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KROK 2 Dentistry 2016 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2016 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A patient complains of dull ache in the 16 tooth, which occurs during eating cold food. Anamnesis: the tooth had been filled due to deep caries, the filling was lost 1 year ago. Objectively: a deep carious cavity that does not penetrate the tooth cavity is present; percussion is painless, probing is painful along the whole floor of the carious cavity. Electric pulp test - 50 microamperes. Thermodiagnosis is painful. Make the diagnosis:
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A patient complains of acute short-term toothache caused by thermal and chemical irritants. The tooth has not been treated before, the pain arose about a month ago. Objectively: on the occlusal surface of the 36 tooth there is a deep carious cavity within circumpulpal dentin with overhanging chalky enamel. Probing of the cavity floor causes slight pain. There is also short-term pain from the cold stimulus. The result of electric pulp test is 8 microamperes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 65-year-old patient needs complete removable dentures for both jaws. At the stage of "testing the denture construction" the doctor checks the pronunciation of sounds "S" and "Z". Which method of normalization of speech functions should be applied in this case?
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A 7,5-year-old boy fell down on his face and damaged his front maxillary teeth. Objectively: the crowns of the 11 and 12 teeth are destroyed by 1/4. The tooth cavity is closed. Probing causes pain along the break-off line, percussion of the 11 and 12 teeth causes no pain response. Mucosa around the 11 and 12 teeth is slightly hyperemic. Radiograph of the 11 and 12 teeth shows intactness of the dental tissues and alveolar process. What tactics of a dentist would be optimal in the first hours after the injury?
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A 56-year-old man complains of pain in the left parotid-masticatory area and progressing facial asymmetry first noticed one month ago. The diagnosis is the cancer of parotid gland - T2N2. What method of treatment is optimal in the given case?
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A 20-year-old male patient complains of acute pain during eating, bad breath, general weakness. Objectively: interdental papillae and marginal gingiva are covered with dirty gray film, any touch is painful. The body temperature is of 37,5°C. Blood count: RBC- 4, 8 × 1012/l, Hb- 150 g/l, colour index - 0,9, WBC- 10, 5 × 109/l, JG- 2%, BASO- 1%, EOS- 5%, segmented neut. - 8%, stabs - 47%, LYM- 35%, PLT- 250 × 109/l. ESR - 20 mm/hour. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 68-year-old patient, having suffered from stroke, suffers from periodical bouts of retching, which lead to unilateral dislocation of the temporormandibular joint. Setting the joint was possible only with anesthesia. Objectively the following teeth are absent: from the 21 to the 28, 15, 16, 17, 18, 36, 37, 44, 46, 47. What kind of denture construction will be optimal for the duration of treatment?
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A 9-year-old child complains of pain in the left mandibular molar that occurs during eating. The masticatory surface of the 75 tooth exhibits a carious cavitiy filled with softened dentin and localized within parapulpar dentin. The cavity communicates with the tooth cavity. Probing at the site of communication causes acute pain and moderate bleeding. Percussion of the tooth causes no pain response. Radiography revaled no periodontal alterations in the 75 tooth. Select the method of treatment:
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A 40-year-old patient complains of fever up to 38°C, and a roundish infiltration on the upper lip. Objectively: the upper lip on the left exhibits a round infiltrate, the overlying skin is deep crimson. The infiltrate adheres to the surrounding tissues and has a necrotic core in the center. The upper lip is hyperemic, edematous. What diagnosis can be made?
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A 25-year-old patient received a trauma to the chin region. On the basis of X-ray he was diagnosed with bilateral mental fracture of mandible. Specify the direction of displacement of the minor fragment:
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A 38-year-old patient with chronic generalized periodontitis has been referred to orthopedic treatment. Objectively: dentitions are without gaps, the 12, 11, 21, 22 teeth are pulpless and exhibit I grade mobility. The other teeth are stable. What is the most aesthetic splint for the anterior teeth?
