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KROK 2 Dentistry 2020 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2020 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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Biopsy material was obtained from the focus of a lesion in the retromolar space. Pathohistological findings: cellular polymorphism in the stratum spinosum, increased mitotic number, giant multinucleate cells, acanthosis, some cells in the stratum spinosum exhibit signs of parakeratosis, keratin pearls are detected. These pathohistological findings indicate the following disease:
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During preventive examination a 40-year-old man presents with the following changes: marginal gingiva is enlarged, torus-shaped, cyanotic, slightly bleeding when touched with a dental probe; there is no pain. Staining the gums with Lugol’s iodine solution results in a light-brown coloring of mucosa. Make the diagnosis:
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A 12-year-old boy complains of painful and bleeding gums on his upper jaw. Objectively the gingival margin in the area of teeth 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, and 23 is swollen, hyperemic, deformed due to overgrowths. Gingival papillae cover the crowns by 1/3 of their height, bleed on touch. Upper front teeth are overcrowded. X-ray shows no pathological changes of the periodontium. What drugs should be administered for topical treatment in the first place?
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A 43-year-old woman complains of mobility and displacement of her upper front teeth. Objectively: dental formula is . Teeth are slanted towards the vestibular side, diastema and tremata are observed, I-II-degree teeth mobility is detected. Select the orthodontic appliance for correction of teeth misalignment as a part of complex treatment of periodontal disease:
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A 55-year-old woman is undergoing a treatment for generalized periodontitis (II- III-degree). In the course of treatment, it is necessary to extract a large number of teeth with III-degree mobility. When should the immediate denture be installed after the operation?
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A 75-year-old man complains of poor fixation of his full removable denture for the lower jaw and food particles accumulating under the denture base. The lower third of his face is shortened. The alveolar processes are markedly atrophied. What anatomical structure of the lower jaw can be used for improvement of full removable denture fixation?
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A 56-year-old man complains of enlarged lower lip, pain induced by hot, sour, salty, and bitter foods, and lips gluing together in the morning. The lower lip has been gradually enlarging and developing lumps his whole life. On examination: the lower lip is enlarged. The middle third of the Klein’s zone presents with several small red dots with the openings that discharge clear drops. The red border is dry and peeling, there are fissures and erosions. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 16-year-old young man complains of a temperature increase up to 38.7°C, pain when eating and swallowing, foul sharp smell from his mouth. The lymph nodes, especially the cervical ones, are enlarged, mobile, and painless. Objectively, the patient presents with generalized hyperemia of the oral mucosa, multiple petechiae, necrotic spots, and profuse coating of the anterior pharynx. Blood test: increased ESR, marked leukocytosis, monocytosis, atypical mononuclear cells, thrombocytopenia. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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After adenotonsillectomy it is necessary to break the mouth breathing habit in a 4-year-old child. The orthodontist recommends application of an oral vestibular shield (Kerbitz’s vestibular plate). Vestibular shield facilitates training of the following muscle:
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A 4-year-old practically healthy child came for oral cavity sanation. Objectively, on the masticatory surface of 75 there is a carious cavity within the mantle dentin. The cavity is filled with softened dentin. Dentinoenamel junction is painful on probing. What material would be optimal for a permanent filling?
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Parents of a 2.5-year-old child complain of gradual destruction of the upper front teeth of their child for the last several months. Objectively there are carious cavities within mantle dentin on the contact and vestibular surfaces of 52, 51, 61, and 62. The cavities are filled with softened pigmented dentin that can be easily removed with dental excavator. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 57-year-old woman came to a dentist for the extraction of tooth 34 due to exacerbation of chronic periodontitis. What instrument would be optimal for the tooth extraction in the given case?
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A 46-year-old man was diagnosed with horizontal generalized form of pathological tooth wear, complicated with the occlusion height decreased by 10 mm. To restore the occlusion height, it is planned to make a plastic mouthguard for this patient. What is the maximum acceptable single separation of the upper and lower dentition?
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What denture constructions should be chosen in the cases of multiple adentia during the initial period of occlusion change?
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On objective examination a 59-year-old man with the edentulous mandible presents with bone protrusions and mobile areas of the alveolar crest. To ensure proper fixation of the denture and even load distribution the following functional impression should be made:
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A 45-year-old man complains of persisting dull pain in 46 that occurs in response to thermal and chemical stimuli. Examination of 46 detected in the precervical area of its vestibular surface a deep carious cavity filled with soft pigmented dentin. Probing is sharply painful at one point. Cold water stimulus induces a dull pain that gradually intensifies. Make the diagnosis:
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A 30-year-old woman came to a dentist with complaints of a slightly bleeding "sore" on her lower lip, which is located at its median and bisects the lip into two even parts. On palpation the lip is swollen and slightly painful. What diagnosis corresponds with the given clinical presentation?
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A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with sialolithiasis with the salivary gland stone located deep within the salivary gland. Choose the optimal treatment tactics:
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A 67-year-old man complains of poor fixation of his full removable laminar denture for the upper jaw. He has been using this denture for 7 years. Objectively the denture balances and is poorly fixed. What tactics should the doctor choose in this case?
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A 30-year-old man came to the dental orthopedist’s office. He complains of an included defect of the lower dentition. On examination there are no pathologies of periodontal tissues. It is planned to make a dental bridge for this patient. What should be the ratio of the summary coefficient of masticatory efficiency of abutment teeth to the summary coefficient of masticatory efficiency of lost teeth?
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A 57-year-old man presents with habitual mandibular dislocation. To reduce mouth opening, Yadrova apparatus was made. How long should the treatment last in this case?
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To make the external prosthesis for a 62-year-old man it is necessary to obtain a Hippocrates facial moulage of this patient. What impression material should be used?
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A 35-year-old man complains of a sour sensation in his mouth and front teeth sensitivity to thermal and mechanical stimuli. Objective examination revealed visible changes in the enamel of 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, and 23. The enamel is dull, coarse, missing on the cutting edge. Probing of the vestibular surface of these teeth is painful, their response to thermal stimuli is positive. The patient’s medical record states his occupation in industrial production of inorganic acids. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 45-year-old man presents with facial asymmetry due to a dense isolated infiltration in his right buccal area; the skin over the infiltration is cyanotic, thinned out; in the center of the infiltration there is a fistula. In the oral cavity the crown of 46 is destroyed by 2/3, along the mucogingival fold the band connecting the tooth with the fistula can be palpated. Make the diagnosis:
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A 53-year-old patient complains of an ulcer on the lateral surface of the tongue. The ulcer appeared 6 months ago in the result of a trauma caused by a sharp tip of the 37 tooth metal crown. A dentist replaced the crown with the one of better quality and prescribed keratoplastic drugs. Despite these measures the ulcer continues to grow. Lately there has been pain during talking, chewing, and swallowing, with occasional irradiation to the pharynx. Objectively: on the lateral surface of the tongue there is a painful ulcer with uneven raised dense margins and lumpy floor covered with grayish necrotic coating. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 13-year-old child complains of periodical gingival bleeding during teeth brushing, which has been observed for half a year. Objectively the gingival mucosa in the frontal mandibular area presents with congestive hyperemia and edema. Decay- missing-filled (DMF) index equals 4. Oral cavity hygiene is unsatisfactory. In this case it is necessary to recommend the patient the toothpastes with:
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A 11-year-old child complains of pain during eating food, especially hot, in the lower right lateral tooth. On the masticatory surface of the 46 tooth there is a large carious cavity filled with softened light- brown dentin. The cavity is located within parapulpar dentin. In the projection of mesiobuccal pulp horn the carious cavity communicates with the pulp chamber. Deep probing is painful. Electric pulp test - 60 microamperes. Make the diagnosis:
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A 55-year-old man came to the dental orthopedic clinic to have a denture made for him. Tooth 11 is missing in the patient. Two days ago he was released from the inpatient unit after a case of myocardial infarction. What tactics should the dentist choose?
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A 65-year-old man with fully edentulous upper jaw needs a removable full laminar denture. To make the denture, anatomical impressions of the upper and lower jaws are necessary. The patient exhibits heightened gag reflex. What drug can be used to suppress the gag reflex in this patient?
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A 45-year-old patient came to a prosthodontics clinic. During the objective examination the doctor checked the sagittal movements of the lower jaw. What muscles are responsible for sagittal movements of the lower jaw?
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A 7-year-old boy during primary examination was found to have a habit of sleeping with his fist under the cheek. What bite anomaly can develop due to this habit?
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A patient diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis came to a dental surgeon complaining of a painful mouth opening characterized by pain on the both sides of the jaw. The following is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joint:
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A 38-year-old man after a domestic accident complains of pain and mobility of his upper teeth, problems with eating. Objectively: soft tissues edema. The 11 and 21 teeth are displaced towards the palate, mobile (II-degree), painful on percussion. Mucosa surrounding the affected teeth is hyperemic and swollen. X-ray demonstrates widened periodontal fissure of the 11 and 21. Choose the treatment method:
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A 12-year-old boy complains of a pain and trauma of the buccal tissues on the right. The trauma was received in a car accident. 27 hours after the trauma, he went to a doctor and requested help. Objectively, his general condition is moderately severe, the face is asymmetrical due to a swelling and a skin injury of the cheek. The wound is 2.59x1.5x1 cm, with smooth gaping margins that are covered in a gray-white coating. The patient was diagnosed with an incised wound of the right cheek. What type of surgical debridement should be performed in this case?
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During or immediately after an injection, certain local complications can develop. What is NOT one of those complications?
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A 6-year-old child complains of a pain and edema in the upper right jaw, body temperature up to 37,9°C, and deterioration of general well-being. Symptom onset was 3 days ago. Objectively, the face is asymmetrical due to soft tissue edema of buccal and infraorbital regions on the right. The crown of 54 is destroyed by 1/2, percussion is painful; the tooth previously had been treated for complicated caries. On the palatine side of the affected tooth area there is a painful infiltration with fluctuation in its center; the tissues over the infiltration are hyperemic. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 27-year-old man presents with the missing crown of 11. Objectively teeth 21 and 12 are intact; intraoral spot-film X-ray shows the root of 11 to be filled to the apex, no changes in the periapical tissues, no pathological mobility. What construction of the denture should be recommended for this patient?
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A 45-year-old man came to the dental orthopedist’s office. He complains of pain on biting in the area of tooth 45. The method of electric pulp testing was used to confirm the diagnosis. What value of electric pulp testing will indicate the presence of pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis?
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A 21-year-old man with a facial furuncle was brought to the maxillofacial department. What facial localization of furuncles and carbuncles is often complicated by thrombophlebitis of the angular vein?
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A 14-year-old boy complains of rapid wearing-off of tooth crowns. Objectively: tooth crowns are worn-off by 1/3. Enamel easily chips off and is pale gray in color. Make the diagnosis:
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