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KROK 2 Medicine 2006 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2006 KROK 2 Medicine exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 23 y.o. patient has a gunshot wound of his left arm.The bones of the arm are not damaged. What appropriate surgical care must be provided to the patient?
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The disease of a 21 y.o. patient began with raise of temperature up to 39, 0°C, headache, chill, repeated vomiting. Rigidity of occipital muscles is determined. The analysis of liquor revealed: cytosis -1237 in 1 ml, including: 84% of neutrophils, 16% of lymphocytes. On bacterioscopy: gram-negative cocci are found in liquor. What is the most probable disease?
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A girl is 12 y.o. Yesterday she was overcooled. Now she is complaining on pain in suprapubic area, frequent painful urination by small portions, temperature is 37,8°C. Pasternatsky symptom is negative. Urine analysis: protein - 0,033 g/L, WBC- 20-25 in f/vis, RBC-1-2 in f/vis. What diagnosis is the most probable?
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A 43 y.o. patient complains of formation and pain in the right mammary gland, rise of temperature up to 37, 2°C during the last 3 months. Condition worsens before the menstruation. On examination: edema of the right breast, hyperemia, retracted nipple. Unclear painful infiltration is palpated in the lower quadrants. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of occasional pains at the bottom of abdomen that get worse during menses, weakness, indisposition, nervousness, some dark bloody discharges from vagina on the day before and the day after menses. Bimanual examination results: body of womb is enlarged, appendages cannot be determined, posterior fornix has tuberous surface. Laparoscopy results: ovaries, peritoneum of rectouterine pouches and pararectal fat are covered with "cyanotic spots". What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 32 y.o. patient who has been staying in a hospital on account of acute abscess of his right lung suddenly felt pain after coughing in the right half of thorax, he got heavy breathing, cyanosis. What complication is the most probable?
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A 49 y.o. female patient was admitted to the hospital with acute attacks of headache accompanied by pulsation in temples, increasing AP up to 280/140 mm Hg. Pheochromocytoma is suspected. What mechanism of hypertensive atack does this patient have?
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A 51 y.o. patient complains of having intensive bloody discharges from vagina for 15 days after delay of menstruation for 2,5 months. In anamnesis: disorders of menstrual function during a year, at the same time she felt extreme irritability and had sleep disorders. US examination results: uterus corresponds with age norms, appendages have no pecularities, endometrium is 14 mm thick. What is the doctor's tactics?
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A 34 y.o. patient 3 hours ago was bitten by a dog. He has got a non-bleeding wound in his left arm caused by the dog's bite. What surgical care would you provide to the patient?
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The family doctor examined a patient and diagnosed an acute bleeding of an intestine. What is professional tactics of the doctor in this situation?
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A 56 y.o. patient has worked at the aluminium plant over 20 years. Within 3 last years he has got loosening of teeth, bone and joint pains, piercing pains in heart area, vomiting. The preliminary diagnosis is:
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A 20 y.o. patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of having skin and sclera icteritiousness, dark urine, single vomiting, appetite loss, body temperature rise up to 38°C for 2 days. Three weeks ago he went in for fishing and shared his dishes with friends. Objectively: the patient is flabby, t- 36,8°C, skin and scleras are icteritious, liver sticks from under the costal margin by 3 cm, it is sensi- tive; spleen isn't palpable. Urine is dark, stool is partly acholic. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A pregnant woman in her 8th week was admitted to the hospital for artificial abortion. In course of operation during dilatation of cervical canal of uterus by means of Hegar's dilator N° 8 the doctor suspected uterus perforation. What is the immediate tactics for confirmation of this diagnosis?
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Fluorography of a 45 y.o. man revealed some foci of small intensity with nondistinct outlines on the top of his right lung. The patient doesn't feel worse. He has been smoking for many years. Objectively: vesicular resonance over lungs, respiration is vesicular, rales are absent. Blood count is not changed. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A child was born with body weight 3250 g and body length 52 cm. At the age of 1,5 month the actual weight is sufficient (4350 g), psychophysical development corresponds with the age. The child is breast-fed, occasionally there are regurgitations. What is the cause of regurgitations?
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An 18 y.o. patient complains of painfulness and swelling of mammary glands, headaches, irritability, edemata of lower extremities. These symptoms have been present since the begin of menarche, appear 3-4 days before regular menstruation. Gynecological examination revealed no pathology. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 37 y.o. patient complains of pain in the right arm which increases during motion, raised body temperature up to 39°C. In the right cubital fossa there is a trace of injection, hyperemia and thickening along the vein. Your diagnosis?
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A 40 y.o. woman is ill with rheumatic disease with composite mitral disease with prevalence of the stenosis of left venous foramen.Complains of palpitation, fatigability, progressing dyspnea, attacks of dyspnea and hemoptysis. Now she cannot be engaged even in the easy activities. What tactics is the most expedient?
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A 38 y.o. woman complains of a purulent discharge from the left nostril. The body temperature is 37,5°C. The patient has been ill for a week and associates her illness with common cold. There are a pain and tenderness on palpation of her left cheek. The mucous membrane in the left nasal cavity is red and turgescent. The purulent exudate is seen in the middle meatus in maxillary. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A full-term newborn child has a diagnosis Rh-factor hemolytic disease of newborn. Bilirubin rate is critical. The child's blood group is B(III), his mother's blood group - A(II). The child has indication for hemotransfusion. What donor blood must be chosen?
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A 19 y.o. patient was admitted to the hospital with acute destructive appendicitis. He suffers from hemophilia B-type. What antihemophilic medicine should be included in pre- and post-operative treatment plan?
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An 18 y.o. patient was admitted to the hematologic department with complaints of headache, general weakness, poor appetite, body temperature rise up to 39°C, neck swelling. Objectively: skin and mucous membranes are extremely pale, lymph nodes on the both sides of neck are up to 1 cm large, painless. Liver is enlarged 1 cm, painless, spleen 0,5 cm, t- 38°C. Blood count: Hb- 98g/L, RBC-2,9 × 1012/l, leukocytes - 32 × 109/l, stab neutrophils - 0%, segmental leukocytes - 28%, monocytes - 2%, lymphocytes -39%, blasts - 31%, reticulocytes - 31%, thrombocytes - 120* 109/l, ESR - 36 mm/h. What form of leukosis does the patient have?
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A 32 y.o. woman has been suffering for 5 months from pain in lumbar region, low grade fever, frequent urination. Urine analysis: moderate proteinuria, leukocytes occupy the whole field of sight, bacteriuria. Blood analysis: leukocytosis, increased ESR. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 15 y.o. patient has a developmental lag, occasionally he has skin yellowing. Objectively: spleen is 16x12x10 cm, cholecystolithiasis, skin ulcer of the lower third of left crus. Blood count: RBC- 3,0 × 1012/l, Hb- 90 g/L, C.I.-1,0; microspherocytosis, reticulocytosis. Total serum bilirubin is 56 mcmol/L, unconjugated - 38 mcmol/L. What therapy will be the most appropriate?
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A 35 y.o. woman was admitted to thoracic surgery department with fever up to 40°C, onset of pain in the side caused by deep breathing, cough with considerable quantity of purulent sputum and blood with bad smell. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A man, 42 years old, died in a road accident after the hemorrhage on the spot, because of acute hemorrhagic anemia. What minimum percent of the whole blood volume could result in death by acute hemorrhage?
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Condition of a parturient woman has been good for 2 hours after live birth: uterus is thick, globe-shaped, its bottom is at the level of umbilicus, bleeding is absent. The clamp put on the umbilical cord remains at the same level, when the woman takes a deep breath or she is being pressed over the symphysis with the verge of hand, the umbilical cord drows into the vagina. Bloody discharges from the sexual tracts are absent. What is the doctor's further tactics?
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At year-end hospital administration has obtained the following data: annual number of treated patients and average annual number of beds used for patient's treatment. What index of hospital work can be calculated based upon this data?