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A 42-year-old patient has been hospitalized with Le Fort II fracture ofmaxilla. Select an appliance for the treatment of this patient:
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A 25-year-old patient complains of brief pain attacks during eating sweet, hot or cold food. Objectively: on the contact surface of the 36 tooth there is a carious cavity within parapulpar dentin. The dentin is softened. Probing of the cavity is painful. Vertical and horizontal percussion is painless. Electric pulp test - 9 microamperes. What diagnosis is most likely?
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A 39-year-old patient suffers from microstomia. What impression tray should be used?
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In a prostodontic clinic a partial laminar denture for the upper jaw is being made for a 53-year-old patient. Objectively: dental formula is 14, 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27. The teeth are firm, clinical crowns are tall with pronounced equator. X-ray shows no periapical changes in the periodontium of the abutment teeth. What clammer fixation is optimal for this patient?
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An intradental splint for the 33, 32, 31, 41, 42, 43 teeth is being made for a 50-year-old patient. During its installation in the oral cavity hemorrhage occurred from the 41 tooth root canal. What caused the hemorrhage?
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A 34-year-old male patient complains of acute spasmodic pain in the region of his upper jaw on the left that is aggravating when affected by cold stimuli. Toothache irradiates to the ear and temple. He had acute toothache of the 37 tooth one year ago, but he did not consult a dentist. Pain recurred three days ago. Objectively: the 37 tooth has a carious cavity communicating with the dental cavity. Probing of the opened carious cavity is extremely painful. X-ray picture shows widening of periodontal fissure at the root apex of the 37 tooth. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 79-year-old female patient consulted a prosthodontist about denture replacement. The patient has a history of a stroke. Objectively: acute irregular atrophy of the alveolar processes of both jaws is present; mucous membrane of the oral cavity is dry and nonmobile. The previous dentures cannot be fixed. What is the most appropriate prosthetic construction?
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A 56-year-old patient complains of frequent breakage of the basis of the partial laminar denture of the upper jaw. Objectively: only the 23 tooth is retained on the upper jaw. Cracks in the deture basis appear in the area of the 23 tooth. What should be done to reinforce the denture basis?
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A patronage nurse visited a newborn baby. Examination revealed the shortened lower part of the face, the backward-sloping chin, missing teeth, the retroposed lower jaw. What is the number of dental follicles in each jaw of a newborn baby?
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A 47-year-old patient complains of a burning sensation and pain in the mouth. Objectively: on the mucous membrane of cheeks along the line of teeth contact and in the corners of mouth there are multiple polygonal bright red erosions 1,0-1,5 cm in diameter located on the hyperkeratinized plaque and opaque whitish mucosa. Cytological analysis revealed keratinizing epithelial cells. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 27-year-old female patient consulted a dentist about pain in the 35 tooth. The pain is caused by cold stimuli and quickly abates after the stimulus is removed. Objectively: in the cervical region of the 35 tooth there is a dental tissue defect within the enamel. The defect has white crumbling edges. Electroexcitability of the pulp was 5 mkA. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 27-year-old female patient has her 26 tooth cavity accidentially breached along the mesial buccal line angle during treatment of acute deep caries of the 26. Choose the optimal method of treatment:
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A 55-year-old patient consulted a dentist about a roundish tumour-like formation of about 1 cm in diameter located within the vermilion border of his lower lip. Objectively: the tumor-like formation protrudes about 5 mm above the vermilion border, it is dense and grayish-red in color. The surface of the formation is covered with thin scales that can hardly be removed. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 45-year-old man complains of dryness and painfulness of the lower lip. On examination: the lower lip is swollen, dry, covered in small scales and fissures. In the Klein area (wet-dry line) there are dilated openings of salivatory glands observed as red dots producing clear substance. The lower lip mucosa is lumpy. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 50-year-old patient has a defect of the lower dental arch. It is planned to make an implant-supported bridge for its restoration. X-ray picture shows that the height of the bone mass from projection of mandibular canal up to the top of alveolar crest is 2 cm. What type of implant should be applied?
