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KROK 2 Dentistry 2019 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2019 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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What period of bite formation in a child can be normally characterized by physiological tremata and diastemata?
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A 6-year-old child was referred for extraction of the temporary lower central incisors due to changes in the occlusion. The teeth exhibit the 111 degree of mobility. What type of anesthesia would be optimal in this case?
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A woman complains of a neoplasm in her sublingual area. The neoplasm makes eating and speaking difficult. In the sublingual area examination detects a soft-elastic neoplasm lcm in diameter with smooth surface and clear margins. The sign of fluctuation is noticeable on palpation. Oral mucosa is stretched tightly over the neoplasm and is blue-tinged and semi-transparent. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 45-year-old man came to the prosthodontic department to have a denture made for him. Before the preparation of the hard tissues of the intact teeth, the patient was given an infiltration anesthesia with 0.5% lidocaine solution. Several minutes later he developed depressed level of consciousness, his blood pressure dropped, convulsions started, and involuntary urination occurred. What emergency condition did the patient develop?
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During examination of schoolchildren, the orthodontist noticed that some of them present with strained orbicularis oris muscle. What dental appliance can be used for exercising of the orbicularis oris muscle?
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A 28-year-old man complains of pain in the infraorbital and parotid region on the left. On examination: hemorrhage occurs in the lower eyelid and conjunctiva of the left eye, there are signs of crepitation and step deformity of the eyesocket lower edge. The mouth opens by 1 cm. Make the diagnosis:
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A 23-year-old man complains of gum bleeding when he brushes his teeth or eats solid food. Objectively: the gums of the front lower jaw are hyperemic, swollen and bleeding when palpated. Oral and gingival mucosa in other areas are not affected. The occlusion is deep. The teeth are firm, except for the 41 and 31 (degree 1 mobility). X-ray shows resorption of the alveolar septum in the area of the 41, 42, 32, and 31 teeth up to 1/3 of the root length. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A child is 8 years old. There are complaints of overcrowded upper incisors. Objectively: the first molars closure is of Angle’s I class, frontal overbite is orthognathic. The 12 and 22 teeth erupt palatinally with space deficiency of 2/3 of the tooth crown. The 11 and 21 teeth are 10 mm each in cross-section. The child has inherited father’s facial type with prognathism and macrodontia of the central incisors. Choose the preventive treatment, considering this hereditary pathology:
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During preventive examination a 10-year-old child was found to have matt white spots on the vestibular surface of the 11 and 21 teeth. The spots are located in the area of tooth cervix. Enamel surface in the affected area is undamaged and can be stained with methylene blue. Subjectively the child has no complaints. What is the optimal treatment method in this case?
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After the inflammatory process in the parotid area a woman developed frequent pain attacks resembling electric current in her face on the right. The attacks last for 15-20 minutes. The most likely diagnosis is:
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A 26-year-old woman needs dental prosthetics. Objectively the crown of 16 is destroyed by 1/3. Its anatomical shape will be restored with a porcelain inlay. Direct method is chosen for inlay-making. What should be used to obtain the impression of the formed inlay cavity?
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A 36-year-old woman complains of dryness and peeling of her lower lip vermillion border. Both dryness and peeling have been observed for a month. Application of indifferent ointments was ineffective. Objectively the vermillion border of the lower lip is bright red, moderately infiltrated, and densely covered in white-gray scales, that cannot be removed without pain and bleeding. The lesion focus contains concave areas, while on the periphery there are patches of dull epithelium that look like irregular white stripes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 43-year-old man came to the admission room. He complains of facial edema and enlarged upper lip and tongue. This condition developed approximately 40 minutes ago, when he took aspirin. Objectively the patient is anxious, his skin is of normal color, respiration is partially disturbed. The upper lip, eyelids, cheeks, tongue, and soft palate are swollen. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 6-month-old child was diagnosed with bilateral bronchopneumonia and prescribed broad- spectrum antibiotics. The child is formula-fed and presents with maldigestion (dyspepsia). What pathologic changes can occur in the hard dental tissues in this case?
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A 12-year-old girl complains of spontaneous pain in tooth 16 with short periods of remission (10-20 minutes) that developed 4 days ago. The pain increases at night and irradiates to the upper right jaw. Examination revealed a deep carious cavity in 16, the dentin is soft, the probing is painful at all points of the cavity floor, vertical percussion is slightly tender, the pain increases in response to thermal stimuli. EPT is 25 microamperes. Make the diagnosis:
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During the treatment of acute deep caries in 16 in an 18-year-old girl, the pulp chamber was accidentally perforated. Perforation is punctate and located in the area of a pulp horn. What treatment tactics would be advisable in this case?
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A 7.5-year-old practically healthy child complains of crown fracture and pain in the upper right incisor. Objectively 2/3 of crown of 11 is absent, the pulp is exposed and red; on probing it is acutely painful and bleeding; tooth percussion is painful. Tire trauma occurred 2 hours ago. What would be the optimal treatment method in this case?
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A 35-year-old patient undergoes treatment of chronic fibrous pulpitis of tooth. The canal is to be filled using the warm gutta-percha vertical condensation technique. What instrument is needed for gutta-percha condensation?
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An adolescent complains of reduced and painful mouth opening, difficulties when eating, and swelling in the left mandibular angle that developed after tooth 37 was extracted 3 days ago. Objectively the face is asymmetric due to soft tissue swelling in the area of the left mandibular angle. Mouth opening is painful and reduced to 2.0 cm. Disturbed occlusion is observed. Palpation of the left mandibular angle is painful, the tissues are soft, bone crepitus is detected. ’’Indirect load to the chin" symptom is positive in the area of the left mandibular angle. The socket of the extracted tooth is packed with iodoform gauze. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 7-year-old child complains of pain and swelling in the left submandibular region. The swelling in this region developed 2 days ago. Objectively: the child is in a satisfactory condition, body temperature is of 37.3°C. The face is asymmetrical due to the soft tissue swelling in the left submandibular region. Palpation reveals a round formation 2x2 cm in size. The formation is mobile, painful, unattached to the skin. The 74 tooth is discolored, percussion is painful. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 37-year-old woman came to the dentist to have her 25 tooth extracted. What type of anesthesia should be used in this case?
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A 25-year-old man complains of incorrectly positioned maxillary left central incisor due to trauma sustained 2 months ago. Objectively tooth 21 is rotated around its axis into palatal position. What would be the most advisable treatment method for correction of this defect?
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A victim of a traffic accident was delivered into the admission room. The patient is supine and unconscious. His skin is cyanotic, respiration is extremely labored, mucosa is pale, blood clots are accumulated in the oral cavity. The patient is diagnosed with displaced bilateral mandibular fracture. What measures should be taken to prevent complications in this case?
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A 60-year-old man needs a removable partial denture for the upper jaw. Arrangement of the artificial teeth on the wax base was checked in the oral cavity of the patient. What is the next stage in the making of a removable partial denture?
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A 55-year-old man came to the prosthodontic clinic to have a denture made for him. Tooth 11 is missing in the patient. Two days ago he was released from the inpatient unit after a case of myocardial infarction. What tactics should the dentist choose?
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A 32-year-old man was diagnosed with ulcerative gingivitis. After processing the patient’s oral cavity with an antiseptic, the doctor applied anesthesia and removed dental plaque and necrotic coating. Final part of the medical appointment is the application of gingival dressing. What etiotropic drug should this dressing contain?
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A 25-year-old man complains of a cavity in his lower left tooth, pain after eating sweet, sour, or solid food. Objectively in tooth 16 there is a deep carious cavity filled with light- colored softened dentin. Probing of the cavity floor is painful, pain stimulus is painful, but cold abates immediately after the stimulus is removed. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Parents of a 2.5-year-old child complain of gradual destruction of the upper front teeth of their child for the last several months. Objectively there are carious cavities within mantle dentin on the contact and vestibular surfaces of 52, 51, 61, and 62. The cavities are filled with softened pigmented dentin that can be easily removed with dental excavator. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 29-year-old man came to the surgery department of a dental hospital. He complains of painful facial swelling on the right that appeared 1.5-2 months ago and has been gradually increasing since then. Objectively mouth opening is unrestricted, the face is asymmetrical due to a swelling in the right parotid-masseteric region. The skin over the edema is hyperemic and swollen; palpation detects a painful infiltration 3 cm in size. Massage in this region results in discharge of clear saliva from the excretory duct of the right parotid salivary gland. What disease can be suspected in this case?
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An 18-year-old girl complains of pain in her parotid regions and general indisposition. Examination shows bilateral swelling of the parotid regions, painful mouth opening. In the oral cavity, mucosa near the openings of parotid salivary glands is hyperemic and swollen. There are signs of general intoxication: body temperature of 38°C and myalgia. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 20-year-old man complains of spontaneous pain attacks (5-7 minutes) in the area of 36 that occur for the last 24 hours. Objectively in 36 there is a deep carious cavity on the masticatory surface. Probing is painful at one point, response to cold stimulus is painful, with an aftereffect that lasts for 5 minutes. Percussion is painless. X-ray shows root canals to be slightly curved, canal lumen is clearly visible. The tooth is planned to be used as an abutment for a dental bridge. What is the optimal treatment method in this case?
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A 60-year-old patient came to the maxillofacial inpatient department. He complains of pain, bleeding, and chewing problems. He has a history of mandibular trauma at the level of the central incisors. Objectively the traumatized place is swollen, mouth opening is unrestricted. He was diagnosed with medial mandibular fracture. Both jaws are edentulous. What splint would be optimal in tljis case?
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A group of experts conducts epidemiologic investigation of certain age groups by severity of signs of periodontal damage and their need for treatment. What index allows to study these criteria?
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A 18-year-old young man complains of bleeding and pain in his gums. The disease onset was 4 days ago. Objectively the skin is pale, body temperature is 38.5°C. Submandibular lymph nodes on the left are enlarged, painful, non-fused with the surrounding tissues. The gingival papillae and gingival margin in the area of 33, 34, 35, 36, and 37 are hyperemic, ulcerated, and covered in necrotic deposit. Teeth are covered with soft dental plaque. Make the diagnosis:
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A 48-year-old patient has come to the hospital with complaints of defects in the paragingival area and slight sensitivity to thermal stimuli. Objectively: there are hard tissue defects that resemble a wedge with smooth polished walls on precervical vestibular surface of the 23 and 24 teeth. Thermal test is slightly positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 7-year-old boy during primary examination was found to have a habit of sleeping with his fist under the cheek. What bite anomaly can develop due to this habit?
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During planned sanation of a 3-year-old child, a deep carious cavity filled with food debris and softened dentin is detected in tooth 54. After tooth preparation the pulp of 54 is bleeding, probing is sharply painful. To treat pulpitis by means of devital amputation, during the first visit it is necessary to use:
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After adenotonsillectomy it is necessary to break the mouth breathing habit in a 4-year-old child. The orthodontist recommends application of an oral vestibular shield (Kerbitz’ vestibular plate). Vestibular shield facilitates training of the following muscle:
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A hit to the face has forced the upper central incisors of a 15-year-old boy to sink into the jaw to the half of their crown height. What treatment tactics should the dentist choose?
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An 11-year-old girl was diagnosed with chronic parenchymatous parotitis. What X- ray sign indicates this disease?
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