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KROK 2 Dentistry 2012 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2012 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 56-year-old patient presents to a dental clinic. He has an indication for the extraction of the 22 tooth. Examination revealed periosteal abscess in the projection of the 21, 22, 23 teeth, flattening of the mucogingival junction. What kind of peripheral conduction anaesthesia is most advisable?
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A 33-year-old patient complains about pain, gingival hemorrhage, halitosis, body temperature rise up to 37,8°C. Objectively: gums are apparently hyperaemic, edematic, bleed easily, parodontal pouches are 34 mm deep, and contain purulent exudate. Orthopantomogram shows diffuse osteoporosis of alveolar process, resorption of interdental septa down to 1/3 of their height. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 43-year-old patient consulted a maxillofacial surgeon about a cosmetic defect in the right half of his nose. It is known from the history that 7 months ago he got a gunshot wound. Objectively: there is a perforating defect 1,5 x2 cm large in the right half of the nose. The skin around the defect has not changed in colour. It was decided to use the "Indi-an"method of rhinoplasty. What tissue should be taken for the defect correction?
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A 21-year-old patient complains of constant progressing throbbing pain in the 27 tooth. Objectively: a large carious cavity is filled with softened dentin, the tooth cavity is closed. Probing of the cavity floor is painless, percussion causes acute pain, there is grade II tooth mobility. Palpation of the mucous membrane in the projection of the root apex of the 27 tooth causes pain. Radiological changes are absent. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 25-year-old patient got a trauma in the chin region. On the basis of X-ray he was diagnosed with bilateral mental fracture of mandible. Specify the direction of displacement of the minor fragment:
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2 days ago a 12-year-old patient prsented with body temperature rise up to 38,0°C, on the second day he developed a bilateral edema in the parotid region. The skin over the edema was tense, of normal color. Palpation revealed soft, enlarged, painful parotid salivary glands. Salivation from the parotid ducts was abnormal, the duct orifices were hyperaemic. Palpation caused pain in the angle of mandible, at the top of mastoid bone, in front of the antilobium. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 38-year-old patient with chronic generalized periodontitis has been referred to orthopedic treatment. Objectively: dentitions are without gaps, the 12, 11, 21, 22 teeth are pulpless and exhibit I grade mobility. The other teeth are stable. What is the most aesthetic splint for the anterior teeth?
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A 42-year-old patient has been hospitalized with Le Fort II fracture of maxilla. Select an appliance for the treatment of this patient:
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An 8-year-old child presents with an edema of the submandibular region, the mouth can be opened by 1,5 cm, further opening is difficult, body temperature is 37,6°C, mucogingival fold is vestibularly flattened, hyperaemic and swollen. The 84 and 85 teeth have fillings, their percussion is painless. The 84 tooth exhibits I degree mobility. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 43-year-old patient complains about mobility of lower jaw teeth. Objectively: the dentition is intact. Tooth mobility is of I-II grade. It is planned to immobilize teeth by means of a removable splint common for the whole dentition. What stabilization will be provided by means of this splint?
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A patient needs a clasp denture for the lower jaw. Objectively: dental formula is 31, 32, 33, 34, 41, 42, 43, 44. The 44 totoh is inclined toward the cheek. What type of Ney's clasp should be used?
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A 17-year-old man complains of a cosmetic defect in form of light spots on the teeth. In the area of his residence the fluoride concentration in drinking water is at the rate of 1 mg/l. Objectively: vestibular surface of the 11,12, 21, 22, and tubercles of the 16, 26, 36 and 46 teeth have chalky spots with shiny surface that have been present since the time of eruption. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 65-year-old patient complains about unsatisfactory fixation of complete removable lamellar denture of his upper jaw. The denture was fabricated 6 years ago. Objectively: balancing and poor fixation of complete removable denture is present. What is the reason of such condition?
