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KROK 2 Dentistry 2020 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2020 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 15-year-old patient complains of bleeding gums and pain during eating. These signs have been observed for the last year. Objectively the interdental papillae in the area of teeth 31, 32, 33, 41, 42, and 43 are enlarged and cover the tooth crowns by 1/2 of their height. The gums present with bright-red granulations and are painful on palpation. Mineralized dental plaque is observed on the teeth. X-ray shows no changes of the alveolar process. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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During an appointment with the dentist, a 42-year-old man developed anaphylactic shock after he was given an analgesic. What emergency first-line drug should be administered in this case?
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A draft-age young man undergoes an examination in the orthopedic dental clinic. Objectively, teeth 46 and 16 are missing. What would be the loss of masticatory efficiency, according to Agapov’s classification?
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A 15-year-old girl complains of a carious cavity in her tooth, spontaneous pain that quickly abates. The child is somatically healthy. Objectively in tooth 36 there is a carious cavity within the parapulpar dentin, response to a cold stimulus is painful, pain abates in 1-2 miuntes. Probing is painful in one spot. Percussion is painless. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 43-year-old man came to the orthopedic dental clinic with complaints of difficult chewing and aesthetical defect. Objectively, teeth 15 and 16 are lost on the upper jaw and teeth 46, 47 48 are lost on the lower jaw. What class of partial dentition defects can be diagnosed on the jaws according to the Kennedy classification?
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A doctor has received a removable partial denture from the laboratory. On examination of the denture, the following defect is observed: the denture has a marble-like appearance (white streaks). What mistake has been made by a dental technician, when replacing wax with plastic?
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A 42-year-old man complains of difficult chewing. Objectively, teeth 26 and 25 are lost. On the medial surface of tooth 27 and distal surface of tooth 24 there are class II carious cavities according to Black’s classification. It is recommended to make a full-cast dental bridge with 27 and 25 as the abutment teeth. What material is used to assess whether dental bridge framework tightly adheres to the abutment teeth?
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In the course of treatment for exacerbated chronic pulpitis of tooth 16, the system of root canals was obturated by means of lateral condensation of gutta- percha. What instruments should be used in this treatment method?
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A 24-year-old woman is at the III trimester of her pregnancy. She complains of white spots appearing on her lower front teeth. Examination detects chalk-like lesions on the vestibular surfaces of teeth 41, 42, 31, 32 in the precervical area. The lesions can be stained with dyes. Choose the treatment tactics:
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A 27-year-old man complains of a periodical pain in the frontal area of the upper jaw. Maxillary X-ray shows a round focus of bone tissue destruction 0.5 cm in diameter near the apex of tooth 12. The root canal of tooth 12 is filled to the apex. The patient is diagnosed with chronic granulomatous periodontitis of tooth 12. What method of surgical treatment should be chosen in this case?
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A 42-year-old man came to the dental surgeon for oral sanation. After application of anesthesia, the patient suddenly developed nausea, acute weakness, constricting sensation behind the sternum, and cardiac pain. The patient’s skin is pale and covered in cold clammy sweat. The patient started vomiting, lost his consciousness, and developed seizures. The patient’s pupils are unresponsive to the light. The pulse is thready, blood pressure cannot be measured. Make the diagnosis:
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A 14-year-old girl complains of a pulsing pain in her upper left teeth that lasts for 3 days already and sharply increases on biting. Objectively there is a carious cavity that does not communicate with the dental cavity. Probing of the cavity floor is painless. Vertical and horizontal percussion is sharply painful. Mucosa in the area of tooth 16 is hyperemic. What is the diagnosis?
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The dental therapist accidentally exposed the pulp horn, when treating deep caries of tooth 26. What treatment method should be chosen in this case?
