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KROK 2 Dentistry 2015 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2015 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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After examination a 5-year-old child was diagnosed with acute general pulpitis of the 7 tooth. What treatment will be most efficient in this case?
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A 55-year-old female patient complains of pain during eating food, erosions covering oral mucosa. The disease onset was more than one month ago. Objectively: the mucosa of the gums, soft palate and dental arches is unchanged, but has large bright-red erosions. The mucosa is easily damaged and exfoliates when rubbed. The pain is slight. Impression smears contain Tzanck cells. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 17-year-old female patient complains of gingival growth in the area of the upper and lower front teeth. When examined, the gingival papilla appear to be hyperemic, swollen, cover the teeth crowns up to 1/2, bleed when touched. Pathology of the following system is important in etiology of this disease:
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A 48-year-old male patient complains of itching gums. Objectively: the gums are firm; cold water causes short-time pain in the teeth. X-ray imaging shows osteosclerosis of the alveolar septum: close-meshed bone structure, the alveolar septum height and intactness of the cortical plates is retained. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A patient complains of spontaneous, paroxysmal, irradiating pain with short pain-free intervals. The pain arose 2 days ago and occurs only at night. Make a provisional diagnosis:
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A 34-year-old patient had got in a car accident. The patient stayed conscious. He complains of headache, dizziness, general weakness, nausea. 12 hours after the injury the patient got "raccoon eyes"(periorbital haematomas) within the limits of the circular muscle of eye. What fracture does the victim have?
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In the process of root extraction of the 38th tooth with Lecluse root elevator a dentist has pushed the root through into the perimandi-bular soft tissues. The root is situated under the alveolar arch mucosa and can be clearly palpated. What approach should the doctor choose in the given case?
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An 8-year-old girl complains of bleeding gums. The child suffers from pancreatic diabetes. Objectively: gingival papillas in the area of the upper and lower jaw teeth are hyperemic, swollen, cover 1/3 of the crown. What tests are necessary to determine severity of the illness?
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A 47-year-old female patient complains of inability to eat hot and cold food, as well as of intense pain caused by sour, sweet and salty food. Objectively: there is a slight loss of enamel on the molars and incisors. Probing and cold test cause acute pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 36-year-old patient complains of pain under the dental bridge. After its removal the patient has been found to have an ulcer 0,3x0,5 cm large on the alveolar process. The ulcer is slightly painful and soft, the surrounding mucosa is hyperaemic, submandibular lymph nodes are not enlarged. What is a provisional diagnosis?
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A 45-year-old female patient presents to a dental clinic for prosthetics. Objectively: the 47, 46, 45, 35, 36, 37 teeth are missing. There is dentoalveolar vertical displacement of the 17, 16, 26, 27 teeth; the alveolar process is hypertrophied, the cervical margins are not exposed. When the teeth are closed, the distance between the occlusal surfaces of teeth and the alveolar process is about 6 mm. Specify the most efficient method of treatment of secondary deformation in this patient:
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A 58-year-old patient has made an appointment to make a denture. Objectively: the 22nd tooth is stable and intact. The alveolar crest is atrophied; palate is flat. Removable denture is to be made. What approach regarding the 22nd tooth should be chosen by a dentist?
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A 35-year-old patient has made an appointment with a doctor to have oral cavity sanation. Objectively: the vestibular surface of the 22nd tooth has a hard tissue defect localised in the mantle dentin; the dentin is hard, dark-coloured, the floor of the cavity is coarse. Cold stimulus and probing are painless. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 12-year-old boy complains of a cavity in a tooth on the lower left jaw. Objectively: 1/3 of the 36th tooth is destroyed, the carious cavity opens into the dental cavity; there is sensitivity to cold stimulus; probing and percussion are painless. X-ray imaging shows the periodontal fissure of the 36th tooth roots to be widened. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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An 11-year-old girl complains of a cosmetic defect: the placement of the 23rd tooth is incorrect. Objectively: the face is symmetrical. The 24th tooth has buccal placement above the occlusion area. The space between the 22nd and 24th is 3 mm. What additional examination is required?
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A 48-year-old female patient had been delivered to a hospital with a cheek wound and severe headache, nausea, dizziness. It is known from the history that the patient had got a trauma as a result of a fall. After examination she was diagnosed with a contused lacerated wound of cheek, closed craniocerebral injury, brain concussion. This trauma can be qualified as:
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Parents of a 6-year-old child are concerned about their child refusing to eat and having grey-and-yellow coating in the oral cavity. The symptoms are observed over a period of one year. The child complains of sharp dryness and burning pain in the mouth. The anamnesis states chronic bronchitis and systematic treatment using anitibiotics. Objectively: swollen and hyperemic mucous membranes of lips and cheeks are covered in yellow and pale-grey coating. There is coating on the tongue, which is connected with the tissue, cannot be removed and has infiltration basis. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 24-year-old female patient has Richmond crown being made to restore the crown of the central maxillar incisor. The cap is completed. What step should be the next?
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A patient complaining of constant dull pain in the 38th tooth has made an appointment with a dentist. Mouth opening is restricted to 1 sm. The patient is prescribed the extraction of the 38th tooth. What kind of anaesthesia should be administered?
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A 67-year-old patient complains of recurrent erosion on the red border of the lower lip. Objectively: the erosion is oval in shape, 0,8х1,3 sm in size, covered in thin scabs that reveal glossy surface with punctate bleeding when removed. There are atrophic areas of the red border detected. Infiltration elements are absent. The submandibular lymph nodes are not enlarged. What diagnosis can be assumed?
