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KROK 1 Dentistry 2007 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2007 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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Microscopic analysis of human heart cells revealed some oval oganellas, their tunic being formed by two membranes: the external one is smooth, and the internal one forms crista. Biochemical analysis determined the presence of ATP-synthetase enzyme. What organellas were analyzed?
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Trauma of occipital region of head resulted in crack fracture in the region of transverse sinus. What part of occipital bone is damaged?
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A chemical burn of esophagus caused it's local constriction as a result of scar formation. What cells of loose connective tissue take part in scar formation?
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Cerebral hemorrhage caused serious disturbance of taste sensibility. What brain structure is most likely to be damged?
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A child has disturbed processes of ossification and "punctate"enamel. What microelement metabolism is disturbed?
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A patient with adenoma of glomeral zone of adrenal cortex (Conn's disease) has arterial hypertension, convulsions, polyuria. What is the main link in pathogenesis of these disorders?
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A 22 year woman has enlarged lymphatic ganglions. Histological analysis of a ganglion revealed lymphocytes, histiocytes, reticular cells, small and great Hodgkin's cells, multinuclear Reed-Sternberg cells, solitary foci of caseous necrosis. What disease are these changes typical for?
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A patient with stomatitis was prescribed a medication of sulfanamide group. What is the mechanism of its antibacterial effect?
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A woman with ischemic heard disease has been taking an antianginal medication that has the following properties: dilates coronary arteries, peripheral vessels (arterial and venous), reduces the need of myocardium in oxygen, improves endocardial blood circulation. Name this preparation:
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A surgeon is going to take lympha from patient's thoracic duct in the point of its flowing into venous channel. Where exactly a cannula should be inserted?
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A woman has hyperemic ovary, increased permeability of hematofolli-cular barrier with the following development of edema, infiltration of follicle wall by segmentonuclear leukocytes. The follicle volume is large, its wall is thinned. What period of sexual cycle do these presentations correspond with?
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A man lost consciousness in a car with running engine where he had been waiting for a friend for a long time. What hemoglobin compaund can be found in the blood of the patient?
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What substance makes saliva viscous and mucous, has protective function, protects mucous membrane of oral cavity from mechanical damage?
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A 30-year-old man was exposed to irradiation with about 3 Gy. What blood change will be evident in 8 hours after irradiation?
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A 57-year-old patient has periodic uterine bleedings. Diagnostic endometrectomy was performed. Biopsy material contains among the blood elements some glandular complexes of different sizes and forms that consist of atypic cells with hyperchromic nuclei and multiple mitoses (including pathological ones). What is the most probable diagnosis?
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While the examination of patient's oral cavity the dentist found xerostomia, numerous erosions. What vitamin deficit caused this effect?
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In the vermiform appendix there was found a white helminth, 40 mm long with thin filiform forward end. Ecscrements contained oval eggs with plugs at the poles. Determine the kind of helminth:
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A 69-year-old patient has got an abscess of frontal lobe as a result of purulent infection in nasal cavity. What anatomical formation did the infection penetrate through?
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Premature infants have syndrom of respiratory failure. Failure of what aerohematic barriere component underlies this pathology?
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A patient has the sudden decrease of Ca2 content in blood. What hormone secretion will increase?
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Parodontitis is accompanied by activation of proteolysis in parodentium tissues. Increase of what oral fluid's component is the evidence of proteolysis activation?
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Four months ago a 43-year-old patient had a traumatic amputation of his lower extrimity. Now he complains of sensing the amputated extremity and having constantly grave, sometimes unbearable pain in it. What type of pain does he have?
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Autopsy of a man who suffered from essential hypertension revealed a cavity with rust-coloured walls in the cerebral substunce. What preceded the appearance of these changes?
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An unconscious patient was admitted to the hospital. Objectively: cold skin, miotic pupils, heavy breathing, Chaine-Stokes' periodicity, low arterial pressure, overfull urinary bladder. What caused the poisoning?
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Medical examination of some youths revealed in their axillary regions grey insects 1,0-1,5 mm large, with short broad body covered with hair. What insects were revealed?
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A patient displays abnormal retrodeviation of his lower jaw as a result of trauma in the region of mandibular coronal process. What muscle is most likely to be damaged?
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Histological examination in the area of neck of fundus gland reveals small cells that have high nuclear-cytoplasmatic ratio and basophilic cytoplasm. Name the function of these cells:
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It is required to set an experiment on an isolated excitable cell and to achieve increase of membrane rest potential (hyperpolarization). What ion channels should be activated to achieve such a result?
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Examination of an ill child's blood revealed inherited hyperlipoproteinemia. Genetic defect of what enzyme synthesis causes this phenomenon?
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In crisis period a 14-year-old child ill with diphtheria has AP- 70/50 mm Hg accompanied by abrupt fall in temperature and tachycardia. What form of vascular tone disturbance is it?
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Autopsy of a man who died from ethylene glycol poisoning revealed that his kidneys are a little bit enlarged, edematic; their capsule can be easily removed. Cortical substance is broad and light-grey. Medullary substance is dark-red. What pathology had this man?
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A 30-year-old patient consulted a doctor about having diarrhea and stomach aches for 5 days, temperature rise up to 37,5°C with chills. The day before the patient was in a forest and drank some water from an open pond. He was diagnosed with amebic dysentery that was bacteriologically confirmed. Name the medication for treatment of this disease:
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There are trisome, translocational and mosaic forms of Down's Syndrome. What method of human genetics can be applied to differentiate the said forms of Down's syndrome?
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A patient has disorder of tear flow after a cold. What autonomic ganglion had been most damaged?
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Histological examination of trasverse enamel slice revealed linear banding in form of concentric circles that is pointing at an angle to the dentinoenamel junction. Name these structures:
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A man has considerable disorder of protein, fat and carbohydrate digestion. Reduced secretion of what digestive juice is the most probable cause of this phenomenon?
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A 42-year-old woman diagnosed with diabetes mellitus was admitted th the endocrinological department with complaints of thirst, excessive appetite. What pathological components are revealed in course of laboratory examination of the patient's urine?
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A patient ill with jaundice has increased content of conjugated bilirubin and bile acids in blood, no stercobili-nogen in urine. What jaundice are these symptomps typical for?
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During the histologic lung analysis of a man who died from cardiac insufficiency the inflammation focuses were revealed. Alveoles were full of light-pink fluid, here and there with pinkish fibers that formed a close-meshed reticulum with a small number of lymphocytes. What type of exudate is present in lungs?
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A surgeon cleansed his hands with 70% solution of ethyl alcochol before an operation. What is the main mechanism of preparation's antiseptic effect upon microorganisms?
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