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A 40-year-old man, a chemical industry worker, notes the development of soreness of the mouth, pain response to thermal and chemical stimuli. On examination: on the vestibular surface and cutting edge of the front teeth there are enamel defects with uneven scalloped margins, chalk-like in color. Make the diagnosis:
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A 57-year-old female patient complains of burning pain, dry mouth, sensation of a foreign body on the tongue back and lateral surfaces, which disappears in the process of eating. The first case of such symptoms was noted a year ago after psychological trauma. The patient suffers from pancreatic diabetes and sleep disturbance. Examination revealed the following: the tongue mucosa is without significant changes, moderately moistened. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A patient presented to a dental clinic for complex dental care. Objectively: the 37 tooth exhibits a deep carious cavity communicating with the tooth cavity. There is no response to stimuli. Radiography reveals widening and deformation of the periodontal ligament space in the apical region. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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An 18-year-old patient complaining of large diastem has made an appointment with a prosthodontics specialist. Objectively: there is full lateral displacement of the central incisors due to absence of the 12 and 22 teeth. What instrument is the most advisable for moving the central incisors closer together?
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An injured patient complains of limited opening of the mouth, nose bleeding, skin numbness in the infraorbital and lower eyelid region. Objectively: there is face deformation due to the depression of soft tissues in the left cheekbone region, step deformity in the middle part of the inferior margin of the left orbit and in the area of the zygomatic alveolar crest. What is themost likely diagnosis?
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A 60-year-old patient addressed a dentist with complaints of a conic protrusion appearing on the skin of his chin on the left. Height of the protrusion is 1,5 cm, width - 0,8 cm. Palpation is painless; there are clear margins; the protrusion is gray-brown in color; on palpation of the soft tissues near the protrusion base a thickening can be detected. What preliminary diagnosis can be made?
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A 30-year-old patient needs to have his 26 tooth extracted because of exacerbation of chronic periodontitis. Objectively: the crown of the 26 tooth is decayed by 1/3. What forceps can be used for this tooth extraction?
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A patient complains of restricted mouth opening, pain during swallowing, fever up to 38,5°C, weakness, indisposition. Objectively: the mouth opens up to 1 cm. After Berchet anesthesia examination of the oral cavity revealed edema, hyperemia, tenderness of the pterygomandibular fold. Lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls are intact. The 38 tooth is semi-impacted. Palpation of the internal surface of the mandibular angle is painful. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 37-year-old patient complains of bleeding gums, bad breath, loose teeth, difficulties with chewing food. Objectively: gums are bluish-red in colour; periodontal pockets are 6 mm deep and contain serous substance; class II teeth mobility; moderate deposits of subgingival and supragingival dental calculus;OralHygiene Index equals 3 points; there is traumatical occlusuion along all the length of the dental arches. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 3-year-old child suffers from extreme gingivitis with slight teeth mobility; the teeth are intact. The skin is dry, the hair is brittle, the skin of the palms and soles of the feet is rough and covered in small cracks. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 49-year-old patient has a tooth removed from the left upper jaw under plexus anesthesia with articaine-forte (Articaine Epinephrine). After the operation the tooth socket did not fill with blood clot. How to prevent alveolitis in this case?
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A 24-year-old woman consulted a dentist about pain in the 26 tooth. After a physical examination the patient was diagnosed with exacerbation of chronic periodontitis of the 26 tooth. During the tooth extraction the coronal part of the tooth was accidentally broken. Further manipulations with bayonet forceps failed to extract the tooth roots. What actions are to be taken for the successful root extraction?
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Preventive examination of a 5-year-old child revealed a habit of lower lip biting. What malocclusion may develop if the child keeps this habit?
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A 7-year-old child has protruding chin, the lower lip overlaps the upper one. There are diastemas and tremas between the lower incisors, the lower incisors overlap the upper incisors by 2/3 of the crown height. First permanent molars demonstrate Angle’s class III relation. Sagittal gap is 3 mm. The correct doctor’s tactics will be to:
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