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KROK 2 Dentistry 2008 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2008 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 40-year-old patient complains about a carious cavity in the 22 tooth. Objectively: a deep carious cavity on the medial surface of the 22 tooth, probing induces mild pain. What is the optimal material for filling of the 22 tooth?
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A 28-year-old man applied to a dental surgeon for removal of the 38 tooth. What forceps should be chosen for this tooth?
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A 35-year-old patient applied to a dental clinic for removal of the 14 tooth because of acute condition of chronic periodontitis after therapeutic treatment proved to be inefficient. What instrument will you choose for removal?
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A patient came to a dental clinic for the purpose of prosthetics. Objectively: the lower third of her face is diminished, nasolabial folds are deepened, frontal group of teeth on both upper and lower jaws is missing, crowns of the 17, 15, 26, 27, 36, 37, 45, 47 teeth are worn by 2/3 of their height, masticatory surfaces of these teeth are smooth, pigmented, alveolar process is not hypertrophied, interalveolar height is reduced. What form of pathological tooth wear is it?
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An 11-year-old patient complains about tooth mobility and gingival hemorrhage. He has been suffering since he was 3 years old. Objectively: gums around all the teeth are hyperemic, edematic, bleed during instrumentl examination. Tooth roots are dehisced by 1/3 and covered with white deposit. There is 2 degree tooth mobility. Dentogingival pockets are 4-5 mm deep. External examination revealed dryness and thickening of palms, anterior third of forearms, sole surfaces; there are scratches. What is the most probable provisional diagnosis?
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Examination of a patient revealed a roundish neoplasm in the submental area. The skin above it is unchanged, forms a fold. Puncture sample contains some straw-yellow liquid mixed with cholesterol. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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An 8-year-old child complains about permanent dull pain in the 46 tooth that is getting stronger during cutting. The pain appeared 1 day ago. Previously there has been pain induced by cold stimuli. Objectively: there is a deep carious cavity on the masticatory surface of the 46 tooth, tooth cavity is closed, probing and temperature stimuli cause no pain reaction. Percussion is painful, a slight mobility is present. Gum around the 46 tooth is hyperemic, edematic, palpatory painful. X-ray picture shows no changes near the apex of undeveloped roots. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A 20-year-old patient complains of a tumour-like formation on the lateral surface of his neck on the right. He revealed this tumour a year ago. Objectively: there is a semi-oval well-defined tumour 3х2 cm large on the lateral neck surface. The tumour doesn’t hold together with skin, it is painless, dense and elastic, upwardly and sidewardly movable. Regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. After the tumour puncture some light yellow liquid was obtained that consisted of cast-off epithelium, cholesterol crystals, lymphocytes, erythrocytes. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 28-year-old woman complains about acute pain on the left of her upper jaw during eating. 6 days ago the 28 tooth was extracted, after that the pain came. The patient considers that extraction of the 28 tooth caused "damaging"of the next tooth. Objectively: alveolus of the 28 tooth is at a stage of healing. On the distal surface of the 27 tooth there is a carious cavity in the precervical area that doesn’t communicate with the tooth cavity. Cold stimulus causes short attack of pain. Dentin of walls and floor is light and softened. Probing of the floor is painful. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 68-year-old patient underwent full jaw removal. Before the operation an impression of the patient’s upper and lower jaws was taken and a substitutive denture was made. What are the means of the denture fixation in the oral cavity?
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A patient complained about pain in his 45 tooth induced by cold, sour and sweet food stimuli. The pain abates when the stimulus action is stopped. Objectively: there is a carious cavity on the masticatory surface within mantle dentin consisting of food rests and softened dentin, overhanging enamel edeges are chalky. What is the diagnosis?
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A 48-year-old teacher complained about considerable mobility of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth. Objectively: cervices of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth are dehisced by 2/3, there is pathological mobility of the III-degree. The patient has indication for removal of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth. What type of denture should be applied for immediate-insertion prosthetics?
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A 13,5-year-old girl complains of gingival painfullness and hemorrhage during tooth brushing and eating, halitosis. She has been ill with angina for a week. Objectively: mucous membrane of gums in the area of frontal teeth of her upper and lower jaws is edematic, hyperemic. Apices of gingival papillae are necrotic, they also bleed when touched. There is a thick layer of soft tooth plaque. What is the causative agent of this disease?
