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KROK 2 Dentistry 2010 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2010 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 24-year-old victim consulted a doctor about a face burn. He was injured by the open flame. He complains about pain and burning of face skin. Objectively: hyperemia of face skin; in the region of chin, nose, forehead, eyebrows, cheekbones there are burn blisters containing transparent liquid. These presentations correspond with the following degree of burn severity:
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A 20-year-old patient complains about inability to move with his lower jaw, speech difficulty and problems during eating. He associates his condition with a trauma he got when biting on apple. Examination revealed half-open mouth, open bite due to the solitary contacts of distal tubercles of the last molars, salivation, indistinct speech. Articular heads of mandible can be felt anterior to both tragi. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 6,5-year-old child has a gap 2,53 mm large between frontal teeth from canine to canine. Relationship of the first permanent molars complies with Angle's class I. Specify the severity degree of bite deformation:
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A 5-year-old child complains about spontaneous pain in an upper jaw tooth on the right that is getting worse at night and during eating cold food. Objectively: the 65 tooth has a deep cavity communicating with the tooth cavity. Probing is painful, percussion is painless. Cold water causes long-standing pain. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A 13-year-old boy complains about pain in the upper jaw caused by warm and hot stimuli, offensive breath when he sucks his tooth. Objectively: the 24 tooth is changed in color, there is a deep carious cavity communicating with the tooth cavity. Deep probing is painful. Percussion causes no pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 30-year-old patient complains about body temperature rise up to 39,0°C, a roundish infiltrate on his upper lip, general weakness. He has been presenting with these symptoms for 3 days. Objectively: a roundish infiltrate in the region of the upper lip 2,5 cm in diameter, the skin over the infiltrate is red with a necrotic core in the centre. The upper lip is hyperemic and edematic. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Parents of a 6-year-old child complain about pain in the child's submandibular region on the left, body temperature rise up to 37,5°C. Objectively: the child's face is asymmetric due to the infiltration of the submandibular region on the left. The infiltration is soft and elastic, mobile, 2x2,5 cm large; its palpation is slightly painful, the skin is unchanged. The teeth are intact. Pharynx is hyperaemic. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 48-year-old woman complains about aching dull pain in the region of the left TJM, that is getting worse during eating solid food. The pain appeared about 2,5 years ago. Objectively: mouth opening is limited, there is sideward deviation of jaw during mouth opening, TMJ is clicking. Examination of the oral cavity revealed secondary partial adentia. X-ray picture shows sclerosis of the cortical plate of articulat head and narrowing of cartilage space. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 30-year-old patient was diagnosed with posttraumatic osteomyelitis of mandible in the region of mandible body on the right. The patient got the trauma 1,5 month ago. X-ray picture shows the fracture line and the shadow of osseous sequestre along the fracture line. There is a fistula with purulent discharge on skin. Choose the treatment tactics:
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A dentist fills a Black class II carious cavity in the 36 tooth of a 35-year-old man by sandwich method in one office visit. What glass-ionomer cement should be chosen as basic liner in this case?
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A 54-year-old male patient complains about progressing pain in the area of upper jaw on the left that first arose 3 days ago. Body temperature is up to 37, 2°C. Objectively: gingival mucous membrane is edematic, hyperemic, it bleeds slightly. Parodontal pouches are 6-7 mm deep and contain a small amount of purulent exudate. A painful infiltrate is palpated in the region of the 26 tooth. The 26 tooth has III-degree mobility, the rest of teeth have I-II-degree mobility. X-ray picture shows resorption of interalveolar septa by 2/3 of root length. What is the most appropriate treatment method of the 26 tooth?
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A 27-year-old victim was delivered to to the facial surgery department with a cut wound of right cheek. The trauma is civilian, the patient got it in a fight. The deadline for early surgical d-bridement without preliminary antibiotic injection is no more than:
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A 62-year-old patient has a median fracture of mandible along with formation of a false joint. Objectively: dental formula is 33, 34, 35, 36, 27, 47, 46, 45, 44, 43. The teeth are intact, stable, with high crowns. Fragment mobility is insignificant, there is no displacement. X-ray picture shows a bone defect 0,8 cm large. What prosthesis is indicated?