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One hour ago a patient received a blunt object trauma to the middle area of his face. X-ray revealed a fracture line in the bone tissue that passes through the nasal root, medial wall of the eyesocket, pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bone, and zygomatic arch. Make the diagnosis:
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A patient complains of a slowly growing neoplasm in the frontal area on the left. The neoplasm is mobile, painless, and fused with the skin. Punctate skin depressions can be observed on its surface. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 20-year-old woman complains of pain in the area of tooth 38. The pain increases during swallowing and opening her mouth wide. Objectively, the crown of tooth 38 is partially covered in mucosa, from under which a purulent exudate is being discharged. Palpation is painful. The mucosa over tooth 38 is hyperemic and swollen. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 43-year-old man complains of an intense unbearable pain in the area of the upper jaw; his general condition has been disturbed for 5 days. Objectively, his face is asymmetrical due to a swelling of the buccal and zygomatic regions. In the oral cavity, tooth 26 is destroyed, mucosa of the alveolar bone is hyperemic and edematous; there is a cuff-shaped thickening of the alveolar bone in the area of teeth 25, 26, 27; teeth 25, 26, and 27 exhibit I degree mobility. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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Preventive examination of a 6.5-year-old child revealed a carious cavity with a narrow entrance in the distolingual groove on the masticatory surface of tooth 46. The cavity floor is localized within the softened mantle dentin. Other areas of the fissure are intact. The dentist has chosen the method of preventive filling. What tactics is advisable regarding the intact areas of the fissure?
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A 37-year-old woman complains of a white formation on the mucosa of her upper lip. The formation was noticed accidentally. Objectively, on the teeth of her lower jaw there are 2 dental bridges, the crown of tooth 21 is half-destroyed, the tooth is untreated. In the projection of tooth 21 on the labial mucosa, there is an irregularly- shaped white plaque 4x9 mm in size with clear margins. The plaque is slightly raised above the mucosa, cannot be scraped off, painless, and without an infiltration in its base. The regional lymph nodes cannot be palpated. Make the diagnosis:
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10-year-old child complains of pain in the area of the upper front teeth during eating cold food. The pain started occurring one month ago after a trauma. Examination shows missing crown corner of tooth 21, the incisal edge of tooth 11 is broken off, with the fracture line located within the dentin. Probing of teeth 11 and 21 is painless. Response to a cold stimulus is painful, short- term. Electric pulp test - 7 microamperes. What filling material should be used in this case?
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The parents of a 7-year-old child complain that their child for the last 2 days has been presenting with body temperature of 38.8°C and a sore throat. Objectively, catarrhal stomatitis is observed on the gums, cheeks, lips, and on the floor of the oral cavity. The submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged and painful. Bright-red catarrhal inflammation is present on the soft palate, tonsils, and palatine arches. The tongue is edematous, red, and dry. The skin of the face is hyperemic, except for the white nasolabial triangle. Make the diagnosis:
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A 23-year-old woman complains of a sharp pain in her gums, inability to eat, foul smell from the mouth, temperature up to 38°C, general weakness. On examination, the patient is pale and her lymph nodes are enlarged. Edema, hyperemic gingival papillae, and separate ulcers covered in a fibrinous coating are observed in the patient. What additional examination needs to be performed first in this case?
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A 42-year-old woman complains of swelling and purulent discharge from a fistula in the left parotid region and limited mouth opening. Objectively, her face is asymmetrical due to an infiltration in the left parotid region. The infiltration is cyanotic, has "wooden" density, and contains fistulas that produce crumbs of yellowish pus. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 7-year-old girl was brought to the clinic by her parents during the first hours after she received a trauma of her upper central incisor. The girl complains of pain in the tooth on touching. Objectively, during examination the traumatized tooth is slightly mobile in one direction, its percussion is painful, no changes are observed in the surrounding tissues. The tooth became pink-colored. What is the cause of tooth discoloration?
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Removable partial dentures for both jaws are being made for a 60-year-old man. The patient has a history of chronic angular stomatitis. When making his dentures, special attention should be paid to the:
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A 34-year-old woman complains of a short-lasting pain response to thermal stimuli in teeth 34 and 35. Objectively, the surfaces of teeth 34 and 35 are intact; the contat surfaces cannot be examined due to tight placement of the teeth. What examination method would be the most informative in this case, if the presence of a carious cavity is suspected?