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A patient complains of heaviness in the left section of his head, pain in the 26 tooth. Objectively: the crown of the 26 tooth is destroyed by 2/3 by caries, the tooth percussion is weakly positive. X-ray picture of paranasal sinuses shows definite unilateral dome-shaped veiling of the upper left maxillary sinus. On the X-ray picture of the 26 tooth the periodontal fissure at the root apex is missing. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Preventive examination of a 5-year-old child revealed half-open mouth, difficult closing of lips, primary occlusion, 4 mm sagittal gap, homonymous canines and second molars. The upper dental arch is V-shaped, the lower one is trapezoid. Both dental arches in primary occlusion should have the following shape:
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A 46-year-old patient complains about pain and bleeding from the carious cavity of her 27 tooth during eating. Previously she had spontaneous pain. Examination of the 27 tooth revealed a deep carious cavity on the masticatory surface consisting of red tissue, probing induced pain and hemorrhage. What treatment method should be chosen?
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A 25-year-old student complains of a carious cavity in the 22 tooth. The fillings fell out 2 months ago. The tooth had been treated before for pulpitis. Objectively: there is a deep carious cavity with the rests of filling on the medial surface of the 22 tooth. The crown of the 22 tooth is dirty pink. X-ray shows a root canal filled with the filling material by 1/2 of the root length; in the region of the root apex there is a well-defined focus of destruction of bone tissue 0,3x0,3 cm large. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 35-year-old patient consulted a dentist about extraction of the 14 tooth because of exacerbation of chronic periodontitis following ineffective therapeutic treatment. What tools should be applied for extraction?
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A 32-year-old patient complains of mouth soreness, body temperature rise up to 38,5°C, indisposition. Such condition has occurred periodically for several years after the patient had had a cold. Objectively: lips are covered with haemorrhagic crusts, hyperaemic mucous membrane of lips and cheeks has erosions covered with fibrinous films. Hypersalivation is present. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 25-year-old man consulted a dentist about extraction of the 18 tooth, it's crown is destroyed by 1/2. The tooth was treated more than once. During tooth extraction the maxillary tuber was accidentally torn off. What actions should be taken?
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A 10-year-old child complains of gingival pain and hemorrhage which appeared two days ago after a cold. Objectively: the gingiva is edematic, hyperaemic, bleeds easily, painful on palpation. The tips of gingival papillae are dome-shaped. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 53-year-old patient consulted a dentist about pain and an ulcer that turned up in the region of hard palate under his partial removable denture. He hasn't used the denture for three weeks, but the ulcer does not heal or reduce in size. Examination reveals a 2x1,5 cm large ulcer in the region of the alveolar process and hard palate at the level of the missing 14 tooth. The ulcer has everted rolled edges and necrotic floor, it is dense and painful. Gingival and palatal tissues around the ulcer are infiltrated. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 13-year-old girl complains about frequent falling out of a filling in the 21 tooth. It is known from the anamnesis that 2 years ago she underwent treatment on account of a dental trauma. Objectively: a transverse defect of 1/3 of the crown in the 21 tooth. Percussion is painless. Tooth colour is unchanged. X-ray picture shows that root canal is filled by 1 mm from the apex, filling material closely fits the walls of root canal. What stomatological tactics should be chosen?
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A 34-year-old male patient complains of acute spasmodic pain in the region of his upper jaw on the left that is getting worse as affected by cold stimuli. Toothache irradiates to the ear and temple. He had acute toothache of the 37 tooth one year ago, but he didn't consult a dentist. Pain recurred three days ago. Objectively: the 37 tooth has a carious cavity communicating with the dental cavity. Probing of the opened carious cavity is extremely painful. X-ray picture shows widening of periodontal fissure at the root apex of the 37 tooth. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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During tooth extraction a 32-year-old patient presented with sudden weakness, pale skin, cold sweat, weak pulse, a significant AP drop (diastolic pressure - 40 mm Hg). What complication developed in the patient?
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A patient complains about pain in the 45 tooth induced by cold, sour and sweet food stimuli. The pain abates when the stimulus action is stopped. Objectively: there is a carious cavity on the masticatory surface within mantle dentin filled with food rests and softened dentin, overhanging enamel edeges are chalky. What is the diagnosis?
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A 79-year-old female patient consulted a prosthodontist about denture replacement. The patient has a history of a stroke. Objectively: acute irregular atrophy of the alveolar processes of both jaws is present; mucous membrane of the oral cavity is dry and nonmobile. The previous dentures cannot be fixed. What is the most appropriate prosthetic construction?