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After supercooling a 42-year-old patient presented with headache in the left frontal region and left upper jaw. Objectively: the face is symmetric, breathing through the left nasal meatus is obstructed, seropurulent discharges are present. Palpation is slightly painful in the infraorbital region as well as along the mucogingival fold in projection of the 24, 25 teeth. Percussion of these teeth is painless. The 24 tooth is filled. Mucuous membrane of alveolar process has no visible changes. X-ray picture shows reduced pneumatization of the left upper jaw sinus. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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An 8,5-year-old child is apparently healthy. The child complains about pain in an upper tooth on the left caused by traumatic injury sustained three hours ago. Objectively: the crown part of the 21 tooth is destroyed by 1/2, the pulp is red and significantly exposed, probing causes acute pain and bleeding. Percussion of the 21 tooth is extremely painful. Choose the most efficient treatment method of the 21 tooth:
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A 36-year-old female patient complains about an aesthetic defect of upper frontal teeth. In past history: she undergoes regular check-up in the endocrinological department on account of thyrotoxicosis. Enamel defects appeared several years ago and since that have been gradually expanding. Examination revealed that the 12, 11, 21, 22 teeth had transverse oval enamel defects on the vestibular surfaces. Probing and cold test is painless. Floor of the defects is smooth, glossy and hard. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 23-year-old patient complains about root exposition, gingival hemorrhage during tooth brushing, gum itch. Objectively: there is supragingival and subgingival dental calculus. Gums are hyperaemic, edematic, pouches are 3,5 mm deep. X-ray picture shows resorption of interalveolar septa by 1/3. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 14-year-old child complains about acute spontaneous pain in an upper jaw tooth on the right. The pain has been lasting for 3 days, it is throbbing, irradiating to the temple, getting worse at night. Objectively: surface of the 15 tooth exhibits a carious cavity within parapulpar dentine. Dentine is softened, of greyish colour. Probing of the whole cavity floor is painful, percussion of the 15 tooth is painless. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A child's mother had acute purulent mastitis. Now the 2-month-old child experiences an edema of his left infraorbital and malar regions, dermahemia of the left face side, temperature rise up to 39 — 40°C, purulent discharges from the nose. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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According to the parents of a 7-year-old child, the child complains about weakness, body temperature rise up to 39°C, toothache in the upper jaw on the left. Objectively: condition is grave, the child is pale and adynamic, the face is asymmetric because of infiltration of the upper jaw on the left. The 64 tooth has a carious cavity. Percussion is painful, I degree of teeth mobility is also present. There are purulent discharges from the subgingival edge of the 64 tooth. Mucogingival fold of the 63, 64, 65 teeth is smoothed. Vestibular and palatine mucous membrane is edematic. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 35-year-old man has a medium deep carious cavity in the 37 tooth (Black's class II). For its filling a dentist chose technique of layer-by-layer restoration. What composite should be coating the floor and walls of the carious cavity in order to form superadaptive initial layer?
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A 32-year-old male patient was delivered to traumatology. He complains about nosebleed, severe cephalalgia, giddiness, face deformation, heavy breathing, mastication inability. He sustained an injury in the mine over three hours ago. He was conscious. Objectively: the middle third of his face is elongated, there are considerable hematomas and there is an edema in the region of nose root and eyelids of both eyes. The upper jaw is displaced downwards, it is mobile together with nasal bones, cheek bones and eyeballs. Palpation reveals deformation, pain and pathological mobility in the region of the nose bridge, external socket edges, pterygoid processes of basilar bone. Nosebleed is present. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 9-year-old boy presents with face asymmetry due to the chin deviation to the left. When the third Il'ina-Marcosian diagnostic test is performed face asymmetry disappears. What is the most likely clinical form of this occlusal abnormality?
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A 13-year-old girl has been experiencing gingival hemorrhages and frontal teeth mobility throughout the last month. Objectively: gingival mucous membrane in the region of lower incisors and canines is edematic, hyperemic, it bleeds on touch. These teeth present with I degree mobility, parodontal pouches are 3 mm deep. Orthopantomogram shows reduction of bone tissue of interalveolar septa by 1/3 of their height. Frontal teeth of the lower jaw are overcrowded. Hygiene index is 4,2. What local treatment should be provided in the first place?