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A 28 y.o. patient without permanent residence was admitted to the hospital with the preliminary diagnosis influenza. On the fith day of illness he got a maculopapular petechial rash on his body and internal surfaces of extremities. Body temperature is 41°C, euphoria, face hyperemia, sclera reddening, tongue tremor, tachycardia, splenomegaly, excitement. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A mother of a 5 y.o. girl consulted a doctor about doughter's involuntary urination at night, nightmares, sleep disorders, slow gaining of body weight. Objectively: malnutrition, intellectual development is good, the girl can read and explains common situations quite adultly. Her skin is very pale, liver is enlarged in size. Her mother suffers from holetithi-asis. What type of diathesis is the most probable in the child's case?
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A 2 y.o. boy was admitted to the hospital with weight loss, unstable feces, anorexia, following the semolina's introduction (since 5 months). The child is adynamic, flabby, his skin is pale and dry, subcutaneous fat layer is emaciated. Distended and tensed abdomen, tympanitis on percussion of the upper part of abdomen, splashing sounds, feces are foamy, of light color, foul. On coprocytogram: a lot of neutral fat. What is the most probable cause of the disease?
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In a city with population 400000 people 5600 fatal cases were recorded, including 3300 cases because of blood circulation diseases, 730 - because of tumors. What index will allow to characterize mortality from blood circulation diseases in this city?
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A laboratory obtained a milk sample sent for analysis. Analysis gave the following data: color - whitish, smell - has no pecularities, taste - typical for milk, density - 1,038, acidity - Turner's 35°, fat - 3,2%. What is the quality level of this milk?
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A 50 y.o. male patient was taken to the emergency department with diffuse abdominal pain and signs of cardiovascular collapse. On arrival he had BP-95/60 mm Hg, Ps- 120/min, diuresis - 20 ml/h, HgB- 100 g/L, RBC- 2,1 × 1012/l. The patient needs introduction of:
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A 34 y.o. patient has been suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis for 7 years; he complains of muscle weakness, weight loss, diarrhea, frequent urination. Objectively: hyperpigmentation of skin, gums, internal surface of cheeks. AP- 90/58 mm Hg. Blood count: RBC- 3,1 × 1012/l, Hb- 95 g/L, C.I.- 0,92; leukocytes - 9,4 × 109/l, eosinophils - 7, segmentonuclear leukocytes - 45, stab neutrophils - 1, lymphocytes - 40, monocytes - 7, Na -115 mmol/L, K - 7,3 mmol/L. What is the preliminary diagnosis?
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A 52 y.o. patient fell from 3 m height on the flat ground with the right lumbar area. He complains of pain in this area. There is microhematuria in the urea. Excretory urography revealed that kidney's functioning is satisfactory. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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An 18 y.o. woman consulted a gynecologist about the pain in the lower part of abdomen, fever up to 37,5°C, considerable mucopurulent discharges from the genital tracts, painful urination. Vaginal examination with mirrors: the urethra is infiltrated, cervix of the uterus is hyperemic, erosive. The uterus is painful, ovaries are painful, thickened; fornixes are free. Bacterioscopy test revealed diplococcus. What diagnosis is the most probable?
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After manual reposition and application of plaster splint a patient with fractures of forearm bones had an edema of hand and fingers, he felt pain and lack of sensitivity. What tactics should the doctor choose?
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A child with chronic cardialtis, cardial insufficiency IIA that is being treated with digoxin has got progressing bradycardia, nausea, vomiting. dizziness, sleep disorders. ECG results: extrasystole, PQ-0,18. What is the most probable cause of this condition?
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During the medical examination a port crane operator complained of dizziness, nausea, sense of pressure against tympanic membranes, tremor, dyspnoea, cough. He works aloft, the work is connected with emotional stress. Workers are affected by vibration (general and local), noise, ultrasound, microclimate that warms in summer and cools in winter. What factor are the worker's complaints connected with?
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