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A 56-year-old patient consulted a dental surgeon about the root extraction of the 17 toot. What kind of anaesthesia should be applied?
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A 23-year-old female patient complains of a pronounced limitation of mouth opening, throat pain irradiating to the ear. Objectively: body temperature is 37,9°C. The face is symmetrical, the colour of skin has not changed. Palpation of the jaw causes acute pain, mouth opens by 1 cm. The patient had been given anasthesia by Berchet-Dubov. After it oral examination revealed an edema and hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the pterygomaxillary fold, there was an infiltration painful on palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Parents of an 8-year-old child complain about a painful formation in the child's oral cavity that obstructs food intake. The same complaints were registered two years ago. Mucous membrane of lateral tongue surface is hyperemic and edematic. There is an oval erosion over 0,7 cm large covered with yellow greyish deposit. Erosion edges are hyperemic and painful on palpation. The child has a history of chronic cholecystocholangitis. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 12-year-old child complains of body temperature rise up to 39,8°C, weakness, headache and pain in throat getting worse when swallowing. Objectively: mucous membrane of gums is edematic, hyperemic. Tonsils are bright red, hypertrophic, covered with yellow-gray deposit which does not extend beyond the lymphoid tissue and can be easily removed. Submandibular, occipital lymph nodes are significantly enlarged, slightly painful on palpation. Hepatosplenomegaly is present. Identify the causative agent of this disease:
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A 57-year-old patient complains about mobility of his metal-ceramic dental bridge supported by the 33, 37 teeth. The bridge has been in use for 9 months. Objectively: X-ray picture shows alveolar process atrophy by 2/3 in the area of the 33, and by 1/2 of root length in the area of the 37; there are pathological pockets, gingivitis. What is the cause of pathological mobility of supporting teeth?
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An orthodontist monitors a 4-year-old child with mouth breath. The child has a history of adenotomy. Objectively: primary dentition occlusion; the upper incisors overlap the lower ones by 1/3; distal surfaces of the second temporary molars are situated in the same vertical plane. What preventive device will help the child to give up the habit of mouth breath?
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A 5-year-old boy complains of a carious cavity, periodic toothache, gum swelling. Objectively: masticatory surface of the 74 tooth has a deep cavity not communicating with the tooth cavity, cold stimuli, probing and percussion are painless, mucous membrane is pale pink, there is a caicatrix from a fistula. X-ray picture shows an ill-defined focus of bone tissue destruction in the region of the roots bifurcation. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 13-year-old girl complains of toothache increasing while biting. Objectively: the 36 tooth has a deep carious cavity not communicating with the tooth cavity, the response to thermal stimuli is painless, percussion is sharply painful, mucous membrane is intact. X-ray picture shows no changes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 12-year-old patient complains of gingival hemorrhage, tooth mobility. He has has these presentations since the age of 4. Objectively: gingiva around all the teeth is hyperaemic, edematic, bleeds during instrumental examination. The teeth roots are exposed by 1/3 and covered with whitish plaque. The teeth are mobile. Dentogingival pockets are 4-5 mm deep. External examination revealed dryness and thickening of the outer layer of skin on the palms, anterior third of the forearms, soles; there are skin cracks. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 47-year-old patient came to an orthopaedic stomatology center with complaints about missing tooth in the frontal part of his upper jaw, cosmetic defect. Objectively: the occlusion is orthogenic, the 11 tooth is missing. Anamnesis data: the patient had myocardial infarction 3 months ago. What denture should be applied for the time being?
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Parents of a 6-year-old child applied to a pedodontist for preventive examination of their child. The oral cavity is sanitized. According to the parents, the child has recently cut the 36 and the 46 tooth. What method of caries prevention should be applied within 1,5-2 years after cutting of the mentioned teeth?
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A 70-year-old patient is awaiting complete removable dentures for both upper and lower jaws. Teeth placement will be made by Vasilyev's method. What teeth in the upper denture must not touch glass?
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A 20-year-old pregnant woman complains of gingival enlargement, bleeding and pain during eating and tooth brushing. Objectively: gingival papillae on the upper and lower jaw are hyperaemic, haemorrhagic, painfu, cover the crowns of teeth by 1/2. Scalloped contours of marginal gingiva are abnormal. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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