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A 16-year-old teenager complains about halitosis, general weakness, body temperature rise up to 37,6°C. These symptoms turned up two days ago, the boy had a history of recent angina. Objectively: oral hygiene is unsatisfactory, the teeth are coated with soft dental deposit. Gums are hyperemic, gingival papillae are covered with greyish deposit. Specify the causative agent of this disease:
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A 65-year-old male patient complains about crepitation and clicking in both temporomandibular joints, pain induced by displacement of the lower jaw to the right, ear noise, dry mouth, glossalgia. He has been using complete removable prosthesis of the lower jaw for 6 months. The patient denies rheumatosis. Objectively: the lower third of face is shortened, mental fold is strongly pronounced, mouth corners are lowered, angular fissures and cracks are also present. Palpation reveals crepitatnt rale observed during TMJ moving. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 40-year-old patient complains about a long-existing fissure in the central part of red border of his lower lip. He has been smoking since he was 16. Objectively: there is a deep 1,0 cm long fissure along the median line of red border of the lower lip, the fissure edges are bulging. Characteristic quality of the fissure is its spontaneous healing, but after epi-thelization the fissure recurs. The patient was diagnosed with chronic fissure of the lower lip. Conservative treatment proved to be ineffective. Choose the most appropriate treatment method in this situation:
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A 52-year-old patient complains about teeth mobility, gingival hemorrhage. The 44, 45, 34, 35 teeth present with I degree mobility, the 43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33 teeth present with II-degree of teeth mobility. There is gingival edema, parodontal pouches are 5-6 mm deep. X-ray picture shows destruction of bone tissue by 1/2 of root length. A dentist made a diagnosis: generalized periodontitis of median severity. What orthopaedic construction is the most efficient in this situation?
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A victim got a face and temporal region trauma. A doctor made a diagnosis: fracture of malar arch. What processes of cranial bones are injured?
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A 28-year-old patient had to undergo extraction of the 46 tooth under Weisbrem's apodactylic mandibular anaesthesia. What is the target site of the anaesthetic solution injection?
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A 7-year-old child sustained a sport injury. He complains about pain in the region of mandible, inability to join his teeth. Pressing against the chin causes intensification of pain in the region of mandible on the right. The child is diagnosed with a fracture of mandible body without fragment displacement. What therapeutic tactics should be chosen in order to prevent the displacement of bone fragments in the transitional dentition?
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A 44-year-old patient complains about the astringent sensation in the upper jaw incisors, which appeared 1,5 years ago. Objectively: the most convex part of the vestibular surfaces of the 12, 11, 21, 22 crowns has roundish defects with smooth, shiny, dense surface, that reach dentine in depth. The depth of defects is gradually decreasing from the centre to the periphery. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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During the planned oral cavity sanitation an 11,5-year-old girl complained about periodic spontaneous chilalgia during food intake. Objectively: mucous membrane of lips is hyperemic, edematic and dry. During talking one can observe small drops of mucous secretion. Make the provisionaldiagnosis:
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A 38-year-old patient consulted a dentist about aching pain in the region of the 48 tooth that is getting worse when biting down on food. Body temperature rise up to 37,6°C and aggravation of general condition is present. Objectively: insignificant swelling of retromolar region as well as hyperaemia of mucous membrane. The 48 tooth is covered with occlusal pad. It is painful on palpation. Purulent discharges are present. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A patient ordered metal-ceramic crowns for the 11, 12 teeth. Block anaesthesia was performed before preparation. In a few minutes the patient felt anxiety, tinnitus, abdominal pain, giddiness. Breathing is hurried, pulse is rapid, AP is 60/40 mm Hg. What aid should be rendered to the patient in the first place?
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A 40-year-old female patient complains about crepitation and pain in the region of TMJ projection on the right, that arise in the final stage of mouth opening. Articular sounds turned up after dental prosthetics. Mouth opening is unlimited, mouth is opened in a straight path, amplitude of mouth opening is 5 cm. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 73-year-old patient consults a dental orthopaedist about total edentia. Objectively: there is insignificant regular atrophy of the alveolar process of mandible, the process is covered with mucous membrane of moderate elasticity. According to Keller's classification, such manifestations are characteristic for the folowing type of edentulous jaw:
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An 18-year-old patient complains about ulceration in the oral cavity, spontaneous bleeding of mucous membrane, pain during food intake and talking, nosebleeds. He has a history of: aggravation of general condition, weakness, body temperature rise up to 39°C', headache, joint pain. What method of diagnostics should be applied to confirm the diagnosis?
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A 14-year-old girl complains about an aesthetic defect in form of white spots on her teeth. Fluorine concentration in the drinking water in the area of her residence is 2 mg/l. Objectively: vestibular surfaces of all teeth are covered with ill-defined white spots. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 42-year-old patient consulted a dentist about intense lancinating paroxysmal pain accompanied by a sensation of current passage in the region of her upper lip on the right. Pain attacks occur spontaneously and last 35 minutes. The patient usually has 2-3 attacks a day. The patient is unable to establish the cause of this disease. Examination of her oral cavity revealed no pathological changes. Oral cavity is sanitated. Test orthopantomogram shows an impacted supernumerary 13 tooth. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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