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KROK 2 Dentistry 2023 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2023 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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During the treatment of ulcerative gingivitis, a 38-year-old man was locally prescribed a drug that belongs to the hydrolase enzymes and is a thermostable protein contained in tears, saliva, and breast milk as an innate resistance factor of human body Name this drug.
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A 52-year-old man came to a dentist with complaints of mobility of his lower front teeth. Objectively, his lower incisors are intact and have the first-degree mobility, the canines and lateral teeth are stable. Orthopantomography shows resorption of the interalveolar septa in the area of the incisors to 1/4 of their height. Between the front teeth, the patient has a diastema and tremata up to 1 mm in width. Temporary splinting is planned. What splint is indicated in this case?
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A 52-year-old man complains of unpleasant sensations during swallowing and erosions appearing on his oral mucosa. The disease onset was over a month ago. Objectively, on the normal mucosa of the soft palate, checks, and gums there are bright red erosions with the remains of erupted vesicles. The mucosa easily sloughs off. The Nikolsky's sign is positive. What medicines must be prescribed for the treatment first?
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A 32-year-old person was hospitalized to the emergency hospital from the site of a car accident. X-ray allowed diagnosing the patient with a displaced unilateral open mandibular fracture on the left at the level of the mental foramen. The patient has all teeth. The fracture line passes between teeth 34 and 35. What splint should be used in this clinical case?
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A clasp (bugel) denture with clammer fixation is being made for a partially edentulous patient (Kennedy class 1). Impressions were obtained, casts were made, and the centric relation of the jaws was determined and fixed. What laboratory stage of the denture-making is the next one?
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Tooth 46 is being endodontically treated for chronic fibrous periodontitis. Its root canals are narrow and sclerosed. What tool should be used to widen the root canals in this case?
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A 7-year-old child is sick for 3 days. already. The child has fever of 38°C. weakness, and facial asymmetry due to edema of the upper lip and left infraorbital area. The skin color is unchanged. The mucogingival junction in the projection of the roots of teeth 63 and 64 is smoothed-out and hyperemic. Palpation detects a positive sign of fluctuation. Tooth 63 is partially destroyed, mobile, its percussion is slightly painful. Make the provisional diagnosis.
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A 45-year-old man came to an orthopedic dentist to have a denture made for him. Before the preparation of the hard tissues of the intact teeth, the patient was given an infiltration anesthesia with 0.5 % lidocaine solution. Several minutes later, he developed depressed level of consciousness, his blood pressure dropped, convulsions started, and involuntary urination occurred. What emergency condition did the patient develop?
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The parents of a 6-year-old girl complain of a sharp increase in the child's body temperature, deterioration of her general condition, disturbed sleep, pain and edema in the right parotid region. Objectively, mucosa around the opening of the excretory duct of the right parotid salivary gland is hyperemic, the girl feels pain during palpation on the right side in front of the tragus and in the area of the gonial angle. Massage of the salivary gland produces a very small amount of viscous transparent saliva from the duct. Make the provisional diagnosis.
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A 50-year-old woman suddenly complained of shortness of breath and a feeling of stiffness in her chest during installation of dentures. The patient has cough and wheezing respiration with a long exhale. It is known from her history that such symptoms occur after a contact with allergens or airborne irritants. What emergency condition did the patient develop?
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During examination, an 8-year-old child was diagnosed with torsiversion of the lateral maxillary incisors and an arch length deficiency caused by macrodontia. To prevent the vestibular position of the canines, a Hotz serial extraction was performed. What is the correct order of teeth extraction in this case?
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A dentist made a porcelain-fused-to-metal crown for tooth 11 of a 34-year-old patient. The tooth was prepared in compliance with all the requirements. At what stage of crown-making was gum retraction performed?
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The parents of an 8-year-old girl have brought their child to a dentist for a preventive examination. After the examination, the dentist determined that the decay-missing-filled index in this child is df + DFM = 12. What concentration of fluoride ions in toothpaste should be recommended for personal hygiene of the children with high levels of caries intensity?
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A 32-year-old man has been hospitalized maxillofacial department of a clinic. The following diagnosis has been made: an open displaced bilateral fracture of the lower jaw in the area of the gonial angle. X-ray shows a large diastasis between the fragments and muscle interposition. What main treatment technique should be chosen for this patient?
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After a clinical examination of a 28-year-old patient, a dentist made the following diagnosis: acute median caries of tooth 25, Black's class 1. What dental should be used in this case to open the carious cavity during the treatment?
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A 2-year-old child has suffered a dental trauma. Objectively, the crowns of teeth 51 and 61 are shorter than the crowns of the adjacent teeth by 1/3. The mucosa in the area of teeth 51 and 61 is hyperemic and edematous X-ray shows no periodontal fissure in the apical part of the roots of teeth 51 and 61. What treatment tactics would be optimal in this clinical case?
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A porcelain-fused-to-metal crown is being made for tooth 24 of a 32-year-old patient. At the stage of fitting the crown, its placement on the tooth stump turned out to be difficult due to an excess of porcelain and metal mass on the surfaces that are in contact with the adjacent teeth. What can be used to detect the areas with an excess of the porcelain mass?
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A 28-year-old woman came to a dentist with complaints of a periodically appearing fistula on her gums in the area of tooth 111 projection and unpleasant sensations in this tooth. Previously, this tooth was treated for chronic periodontitis. The root canal of this tooth was treated twice, with no positive result. Target X-ray of tooth 11 shows the root canal that is scaled along its entire length and a focus of X-ray lucency up to 0.8 cm in size in the area of its apex. Determine the treatment method in this case.
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A newborn child has been diagnosed with congenital unilateral complete non-union of the upper lip with deformation of the cutaneo-cartilaginous portion of the nose. At what age should the surgical treatment be performed in this case?
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An orthopedic dentist fixes an artificial porcelain-fused-to-metal crown to vital tooth 47 What material would be optimal for fixing an artificial crown in this case?
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A 45-year-old woman needs dentures. for her missing teeth 24 and 25. X-ray shows a small patch of bone tissue destruction, with clear contours in the apical area of the root of tooth 23. The root canal of tooth 23 is sealed with a non-homogeneous filling material to the 2/3 of its length. There is a permanent composite filling without defects. Percussion of the tooth is painless, the alveolar mucosa in this area is of normal color. What would be the dentist's tactics regarding tooth 23?
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A 24-year-old pregnant woman came to a dentist with complaints of acute pain in the area of her tooth 38. Her term of pregnancy is 22 weeks. She has no history. of allergies. Objectively, the crown of tooth 38 is destroyed by 2/3, percussion is sharply painful. Tooth extraction is indicated. What anesthetic is the drug of choice for pregnant patients?
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A 16-year-old girl complains of burning. painful, and bleeding gums. Objectively, the gums of her upper and lower jaw are edematous, brightly hyperemic, and bleed when probed. Periodontal pockets are up to 4 mm deep and contain seropurulent exudate. The teeth have pathological mobility of the first degree. X-ray shows uneven resorption of the interalveolar septa up to 1/2 of their height with diffuser osteoporosis of the spongy (cancellous) bone tissue. Make the diagnosis.
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The parents of an 8-year-old boy came to a dentist complaining of a broken. off crown of a child's front tooth. The coronal tooth fracture occurred 2 hours ago as a result of an injury sustained during a sports competition. Objectively, one third of the crown of tooth 11 is missing, the pulp is exposed at one point. bright red, and sharply painful to probing Tooth percussion is tender. What treatment method would be optimal for tooth 11 in this case?
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A patient complains of a neoplasm in the left half of the frontal region. The neoplasm appeared 2 months ago and is slowly increasing in size. It is dense, elastic, round, mobile, and painless. The skin color over the neoplasm is unchanged. It has a punctate indentation on its surface, from which whitish foul-smelling masses are discharged. Make the provisional diagnosis.
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A 40-year-old man came to a dentist with complaints of a neoplasm on the mucosa of the lower lip. The neoplasm appeared approximately one month ago and is slowly increasing in size. Objectively, under the lower lip mucosa there is a formation 0.7 cm in size. The formation is circumscribed, elastic, painless, round, and translucent. The mucosa over the formation is thinned-out, while surrounding mucosal remains unchanged. What diagnosis can be made in this case?
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A 49-year-old patient complains of teeth mobility on the right lower jaw and purulent discharge from the socket of tooth 46 that was removed 1.5 months ago Objectively, there is slight swelling of soft tissues in the submandibular area on the right, right submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged and mildly painful to palpation. The alveolar process of the lower jaw is thickened on the right. Teeth 45 and 47 have the first-degree mobility. A fistula with protruding granulations was detected on the mucogingival junction in this area. Granulations fill the socket of the extracted tooth 46. What diagnosis can be made in this case?
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The parents of an 8-year-old girl came. to a dental orthodontist complaining of an aesthetic defect in their child. Objectively, the lower part of the face is shortened, the chin is pushed forward, the upper lip sinks. When teeth are closed, reverse deep incisal overlap is revealed. Mesioocclusion is observed laterally. Select the appliance for the treatment.
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A 50-year-old man complains of a formation 4 cm in size in the submental. region. On palpation, the neoplasm is homogeneous, soft, elastic, and doughy. It is not fused with the skin or surrounding tissues. Its slow growth has been observed for 3 years already What disease can be characterized by such clinical signs?
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A 14-year-old girl came to a dentist. complaining of a growth on her tongue. It appeared approximately 1.5 years ago and has been slowly growing since then. Objectively, on the left lateral surface of her tongue there is a pink formation. This formation is mobile, painless, dense, and spherical. It has a clear margin, wide base, and smooth surface. Make the provisional diagnosis.
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A 57-year-old man came to a dentist with complaints of a dull aching pain in the area of his right temporomandibular joint and morning stiffness of the lower jaw. His condition has a wave-like course. throughout the last 3 years. Objectively, the face is symmetrical, the mouth opening reduced to 3 cm. During the movements of the lower jaw, an articular noise and clicking (step-like displacement of the lower jaw) occur in the area of the right TMJ. The skin over the joint is unchanged. Palpation detects no changes in the muscle tone. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
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A 21-year-old man 3 hours ago received a knife wound to the right cheek. The wound was initially bleeding, but by the time of the examination the bleeding has already stopped. Objectively, in the area of the right cheek there is a wound 4x1 cm 1 with even margins not penetrate into the oral cavity and is filled with a blood clot. What suture should be applied to the wound in this case?
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A dentist performs a preventive examination of a 12-year-old girl. Objectively, her face is pale, the vermilion border of her lips is dry and covered in small scales, she has cracks in the corners of her mouth. Her oral mucosa is pale and edematous, while the tongue is bright red and smooth, with atrophied filiform papillae. What general somatic disorder is typically accompanied by such signs?
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A 45-year-old man came to a dentist with complaints of teeth mobility. Objectively, all his teeth are intact, the front lower teeth have the I degree of mobility. The man was diagnosed with chronic generalized parodontitis, II degree. As a part of the treatment, the doctor splinted the front group of the patient's teeth with a removable splint. In this case, the splint should reach the following teeth:
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A 53-year-old patient has been diagnosed with a non-displaced mandibular fracture in the frontal region. Objectively, there are fixed orthopedic appliances on the upper jaw, the lateral group of teeth is missing on the both sides of the lower jaw, the teeth located from canine to canine ate intact. What splint should be chosen for the treatment in this clinical case?
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Dentures are being made for a 50-year-old woman with compensated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. She has been in a clinic for several hours already, during which she was nervous and skipped her meals. In the process of obtaining her dental impressions, she suddenly became aggressive, paled, broke out in cold sweat, and fell unconscious. What should be used for emergency aid in this clinical case?
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A 34-year-old man came to a dentist with complaints of a constant dull pain in his upper left tooth. The pain intensifies when cold stimuli are applied and radiates to the ear and temple. One year ago, the patient had an intense pain in this tooth, but did not consult a dentist. The pain recurred three days ago. Objectively, tooth 27 has a deep carious cavity that communicates with the pulp chamber. Probing of the exposed spot is extremely painful. X-ray of tooth 27 shows widening of the periodontal fissure in the area of its root apices. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
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A 23-year-old young man complains of acute bleeding from the guys and bad breath that appeared 5 days ago. Objectively, the interdental papillae and the gingival margin are bright red, edematous painful, and bleed intensely when palpated. Gingival pockets are 2-3 mm deep. X-ray shows marked osteoporosis of the interalveolar septa and widening of the periodontal fissure around the apices of the interalveolar septa. The lamina dura is intact. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
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A 45-year-old man has been diagnosed with a non-displaced median mandibular fracture. For the treatment of the fracture, a smooth splint-bracket is indicated. To what group of maxillofacial appliances does it belong?
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An 8-year-old child was hospitalized into the maxillofacial department. Objectively, the child has fever of 39°C and facial asymmetry on the left due to a painful swelling in the submandibular region. The skin in this region is hyperemic, tense, and cannot be pinched. The sign of fluctuation is positive. The mucogingival junction in the area of teeth 74, 75, and 36 is smoothed-out and hyperemic. Tooth 75 is destroyed by 2/3. Make the provisional diagnosis.
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