Histological examination of the biopsy material obtained from the lower third of the esophagus of a 57-year-old male with the symptoms of continuous reflux revealed the change of the stratified squamous epithelium to the singlelayer columnar glandular epithelium with signs of mucus production. Specify the pathological process in the mucous membrane:

Answer options

1. Hyperplasia
2. Organization
3. Hypertrophy
4. Metaplasia
5. Regeneration

Explanation

Histological examination of the biopsy material obtained from the lower third of the esophagus of a 57-year-old male with the symptoms of continuous reflux revealed the change of the stratified squamous epithelium to the singlelayer columnar glandular epithelium with signs of mucus production. Specify the pathological process in the mucous membrane: Any change of normal cell epithelia to another variant or type of epithelium is known as Metaplasia.