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KROK 1 Dentistry 2011 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2011 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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A shepherd who has tended sheep together with dogs presents with chest pain and blood spitting. X-ray examination revealed a roundish neoplasm in his lungs. Immunological reactions confirmed the provisional diagnosis. