g. in diabetes insipidus, hyperventilation.