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A 66-year-old patient complains of dense raised induration at the tip of the nose. Protruding part of the induration often breaks off and then continues to grow. Objectively: there is an affected area with focus up to 1 sm in diameter at the tip of the nose. There is a protrusion growing from the focus; the protrusion is 1-1,2 sm high, brownish-grey in colour, with dense consistency. What diagnosis can be assumed?
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A 53-year-old patient complains of pain and clicking in the left temporomandibular joint. Objectively: the face is symmetrical, palpation of the lateral pterygoid muscles is painful on the left side. Mouth opening is restricted. Tomogram shows the bone outline of joint surfaces to be smooth. Which disease of those given below corresponds with this clinical presentation?
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A 38-year-old male patient complains of carious cavity. Prior to that there were attacks of toothache with no external cause. Objectively: the distal masticatory surface of the 37th tooth has deep carious cavity filled with softened pigmented dentine. Percussion is painless. Upon the extraction of the degenerated tissue cold water stimulus causes pain lasting about 1 minute. X-ray imaging shows deformation of the periodontal fissure in the area of the root apexes of the 37th tooth. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 32-year-old male patient complains of dryness and burning pain in the back of the tongue. The symptoms have been lasting for 1 week. The pain increases when spicy food is taken. A day prior to that the patient had suffered from pneumonia and had been taking antibiotics. Objectively: the skin and mucosa of oral cavity are pale. The tongue mucosa is hyperemic and swollen; there is crumbling grey-and-white coating in the folds of the back of the tongue; the lateral surfaces of the tongue are desquamated. The saliva is thick and drags in threads after a spatula. Choose the most effective drug complex for topical treatment.
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A 37-year-old woman has made an appointment to extraxt the 25th tooth. What kind of anaesthesia is the most advisable?
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A 70-year-old patient with all his lower jaw teeth lost is undergoing the process of fitting individual dental spoon using Herbst tests. When the mouth is opened slowly the spoon rises in the front area. What area requires correction of the spoon placement?
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Preventive examination of a 4,5-year-old child revealed some hidden cavities on the contact surfaces of the 54 and 55 teeth. After removal of the overhanging edges of the enamel the softened dentin could be easily removed with an excavator within the mantle dentin. Select the optimal material for a permanent filling:
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A 38-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of the external auditory meatus projection, clicking when opening the mouth, sensation of stuffiness in the ears. Objectively: the face is symmetric, the trajectory of mouth opening is straight. There is a I class Kennedy defect, the 18,1716,26,27,28 teeth are missing. Which anatomical structure takes the greatest load in this situation?
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An 11-year-old child complains of pain and bleeding gums when eating, bad breath, weakness and headache that have been lasting for two days. Objectively: gingival mucosa in the area of front lower teeth is swollen, brightly hyperemic, easily bleeds when touched. Gingival papillas are covered with dirty-grey coating; when coating is removed the underlaying surface is bleeding and painful. The occlusion is deep. There are significant deposits of soft dental plaque. The regional lymph nodes are slightly enlarged and painful when palpated. Body temperature is 37,6°C. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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An 18-year-old student needs prosthetic porcelain-fused-to-metal denture for the 11, 21 teeth. There are no contraindications for the use of such construction. What is the most appropriate material for taking impressions?
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A 67-year-old patient complains of pain, bleeding, chewing disorder. The anamnesis states domestic injuri of the lower jaw. Objectively: the upper jaw dentition is retained. The lower jaw has no teeth, there is central fracture of the lower jaw with bone defect, the place of the fracture is swollen. What construction is the most advisable in this case?
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A 22-year-old patient complains of a painful swelling in the right parotid gland. A week earlier the patient got a cheek abrasion which healed under the purulent crust. Over the past two days the patient had observed progressing pain and fever up to 38,6°C. Objectively: there is a soft tissue edema in the right parotid region, the skin is slightly strained but has not changed in colour. There is a dense painful infiltration 2,5x3,5 cm large, the skin over it exhibits limited mobility. The mouth can be fully opened, the mucous membrane around the orifice of the salivary duct is unchanged, the saliva is transparent. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 44-year-old patient complains of painful and restricted mouth closing, inability to take food and sharp pain in the temporomandibular joint. Objectively: the mouth is half-open, the lower jaw is displaced in the distal projection, the lower jaw processes are displaced upwards; trismus of the masticatory muscles and swelling in the temporomandibular joint areas are observed. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 58-year-old patient has significantly narrowed mouth opening due to trauma and burns of the face. He is prescribed partial removable denture. What denture construction is the most advisable in the given case?
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A 40-year-old patient complains of pain in the lower jaw, malocclusion. He sustained a trauma 6 hours ago. Examination revealed a singular lower jaw fracture between the second incisor and the left canine. Fragments displacement is insignificant. All teeth are retained and stable. What is the optimal treatment?
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Having recovered from acute respiratory disease, a patient has made an appointment with a dentist. The patient complains of pain in the gums, bad breath, inability to take food, general weakness. Objectively: the gums are hyperemic, swollen, covered in necrotic dirty-grey coating; the gums bleed when the coating is removed. Microbiological study of tissues revealed a great number of cocci, bacilli, fusobacteria, and spirochaete. Specify the drug for etiotropic treatment.
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A 4-year-old boy has been diagnosed with acute purulent periostitis of the upper jaw from the 64th tooth. Choose the correct approach in treatment.
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During the examinations and everyday orthopaedic manipulations a dentist uses a dental mirror. What is the way of its sterilization?
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A 45-year-old patient has central defect of the hard palate. The defect is 2х3 sm in size. Dentition is intact. What construction of obturator is the most advisable in this case?
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A 32-year-old patient presented to a prosthetic dentistry clinic with a diagnosis of maxillary fracture.The fracture can be treated by means of standard maxillo-mandibular Zbarzh set. Which construction provides the intra-oral fixation?
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