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During the preparation of teeth for installation of an orthopedic construction, a 65-year-old woman indistinctly complained of a sharp headache, sensation of heat, nausea, and numbness of her limbs. Her face is asymmetrical due to a smoothed out nasolabial fold on one side. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 12-year-old girl complains of a painful neoplasm under the tongue on the left. It appears during eating (especially salty or sour foods) and then slowly diminishes. Mouth opening is unrestricted; the duct orifice of the left sublingual salivary gland is dilated and hyperemic; saliva is clear with pus admixtures. Bimanual palpation detects an induration of a part of the duct. Ultrasound reveals a hyperechogenic zone with an "absorption path" This clinical presentation is characteristic of the following disease:
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A 39-year-old woman was provisionally diagnosed with generalized periodontitis, I degree, chronic progression. X-ray shows uneven resorption of the interdental septa by 1/3-1/4 of the root length. What surgical method should be used as a part of the complex treatment?
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A 47-year-old woman complains of an itching sensation in her gums and increased teeth sensitivity to thermal stimuli. Objectively, the roots of most of her teeth are exposed to 1/3 of their length, the gums are pale pink, no periodontal pockets. X-ray shows osteosclerosis of the alveolar process bone tissue, disturbed intactness of the lamina dura on the apices of the interdental septa. The patient was diagnosed with initial periodontosis. What should be prescribed in this case for local treatment of the systemic dental hyperesthesia?
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A 22-year-old man came to a dentist with complaints of increased salivation and a sharp pain in the oral cavity during eating and talking. He notes the acute onset of the disease that occurred after an overexposure to cold, high body temperature (39,5°C), general weakness, and headache. He has a history of chronic tonsillitis and is allergic to certain medicines. On examination his skin is pale. On the dorsal surface of his hands there are bluish-pink rashes with a hemorrhagic crust in the center. Vermilion border of the lips is swollen and covered in hemorrhagic crusts. Regional lymph nodes are enlarged, painful, and mobile. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A patient is undergoing treatment for chronic granulating periodontitis of tooth 26. The root canals were irrigated with an antiseptic that can penetrate into the structures of biofilms, destroy them, and dissolve organic tissues. What antiseptic was used by the doctor?
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A 27-year-old man received a trauma of the lower jaw. After X-ray examination he was diagnosed with a displaced unilateral open mandibular fracture at the level of the mental foramen. The patient has retained all his teeth. The fracture line passes between teeth 34 and 35. What splint should be used in this case?
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A 42-year-old man complains of periodic pain in his tooth 48. On examination tooth 48 is partially erupted with its medial cusps, its mucosa is pale pink and painless on palpation, the mouth opening is fully unhindered. X-ray shows tooth 48 to be located medially to tooth 47 Choose the surgical treatment:
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A 65-year-old woman complains of a painless neoplasm on her upper lip that slowly enlarges. Objectively on the upper lip there is a neoplasm 1xl cm in size that looks like a gray-red nodule with a funnel-shaped indent in its center, filled with a dense keratinized mass. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 24-year-old woman complains of a constant increasing pain in her lower right tooth that intensifies on biting. Objectively in her tooth 46 there is a carious cavity that does not communicate with the dental cavity, percussion is mildly painful, probing of cavity walls and floor is painless. X-ray imaging shows no changes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A child is 5 years old. There are complaints of an aesthetical defect. An extraoral examination shows that the face is symmetrical, but disproportionate because of reduced lower third of the face. In the oral cavity, teeth 55, 54, 64, and 65 are lost. What dental device is necessary for this patient?
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3 days after the extraction of tooth 46, a 29-year-old man developed complaints of a dull pain in the area of the dental alveolus of extracted tooth 46. He presents with hyperemic and edematous mucosa in the area of the dental alveolus; no blood clot; food debris are detected. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 60-year-old woman complains of a pain in the oral cavity that increases during eating. She has a history of ischemic heart disease. Objectively, her oral mucosa is pale pink, without visible pathological changes. On the lateral surface of the tongue there is an ulcer 0.7 cm in diameter. The ulcer has clear and even margins, is covered in a gray coating, and is painful on palpation. In the surrounding tissues there is no inflammatory reaction. Make the correct diagnosis:
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A patient came to the dentist for sanation. The patient has diabetes mellitus. 30 minutes before his visit to the dentist, he was administered insulin and ate an apple. During examination the patient developed a sensation of anxiety and hunger, whole body tremors, dyplopia, and pallor. He started sweating large drops. No acetone breath was detected. Hypersthenia of the eyeballs is observed. The pulse is rapid and tense, blood pressure is 130/90 mm Hg. His heart sounds are clear and breathing is even. Make the diagnosis:
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