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KROK 2 Medicine 2023 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2023 KROK 2 Medicine exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A person fell from a ladder from the height of 2 m. An emergency medicine physician suspects a vertebral compression fracture at the level of L1-L2. Objectively, the blood pressure is 100/60 mm Hg, the pulse is 104 / min. What aid must be provided to the person at the scene of the accident
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A man was repairing a fence and injured his right elbow with a wire. Three days later he developed edema, hyperemia, reduced range of movements in the joint, intense pain, and local and general increase of temperature. Objectively, the right elbow is enlarged, the skin over it is edematous and hyperemic, regional lymph nodes are enlarged, thickened, and painful. Palpation. of the right elbow detects sharp pain and fluctuation. Make the provisional diagnosis.
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A victim has a II-III degree burn injury that covers 15 % of the body surface. On day 20 after the injury, the patient presents with a sharp increase in the body temperature, general weakness, and frequent shallow respirations. The blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. the pulse is 112 /min. What complication can be suspected in this case?
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A 22-year-old young man came to a doctor with complaints of fever and cough with yellow sputum. These symptoms have been observed for the last seven days. Physical examination shows the following: body temperature 38.3° C, blood pressure-130/70 mm Hg, heart rate-79 /min., respiratory rate. 17 /min., SpO₂- 95 %. Auscultation detects moist crackles on the left. Survey X-ray of the chest reveals left lower lobe consolidations. What drug should be prescribed to the patient in this case?
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A 40-year-old woman has been suffering from epilepsy since she was 15. Generalized epileptic seizures occur 2-3 times a month at night and are accompanied by involuntary urination and defecation. After a psychotrauma (her father's death), the attacks became more frequent and now occur every 2-3 minutes. The woman does not return to consciousness between the attacks, her pupils are unresponsive to light. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
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A 26-year-old woman, who has been suffering from rheumatoid arthritis for 8 months, has edemas of her elbow, radiocarpal, knee, and ankle joints, and rheumatoid nodules in the area of her elbow joints. Complete blood count shows ESR of 57 mm/hour and C-reactive protein (+++). X-ray of the joints reveals marked osteoporosis. What medicine would be used as the basic therapy in this case?
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A 55-year-old woman came to a doctor with complaints of thyroid enlargement that could be observed throughout the last 2 years and a discomfort during swallowing. Objectively, she has signs of hypothyroidism. The thyroid gland on palpation is dense, non-fused with the surrounding tissues and mobile during swallowing. The regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. Laboratory testing detects antithyroid antibodies in the blood serum. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
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A girl with the weight of 3100 g was born at home from her mother's third pregnancy. On the third day, the mother noticed small hemorrhages in the umbilical wound, as well as "red dots" on the selera of the child's eyes. The mother was not registered for prenatal care checkups. She is breastfeeding her baby as needed. Physical examination detects subconjunctival hemorrhages. Laboratory testing revealed that the hemoglobin levels were 155 g /L, the mother's blood group was B (III) Rh-positive, while the child's blood group was A (II) Rh-negative. What is the optimal tactics to prevent the progression of this condition in the child?
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Forensic examination of the body of a baby detects the following: weight-3500 g. body length 50 cm, the umbilical cord is smooth, moist, shiny, without signs of drying. lung float tests are positive. What is indicated by the results of the lung float tests in this case
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A 46-year-old patient complains of double vision and drooping of the eyelids that occur mainly in the second half of the day and almost completely disappear after a rest. Examination detects slight bilateral ptosis, reduced lateral movement of the eyeballs, diplopia, and positive proserin (neostigmine) test. Make the diagnosis.
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A 65-year-old man with acute anterior myocardial infarction developed an asphyxia attack. Examination detects diffuse cyanosis. His heart rate is 100 / min. His blood pressure is 120/100 mm Hg. Auscultation detects numerous heterogeneous moist crackles in the lungs. What complication has developed in this patient?
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A 54-year-old man was hospitalized with complaints of general weakness, fever of 38.6 ° C, shortness of breath during significant physical exertion, and frequent nosebleeds. He works in production of plastics, where he comes into contact with aromatic compounds. Objectively, his skin is pale and dry. Complete blood count shows the following: erythrocytes -2.1 10¹2 / L, Hb-90 g / Leukocytes -2.2 10 % / L, eosinophils 1 %, band neutrophils-1 %, segmented 75 %, lymphocytes-20 %, neutrophils myelocytes ESR-32 mm / hours. What is the most likely 3 %, platelets-30-10 % / L, diagnosis in this case
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A 36-year-old woman complains of pain in her joints and muscles, loss of appetite, constipations, rapid fatigability, and a subfebrile body temperature. Objectively, she has dysphagia, symmetrical arthritis, skin thickening on her hands and feet, atrophy and small ulcers on the fingertips, Raynaud's syndrome, telangiectasia. What disease is the cause of such a clinical presentation?
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For 12 hours, a woodcutter has been working outdoors in windy weather at the air temperature of + 4-5°C. His shoes were compressing the distal parts of his feet. Now he complains of a pricking and burning pain in his toes 1-3 on both feet, pain in the interphalangeal joints, and decreased skin sensitivity in toes 1-3. Examination detects slightly edematous toes, bluish skin, painful and reduced movements in the interphalangeal joints, slightly reduced skin sensitivity, and retained pulsation of the arteries on the dorsum of the feet. What is the provisional diagnosis in this case?
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A 25-year-old woman had an abortion half a year ago. She complains of loss of appetite, weakness, and arthralgia. Two weeks later, she developed dark urine and jaundice. Against this background, her general condition continues to deteriorate. Viral hepatitis is suspected. What marker of viral hepatitis is likely to be positive in the patient?
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A 38-year-old pregnant woman, gravid a 2, gestation term of 23-24 weeks, has type 2 diabetes mellitus, for which she receives metformin in the dose of 2500 mg per 24 hours. Laboratory analysis detects glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of 72 %. What further treatment strategy should be chosen for this patient?
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A 64-year-old man fell to the floor, landing on his left side. Objectively, shortening of the left limb and external rotation of the hip are observed. The patient is unable to perform the straight leg raise test. During palpation and tapping on the heel, the patient feels pain in the hip joint. What is the likely diagnosis in this case?
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A patient with epilepsy suddenly developed status epilepticus with generalized seizures after self-discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs. What are the first-line drugs for the treatment of this condition?
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A 27-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of pain and swelling in his toes II and III on the left foot, redness of the eyes and purulent discharge from them, and painful urination. Patient history-taking revealed that the patient has several sexual partners and rarely uses condoms. Physical examination revealed bilateral conjunctivitis and dactylitis of the toes. Blood test shows ESR of 40 mm/hour. X-ray of the to detects an increase in the volume of soft tissues and joint space narrowing. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
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The patient's son has filed a lawsuit after his mother died of breast cancer. Due to the fact that in the past she survived a stroke and had diabetes, aggressive cancer therapy was contraindicated for her. She was suffering from severe pain, but doctors at the outpatient clinic were unable to obtain even 1 mg of morphine for her treatment. What kind of care should have been provided in this case by the primary care doctors to relieve the patient's condition?
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