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KROK 2 Dentistry 2008 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2008 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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Mother of a 3-year-old child brought the child to an orthodontist and complained about total lack of crown part of the 51 and 61 teeth. What tactics should the doctor choose?
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A 12-year-old girl complains about burning and painfulness of her tongue, especially during eating spicy food. Objectively: there are oval red spots on the tip and dorsum of tongue. Filiform papillae are not present in the affected area. The girl mentions that the spots become periodically larger and have migratory nature. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 2-year-old child was brought to a dentist to consult about rash and painfulness during eating that appeared yesterday. Objectively: body temperature is 37,5°C, skin is clean, submaxillary lymph nodes are painful. Examination of oral cavity revealed on the mucous membrane of lips and tongue roundish painful erosions 1-3 mm in diameter covered with whitish deposit. The gum on both upper and lower jaws is hyperemic, edematic, bleed when touched. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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An 11-year-old girl complains about bleeding of a tooth on her lower jaw during eating and tooth brushing. This tooth hurt her before but she didn’t consult a dentist. Examination of the 46 tooth revealed a deep cavity communicating with tooth cavity and filled with red growth tissue. Probing causes a slight hemorrhage and pain, percussion is painless, cold stimulus cause mild pain. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A patient came to a dental clinic for dental prosthetics. Objectively: total lack of teeth on the mandible. Sharp and regular atrophy of alveolar part. Frenula attachment and fold position is high. Name the type of atrophy of edentulous mandible using Keller’s classification:
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A 35-year-old patient complained about toothache on the left of his upper jaw that appears during eating, can be caused by thermal stimuli (especially by cold water) as well as by mechanical and chemical stimuli. The pain abates when the stimuli are eliminated. Objectively: there is a deep carious cavity with a narrow inlet within circumpulpar dentin. Probing of carious cavity floor is painful. Thermodiagnosis causes acute pain that abates immediately after stimulus elimination. Electric odontodiagnostics results - 15 microampere. Make a diagnosis:
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After anesthetization a 55-year-old patient felt sudden attack of weakness, pain behind his breastbone irradiating to his left arm and scapular area, palpitation. Objectively: the patient is conscious, inert, his forehead is covered with cold sweat, the skin is pale, AP is 90/60 mm Hg, heart tones are dull, pulse is thready and arrhythmic. What state is developing?
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During tooth extraction a 55-year-old patient felt dull pain behind her breastbone, got a sense of compression. A dental surgeon diagnosed her with a stenocardia attack. What medication should be given this patient in order to arrest this state?
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A 58-year-old patient applied to an oral surgeon and complained about painful ulcer on the lateral surface of his tongue. Objectively: left lateral surface of tongue has a roundish ulcer with undermined soft overhanging edges, palpatory painful, ulcer floor is slightly bleeding and covered with yellowish nodules. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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An oral surgeon attended a 3 day old child staying in the newborn pathology department. Objectively: bilateral hypogenesis of zygomatic bones and orbits, antimongoloid slant of palpebral fissures, nonclosure of inferior eyelids, hypogenesis of mandible (bird face), deformity of auricles with a preauricular fistula on the right. What congenital disease does the child have?
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A 23-year-old man complains about gingival hemorrhage during tooth brushing, massive formation of dental deposit in spite of thorough oral hygiene. Objectively: gingival papillae are somewhat edematic, congestively hyperemic, bleed when touched. Fyodorov-Volodkina hygienic index is 3,5. What toothpaste would you recommend this patient as a part of complex therapy of this disease?
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A dentist is filling a II class carious cavity (Black’s classification) in the 36 tooth of a 35-year-old patient by sandwich method. What glass-ionomer cement should be chosen as a basic liner in this case?
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A 19-year-old man complained about gingival hemorrhage and painfulness. Objectively: in the frontal part of his upper and lower jaws overcrowding of teeth is present; there are hyperemia, cyanosis and enlargement of gingival papillae up to 1/3 of crown height; massive formation of soft tooth deposit. What procedure should be included into the treatment program?
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During local anesthetization (with 2 ml of 10% solution of lidocaine) a 9-year-old girl cried out, lost consciousness, there appeared generalized convulsions. Objectively: the child’s skin is pale and cyanotic. It is impossible to feel the pulse because of convulsions. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A 60-year-old patient has profuse alveolus hemorrhage after a simple operation of the 37 tooth extraction. It is known from the patient’s anamnesis that he had been suffering from hypertension for the latest 6 years. Arterial pressure is 180/110 mm Hg. What emergency aid should the doctor render?
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A patient with a missile wound of his face was delivered to the station of dental aid group that was organized by order of medical corps commander. What kind of aid can be rendered by the dental aid group?
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A 13-year-old child complains about acute spontaneous short-term attack-like pain in the area of the 36 tooth that is getting worse during eating. The pain appeared yesterday. Objectively: there is a deep carious cavity on the masticatory surface of the 36 tooth. Tooth cavity is closed, floor probing is painful in one point. Cold stimulus causes short-term pain. Make a diagnosis:
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Mother of a 2 month old child had acute purulent mastitis. After that the child got edema of left infraorbital and zygomatic areas, skin hyperemia of left face part, body temperature up to 39 − 40°C, purulent discharges from the nose. What is presumptive diagnosis?
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A 62-year-old man complains about a painless formation on his tongue that appeared several months ago. Objectively: there is a big number of carious and completely decayed teeth, a painless whitish formation 10х5 mm large with irregular surface in form of verrucas on the lateral surface of tongue. Histological examination revealed thickening of corneous layer of epithelium with intermittent cornification. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A patient had an epileptic attack during tooth preparation. What actions should the doctor take?
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A 62 year patient was at a dentist’s and suddenly there appeared dyspnea and hacking cough, sense of progressing asphyxia. The patient’s condition is getting progressively worse; number of respiratory movements reached 30/min, acrocyanosis became more evident, there appeared gargling breathing, oral cavity excretes a lot of albuminoid sputum. Psychomotor agitation and arterial hypertension are present. What pathological state is it?
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A patient was delivered to an admission room after a road accident. Examination of the patient revealed in the area of oral floor a large haematoma spreading to the neck area as well as a significant edema of soft tissues of oral floor and neck. There are signs of asphyxia. What type of emergency care is indicated?
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A 42-year-old patient applied to an oral surgeon for the purpose of oral cavity sanitation. After anesthetization the patient felt sudden attack of nausea, weakness, he got the sense of compression behind his breastbone, heart pain; he began vomiting. The patient lost consciousness, there appeared convulsions. Objectively: the patient’s skin is pale, covered with cold clammy sweat, pupils don’t react to the light. The pulse is thready, arterial pressure cannot be detected. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 42-year-old patient complains about a neoplasm in the anterior palatal part that has been forming for 10 years. The 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23 teeth are intact. Intraoral X-ray picture of the upper jaw shows a single focus of bony tissue destruction, well-defined, 2,5 by 1,5 cm large. Periodontal fissure in the area of the 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23 teeth can be well seen. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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At the stage of adjustment of an individual tray the Herbst test should be done. What muscles cause the shift of the individual tray during functional testing - alternate touching right or left cheek with the tip of tongue?
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A 37-year-old patient was diagnosed with arthrosis of mandibulotemporal joint. During auscultation the doctor heard pathological rustle in the area of the joint, namely "clicking"that was caused by a load. What is the mechanism of this pathological rustle?
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A 23-year-old patient complained about unpleasant sensations in the area of the 12 tooth, X-ray picture shows a welldefined low-density area up to 8-10 mm in diameter around the root apex of the 12 tooth. What method of surgery will be the most reasonable?
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A 20-year-old man got a blow to the chin. He remained conscious. Objectively: his general condition is satisfactory. He has an edema and haematoma in the area of his lower jaw on both sides. Jaw palpation causes acute pain. Mouth opening is limited. There is also a rupture of mucous membrane of oral cavity in the area of the 44, 43 and 34, 35 teeth. Occlusion is deviated. What asphyxia type can be developed?
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A 3-year-old child was burnt with boiling water. Face skin is hyperemic and edematic, there are blisters of different sizes filled with transparent liquid. Define a degree of face skin burn:
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Examination of an 11-year-old girl revealed: caries intensity (sum of carious, filled and extracted teeth) = 3, Green-Vermillion’s hygienic index - 1,6, papillary-marginally-alveolar index = 20%. The girl catches a cold once or twice a year. Average caries intensity index for this age group in this region is 4. How many times a year should the girl see a dentist?
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A patient was admitted to the oral surgery department with a diagnosis "odontogenous phlegmon of mouth floor". Objectively: general condition of the patient is grave, abed position is forced, the patient is sitting with lowered head. He complains about pain behind his breastbone that is getting worse during backward flexion of head; cough, dyspnea. What complication has developed?
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The 47, 46, 45, 35, 36, 37, 38 teeth of a 57-year-old patient are missing. It is planned to make a clasp denture. The 48 tooth inclines to the lingual side and forwards. On the lingual side of the 48 tooth the border line is diagonal, on the buccal side it runs on a level with gingival edge. What type of Neja clasp should be applied?
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A patient is waiting for metal-ceramic crowns for the 11, 12 teeth. Before preparation conduction anesthesia was performed. A few minutes later the patient felt anxiety, ear noise, abdominal pain, dizziness. Tachypnoea and rapid pulse are present. Arterial pressure is 60/40 mm Hg. What kind of first aid should be rendered?
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A 43-year-old patient applied to a prosthetic dentistry for the purpose of prosthetics. In anamnesis: has been suffering from diabetes mellitus for 15 years. The patient has been very anxious before the appointment with a doctor. Suddenly the patient’s condition grew worse, he felt limb weakness. The patient became covered with cold clammy sweat and lost consciousness. What critical state is it?
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A patient complains about worsened fixation and frequent breakages of partial removable lamellar denture for the lower jaw that has been in use for 5 years. Objectively: alveolar part in edentulous areas is significantly atrophied, the denture balances. What is the most probable cause of worsened fixation and frequent breakages of the denture?
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A 13-year-old patient got a trauma in the area of median face zone. She complains about pain, swelling of soft tissues in the area of her upper jaw, pain during mouth closing. Examination revealed mobility of nose bones, significant swelling of soft tissues in the left zygomatic area, haemorrage in the eye sclera, "step"sign along the inferior edge of both orbits and zygomaticomaxillary sutures, nasal hemorrhage, open bite, lengthening of median face part. Make a clinical diagnosis:
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A patient with unilateral dislocation of mandibulotemporal joint was delivered to the maxillofacial department. What type of local anesthesia is indicated for relaxation of masticatory muscles during diaplasis?
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A patient got an injury and complains about limited mouth opening, nasal hemorrhage, skin numbness in the infraorbital and inferior eyelid area. Objectively: there is face deformity due to retraction of soft tissues in the zygomatic area on the left, a "step"symptom in the median part of the left inferior edge of eyesocket as well as in the area of zygomaticoalveolar crest. What examination method should be applied for diagnostics of this disease?
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A 25-year-old patient applied to a clinic for the purpose of oral cavity sanitation. During preparation of the 45 tooth on account of chronic median caries the patient turned pale, there appeared cold clammy sweat on her forehead, nausea, ear noise. The patient lost consciousness. Objectively: pulse - 50 bpm, AP - 80/60 mm Hg, shallow breath, miotic pupils. Make a diagnosis of this state:
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A 64-year-old patient was waiting to see an oral surgeon. Suddenly she fell, there appeared coarse breathing, spasmatic twitching of upper and lower extremities. Face and neck became cyanotic, pupils became mydriatic, reaction to the light was absent, arterial pressure and pulse could not be detected, heart tones could not be heard, involuntary urination was observed. What state are these symptoms typical for?
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