A patient developed left ventricular heart failure. What compensatory responses in the patient’s body will be aimed at the prevention of pulmonary edema?

Answer options

1. Decreased peripheral resistance in the systemic arterioles
2. Blood accumulation in the systemic veins
3. Increased central venous pressure
4. Reflex spasm of the pulmonary arterioles and decrease of blood pressure in the pulmonary microvasculature
5. Increased permeability of the pulmonary capillaries