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A month after cementation of a metalceramic crown on the 23 tooth a patient applied to the dentist with complaints about its decementation. Examination revealed that tooth stump was of sufficient height, its walls converged to the vertical tooth axis at an angle of approximately 30 degrees. At what angle was it necessary to establish convergention of stump walls to the tooth axis?
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A 57-year-old patient complains about mobility of his metal-ceramic dental bridge supported by the 33, 37 teeth. The bridge has been in use for 9 months. Objectively: X-ray picture shows alveolar process atrophy by 2/3 in the area of the 33, and by 1/2 of root length in the area of the 37; there are pathological pockets, gingivitis. What is the cause of pathological mobility of supporting teeth?
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During lateral motions of a mandible frontal teeth are deviated. Sideward relocation of incisive point from the central position has an angle of 100−110o. What is characterized by such value of incisive point deviation?
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A child was brought to the traumatology centre of oral surgery department with complaints about changed position of the 21 tooth that was inclined towards palate. The day before the child was hit in the face. Make a diagnosis:
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Parents of a 1,5-year-old child complained about tongue enlargement, disturbed food intake. The child has ben suffering from this since birth. Objectively: general condition has no pecularities. Tongue is enlarged (macroglossia). Its mucous membrane has granular vesiclelike outgrowths. Tongue is compact, palpatory painless. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A visiting nurse examined a newborn child. Examination revealed that lower face part is shorter than median one, chin is retrodeviated, teeth are missing, lower jaw is retrodisplaced. What is the name of such mandible position of a newborn?
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A 52-year-old patient complains of significant tooth wear on both jaws. Objectively: tooth wear in the lateral parts of the lower jaw at a level of gums and wear by 1/3 in the frontal parts. The treatment had two stages. What denture construction for occlusion disconnection and reconstruction of myostatic reflexes should be applied in this case?
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A 1,8-year-old boy was under treatment in the infectious disease department. He was given ampicillin. On the 6th day of treatment there appeared white deposits in form of caseous films that were revealed on the hyperemic mucous membrane in the area of gingival torus, cheeks and on the tongue. The films can be removed leaving hyperemic surface underneath them. General condition is satisfactory. Body temperature is 36,7°C. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 47-year-old patient came to an orthopaedic stomatology center with complaints about missing tooth in the frontal part of his upper jaw, cosmetic defect. Objectively: the occlusion is orthogenic, the 11th tooth is missing. Anamnesis data: the patient had myocardial infarction 3 months ago. What denture should be applied for the time being?
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A 53-year-old patient has to undergo resection of the left half of mandible together with its ramus. It is indicated to make an immediate Oxman’s denture. What denture element keeps the remaining mandible fragment from deviation towards the defect?
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Examination of a 9-year-old patient revealed a milky spot on the vestibular surface of the 11 tooth close to the cutting edge. Probing and tempearture stimuli cause no pain reaction. The child was diagnosed with local enamel hypoplasia of the 11 tooth. What treatment should be administered?
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A 70-year-old patient is awaiting complete removable dentures for both upper and lower jaws. Teeth placement will be made by Vasilyev’s method. What teeth in the upper denture must not touch glass?
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Examination of a 6-year-old child revealed a deep carious cavity in the 85 tooth. Percussion and probing are painless. Removal of softened dentin resulted in intercommunication with tooth cavity. Deep probing is painful. X-ray picture of the 85 tooth shows a focus of bony tissue destruction in the area of bifurcation, cortical plate of the 35 tooth has no pathological changes. What paste should be applied for the root filling in this case?
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A 20-year-old patient got a trauma in the area of his upper jaw. He applied to a dentist and complained about mobility of his frontal upper teeth, pain during cutting and joining of teeth. Objectively: the 11 and 21 teeth have II-III-degree mobility. Tooth crowns are intact but have oral position. Complete joining of teeth is impossible because the teeth are situated beyond the dental arch. X-ray picture shows a slight broadening of periodontal fissure of the 11 tooth up to 0,5-2 mm. The roots are intact. Make a correct diagnosis:
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A 50-year-old patient has a defect of his lower dentition. It is planned to make a bridge denture supported by implants. X-ray picture showed that the height of osseous tissue mass from projection of mandibular canal to the top of alveolar crest was 2 cm. What implant wil be recommended?
