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KROK 2 Dentistry 2011 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2011 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 45-year-old female patient complains of a slightly painful, tumourlike formation in the right parotid region that appeared two months ago for no apparent reason. The patient notes weakness, occasional body temperature rise up to 37, 2°C - 37,6°C. Two weeks ago she underwent the anti-inflammatory therapy which did not have positive effect. Objectively: the face is asymmetric due to a minor swelling in the right parotid region. Palpation reveals a roundish dense and elastic formation with even contours, it is slightly painful, not adherent to the skin. Incisive canal exudes a small amount of transparent saliva. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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An 8,5-year-old child is apparently healthy. The child complains about pain in an upper tooth on the left caused by traumatic injury sustained three hours ago. Objectively: the crown part of the 21 tooth is destroyed by 1/2, the pulp is red and significantly exposed, probing causes acute pain and bleeding. Percussion of the 21 tooth is extremely painful. Choose the most efficient treatment method of the 21 tooth:
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A 23-year-old patient complains about root exposition, gingival hemorrhage during tooth brushing, gum itch. Objectively: there is supragingival and subgingival dental calculus. Gums are hyperaemic, edematic, pouches are 3,5 mm deep. X-ray picture shows resorption of interalveolar septa by 1/3. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 14-year-old child complains about acute spontaneous spasmodic pain in an upper jaw tooth on the right. The pain has been lasting for 3 days, it is throbbing, irradiating to the temple, getting worse at night. Objectively: surface of the 15 tooth exhibits a carious cavity within parapulpar dentine. Dentine is softened, of greyish colour. Probing of the whole cavity floor is painful, percussion of the 15 tooth is painless. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 12-year-old boy complains of severe pain caused by cold food in the 11 tooth. A day before he had a crown break off of the 11 tooth. Examination revealed an oblique fracture of the 11 tooth crown with the opening of the tooth cavity, probing causes acute pain, comparative percussion is painful, there is minor tooth mobility. What treatment should be administered?
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A gravida (36 weeks) complains of gingival hemorrhages and excessive plaque despite a thorough hygienic care of oral cavity. Objectively: gingival papilla and marginal gingival edge are spongiose, bleeding when touched. Fedorov-Volodkina's hygiene indexis 3,7 points. What kind of toothpaste should be recommended to this patient after the professional oral hygiene?
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A girl is 13 years old. She lives in an area where fluoride concentration in the drinking water is at the rate of 1,6 mg/l. Dental examination revealed some chalklike spots on the vestibular surfaces of all her teeth. The white coloration is more intense in the cenre and less on the periphery. There is light-brown pigmentation in the region of the central incisors along the cutting edge. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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An 8-year-old child is found to have convex facil profile, forced closing of lips, sagittal gap of 7 mm. Eschler-Bittner test produces some face improvement. This abnormality can be eliminated by means of Frankel type regulator. What is the mechanism of action of this device?
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A 40-year-old patient has been given anesthesia, immediately after which he developed severe weakness, heart palpitation. Objectively: the patient is conscious, inert, skin is markedly hyperemic, there is acute headache, AP is 180/100 mm Hg, heart sounds are muffled. What state is it?
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A completely edentulous 70-year-old patient has ordered complete removable dentures. Artificial teeth are placed upon the spherical surface. Close teeth contact by movements of the lower jaw will be guaranteed by the following average radius of the spherical surface:
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A 13-year-old girl has presented with gingival hemorrhage and mobility of the front teeth over the last month. Objectively: gingival mucosa around the lower incisors and canines is edematous, hyperemic, bleeds on touch. There is grade l tooth mobility, periodontal pockets are 3 mm deep. Orthopantomogram shows the resorption of interalveolar septa by 1/3 of their height. There is crowding of the lower front teeth. Hygiene index is 4,2. The patient has to consult the following specialist:
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A 13-year-old girl has been experiencing gingival hemorrhages and frontal teeth mobility throughout the last month. Objectively: gingival mucous membrane in the region of lower incisors and canines is edematic, hyperemic, it bleeds on touch. These teeth present with I degree mobility, parodontal pouches are 3 mm deep. Orthopantomogram shows reduction of bone tissue of interalveolar septa by 1/3 of their height. Frontal teeth of the lower jaw are overcrowded. Hygiene index is 4,2. What local treatment should be provided in the first place?
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A 65-year-old patient complains of a break off of three front artificial porcelain teeth of the removable denture fabricated 2 months ago. In what way are the porcelain teeth linked with the plastic denture base?
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A 47-year-old patient complains of persistent ache in the 27 tooth, that gets worse when biting. Objectively: skin colour is normal, the face is symmetrical, the mouth opens without any difficulties, alveolar mucosa at the level of 27 tooth is edematous and hyperemic. The 27 tooth presents a deep carious cavity communicating with the pulp chamber. Percussion of the 27 tooth causes acute pain. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A patient complains of "clicking"in the TMJ. On auscultation, the sounds can be heard in the middle and at the beginning of mouth opening. These signs give evidence of:
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A 32-year-old patient presented to a clinic for takingof an upper jaw impression. During this procedure she choked with a piece of impression material, there was risk of asphyxia. What are the first-priority actions within emergency care?
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A 32-year-old 3-month pregnant patient presented to the prosthodontics clinic for the prosthetics. Objectively: the 16 tooth is missing. It is planned to fabricate a dental bridge supported by the 15 and 17 teeth. The patient was gi- ven an anaesthetic of articaine group "Ultracain DS" The orthopaedist chose this anaesthetic because:
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A patient consulted a dental surgeon about extraction of the roots of the 36 tooth. The tooth decayed long ago. Objectively: the crown of the 36 is destroyed by 2/3, percussion is painless, mucosa around the 36 tooth exhibits no evident pathological changes. X-ray picture of the alveolar process shows a roundish well-defined radiolucency near the apex of the medial root. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 52-year-old patient complains about teeth mobility, gingival hemorrhage. The 44, 45, 34, 35 teeth present with I degree mobility, the 43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33 teeth present with II-degree of teeth mobility. There is gingival edema, parodontal pouches are 5-6 mm deep. X-ray picture shows destruction of bone tissue by 1/2 of root length. A dentist made a diagnosis: generalized periodontitis of median severity. What orthopaedic construction is the most efficient in this situation?
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A victim got a face and temporal region trauma. A doctor made a diagnosis: fracture of malar arch. What processes of cranial bones are injured?
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A 7-year-old child sustained a sport injury. He complains about pain in the region of mandible, inability to join his teeth. Pressing against the chin causes intensification of pain in the region of mandible on the right. The child is diagnosed with a fracture of mandible body without fragment displacement. What therapeutic tactics should be chosen in order to prevent the displacement of bone fragments in the transitional dentition?
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At the end of the reception hours a dental surgeon has to fill in the stomatological forms. Name the form of everyday reporting on children dental reception:
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A patient has orthopaedic indications for the 37 tooth extraction. What kind of anaesthesia should be given to this patient before the extraction?
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On removing a dental plaque, a 19-year-old patient is found to have two white patches in the precervical region of the 11 and 21 teeth. After drying the patches increase in size. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 27-year-old patient has been referred for endodontic treatment on the 45 tooth. Objectively: the tooth crown is decayed, the lateral surface of tongue and cheek mucosa being in direct contact with the 45 tooth are covered with grayish plaques of macerated epithelium that are somewhat raised above the surface of the mucous membrane. Uvula and palatine arches are of dark red colour, and the hard palate has papules with a red rim and covered with grayish epithelium. Submandibular, cervical, supraclavicular, subclavicular lymph nodes are enlarged, painless. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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Examination of a 6-year-old boy revealed enlarged lymph nodes in both submandibular and cervical regions. Objectively: the 75, 84 and 85 teeth are decayed, there are presentations of commissural cheilitis. According to the boy's mother, he has been quickly getting tired, sweating from the least physical exercise, complaining about weakness throughout the last 2-3 months. He also gave up training in a sports class. What plan of additional examination should be adopted?
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A child was born with schistasis of alveolar process, hard and soft palate. The optimal way to feed the child before the surgery will be through:
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A 32-year-old patient complains about pain and swelling in the region of his mandible and left cheek. He has been suffering from this for 2 days. Objectively: his general condition is satisfactory. Body temperature is 37,5°C. There is an edema of soft tissues in the left buccal region. Submandibular lymph nodes are bilaterally enlarged, painful on palpation. Crown of the 37 tooth is partially decayed, the tooth is immobile, percussion is slightly painful. Mucogingival fold in the region of the 37 tooth is edematic, hyperaemic, flattened, its palpation causes acute pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 7-year-old child presents withf facial asymmetry, severe pain in the lower jaw on the left, body temperature rise up to 39,0°C. Objectively: the face is asymmetric due to the massive swelling of soft tissues in the mandibular region on the left. The skin over the infiltration is hyperemic and cannot be plicated. Mouth opening is limited, painful. The crown of the 75 tooth is destroyed by 2/3, the tooth exhibits the grade II mobility. Percussion of the 36 tooth is painful, the 75 tooth -painless. Edema and fluctuation of soft tissues on the buccal and lingual sides of these teeth are present. What measures are to be taken in the first place?
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A 42-year-old patient complains of a cavity in the 26 tooth. Objectively: the 26 tooth exhibits a deep carious cavity, dentine is dense, pigmented, there is pain reaction to a cold stimulus, percussion and probing are painless. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A 12-year-old boy repeatedly visits a dentist to finish treatment of the 36 tooth for the exacerbation of chronic periodontitis. The complaints are absent. Objectively: occlusive dressing on the 36 tooth is preserved, tooth percussion is pai-nlessl, mucous membrane of the 36 has no pathological changes, is painless on palpation. What material should be used for root canal filling in this case?
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A 63-year-old patient requires a full-arch denture for the upper jaw. Objectively: the 18, 17, 16, 15, 25, 26, 27 teeth are missing, the gag reflex is not marked, the torus is of average size. In order to avoid possible inconvenience while using the denture, the arch should be located at the following distance from the palatine fossae:
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A 3-year-old patient presented to the prosthetic dentistry clinic for the traumatic loss of an upper central incisor. The patient hasn't undergone prosthetics before. He has a history of asthma. What are the first-priority measures of bronchospasm prevention?
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A 47-year-old patient complains of pain in the lateral part of mandible to the left of the toungue edge, which is caused by tongue movements. Two days ago the patient was provided with claspps' fixation a partial removable clasp denture for the 47, 42, 33 teeth. Retroalveolar region of the mucous membraneis exhibits a localized hyperemic area matching the edge of the denture. Which muscle contractions demarcate the boundary in this region?
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A 40-year-old female patient complains about crepitation and pain in the region of TMJ projection on the right, that arise in the final stage of mouth opening. Articular sounds turned up after dental prosthetics. Mouth opening is unlimited, mouth is opened in a straight path, amplitude of mouth opening is 5 cm. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 40-year-old patient needs the oral cavity sanation, which involves extraction of the upper central incisors. What nerve structure will be blocked as a result of incisor anaesthesia?
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A maxillofacial surgery department admitted a patient with a half-open mouth, his chin was put forward and deviated to the right. On palpation, the left mandibular fossa was found to be empty. Internal palpation failed to detect the left articular head. Mandibular movements were possible but restricted. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 68-year-old patient with compensated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus had to spend 8 hours at a hospital. Within this time he didn't eat and was nervous. The patient became aggressive, pale and sweaty, then he lost consciousness. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Rising from a chair after a dental procedure, a 60-year-old patient felt retrosternal pain radiating to the left arm, nausea, weakness. Objectively: the patient is pale, his face is sweaty. AP is 90/60 mm Hg, pulse is arrhythmic, of poor volume, 100/min. Heart sounds are muffled, vesicular breathing is present. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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During the cystectomy involving resection of the root apices of the 11, 21 and 22 teeth a 45-year-old patient developed skin pallor and cyanosis, a cold sweat, a sharp drop in blood pressure (70/40 mm Hg). The patient is conscious but complains of weakness. What state has been developed?
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