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KROK 1 Pharmacy 2012 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2012 KROK 1 Pharmacy exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A group of alpinists climbing to the top had their blood tested. The test revealed erythrocytosis and an increase in hemoglobin rate. What type of hypoxia caused the stimulation of erythropoiesis in the bone marrow?
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Quite often, the soil may contain a number of pathogenic microorganisms. The causative agents of the following di- sease may exist in the soil for a long time:
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Pathogenic microorganisms are characterized by presence of aggression enzymes that determine their virulence. Select an aggression enzyme:
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By heating β-hydroxy acids the following substance is formed: {# "img":"77lglfgvefr3vly3m0icaq4c6.png", "alt":"Option","whb":"286:98:" #}
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ThepHof 0,001 M of hydrochloric acid solution is:
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Which of the listed biologically active compounds inhibits the secretion of pancreatic juice?
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What type of tautomerism is typical for the given compound? {# "img":"tkm2oio58tv7s1rqj16otkwkm.png", "alt":"Option","whb":"212:154:" #}
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The molar mass of calcium hydroxide equivalent (M(Ca(OH)2) = 74 g/mol) is:
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Bacteriological inspection of disinfection quality at a pharmacy revealed a microorganism in an utility room (in the sink). The microorganism has the following properties: mobile nonspore-forming gram-negative bacteria that form capsular substance, grow well on ordinary nutrient media, secrete the blue-green pigment. This microorganism is most likely to be of the following genus:
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Microbiological analysis of medicinal raw materials revealed capsular bacteria. What stain method was used to detect the capsules?
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The analyzed plant has hollow ribbed stems, compound umbel inflorescence, schizocarpic fruit (cremocarp) and is rich in essential oils, which is a characteristic of:
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Specify the colour of phenolphthalein in the sodium sulfide solution:
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In pharmaceutical technology an important part is played by pressure, temperature, concentration. The reaction yield can be increased by lowering the temperature of the following process:
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To identify a drug by thin-layer chromatography the following parameter is used:
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The intracellular metabolism of glycerol starts with its activation. What compound is formed in the first reaction of its conversion?
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When ammonia enters into reaction with acids, this results in formation of ammonium salts. Which properties of ammonia characterize this process?
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A patient had been diagnosed with right lung cancer and administered surgical treatment. After right-sided pulmonectomy the patient presented with evident dyspnea. What form of respiratory failure has developed in this patient?
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What wave of ECG characterizes the spread of excitation throughout the heart atria?
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Cardiac tones are the outer acoustic manifestations of heart functioning. What is the cause of the II tone?
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In accordance with the requirements of the pharmacopoeia, the non-sterile medicinal preparations may include microorganisms. What micro-organisms MUST NOT be present in them?
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While performing finger-nose test the examinee could not touch the tip of his nose with his fingertip having his eyes closed. What structure of the central nervous system is damaged?
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A patient has obstruction of the common bile duct. Which of these substances is usually found in urine in such cases?
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A continuous stay in the mountains causes an increase of blood oxygen capacity. What is the possible reason for this phenomenon?
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A student had to analyze an axial plant organ characterized by radial symmetry, unlimited growth, positive geotropism. It provided nutrition, vegetative propagation, anchorage of plant in the soil. This organ was identified as . . .
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A patient presents with fever, chill and cough. From his sputum the ovoid Gram-negative bipolar-stained bacilli with a delicate capsule were isolated. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Choose a name that corresponds to the formula: CH3 − C ≡ N:
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What data is required to determine the activation energy?
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A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus has developed a diffuse renal affection accompanied by proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, massive edema. What is the mechanism of proteinuria development in this case?
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What reactions are used in the methods of permanganatometry, dichromatometry, iodometry?
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In order to bind hydrogen ions during the identification of potassium ions with tartaric acid the following solution is used:
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According to the Paneth-Fajans rule, the ion preferably adsorbed from a solution on the surface of a solid crystalline adsorbent is the ion, which:
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Some medications are produced by hydrolysis of corresponding neutral salts. From the salts listed below, select the one that WILL NOT succumb to hydrolysis:
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Which of the following reactions is required in order to obtain an azo dye out of an aromatic amine?
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A solution containing calcium and magnesium cations is titrated with Trilon B solution. Complexometric titration of these cations requires the following medium:
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What is the mechanism of bromination of toluene aromatic nucleus? {# "img":"q6dulpb5rtszcszanifesbfl6.png", "alt":"Option","whb":"332:175:" #}
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This scheme of nitroalkane synthesis is called the reaction of: {# "img":"sror32lvxw55mqvfo61l6dbmf.png", "alt":"Option","whb":"271:84:" #}
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A hospital admitted a patient with arterial hypertension induced by renal artery stenosis, complaints of persistent nausea and headache. The main element in the pathogenesis of hypertension is the activation of the following system:
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Nitrating mixture is a mixture of concentrated acids:
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Bacterioscopic examination of chancre material revealed some mobile, long, convoluted microorganisms with 8-12 regular coils. These features are typical for:
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Before a surgical operation, a surgeon treated his hands with an alcoholcontaining solution. Which group of drugs does this solution relate to?
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