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External examination of a 7-year-old child revealed: thickening of nose bridge, semi-open mouth, dry lips. Mouth corners are peeling. Anamnesis data: the child sleeps with open mouth. Examination of oral cavity revealed no changes. What dispensary group will this child fall into?
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A 14-year-old patient applied to an orthodontist. Objective examination revealed that on the site of the second incisor a canine tooth had cut out, and on the site of the canine - the second incisor. The same pathology has also the patient’s father. Make a diagnosis:
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Parents of an 8-year-old boy complain about a cosmetic defect, inability to bite off food. The child often suffers from acute viral respiratory infections. Objectively: chin skewness, mental fold is most evident. The lower lip is everted, superior central incisor lies on it, nasolabial fold is flattened. In the oral cavity: occlusion period is early exfoliation period. The upper jaw is narrowed, there is gothic palate. Frontal teeth have fan-shaped position. Sagittal fissure is 6 mm. In the lateral parts contact of homonymous teeth is present. What is the most probable cause of dentoalveolar deformity?
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A 20-year-old patient complains about gum itching, gingival haemorrage during tooth brushing and eating, unusual look of gums. He has been observing these presentations for the last 1,5 year. It is known from the patient’s anamnesis that he has been taking diphenylamine anticonvulsants for 2 years. Objective examination revealed gingival hyperemia and edema. In the frontal part the gums cover vestibular surface of teeth by 1/2 of their height. Along the loose gingival edge growth of granulation tissue is present, probing causes gingival haemorrage. No roentgenological changes were revealed. Make a diagnosis:
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A patient has got a traumatic fracture of mandible in the area of the missing 34, 35 teeth with a slight displacement and a defect of alveolar part in the area of the 34, 35 teeth. Other teeth on both lower and upper jaws are intact. What splint would be optimal in this case?
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A 36-year-old patient applied to a dentist 1,5 month after a mandibular trauma with complaints about difficult food mastication, esthetic face defect. Objectively: the face is proportional, asymmetric as a result of oral displacement of a lateral fragment of the left lower jaw. When the jaws are closed the 34, 35, 36, 37 teeth are not in contact with their antagonists. The patient strongly objects to surgical operation. What orthopaedic treatment should be administered?
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A patient complains about spontaneous pain in the area of his 15 tooth he has been feeling for 2 days. Thermal stimuli make the pain worse, its attacks last up to 30 minutes. Objectively: there is a deep carious cavity in the 15 tooth consisting of light softened dentin, floor probing is painful in one point, reaction to the thermal stimuli is positive, percussion is painless. Make a diagnosis:
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A 50-year-old woman complains about a neoplasm on her lower lip on the side of oral cavity that appeared a month ago and has been slowly growing since that. Objectively: there is a roundish, elastic, painless neoplasm inside the lower lip. Mucous membrane hasn’t changed its colour. Make a diagnosis:
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A 5-year-old girl with crossbite was referred to an orthodontist. Objectively: between frontal teeth there are diaereses and diastems, canine tubera have no signs of physiological wear out. Central line between incisors doesn’t match. What is the doctor’s tactics?
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Prophylactic examination of a 6-year-old child revealed: occlusion of temporary teeth. Both superior and inferior dental arches are trapeziform. Superior incisors overlap the inferior ones by more than 2/3. Correlation of canines and second molars is homonymous. There are no spaces between frontal teeth. Superior dental arch is larger than inferior one by the size of buccal cusp. In what planes can the occlusion deformity be defined?
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A 43-year-old patient complains of tooth mobility and considerable dehiscence of dental cervices of the lower jaw in its frontal part. Objectively: gums in the area of the 44, 43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33, 34 teeth are pale, slightly cyanotic, without hemorrhage. The 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth have mobility of the I-II-degree. There is also overcrowding of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth. Cervices of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth are dehisced by 1/2 of root length, of the 43, 33 - by 1/4. What orthopaedic construction should be applied in this case?
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An 18-year-old patient complains of gingival painfulness and hemorrhage, halitosis, temperature rise up to 38,6°C, general weakness, appetite loss. Objectively: mucous membrane of oral cavity is hyperemic and dry; tongue is covered with white fur, gingival papillae are edematic, their apices have areas of necrotic deposit that can be easily removed leaving bleeding surface beneath. Submaxillary lymph nodes are enlarged, palpatory painful. What is the causative agent of this disease?
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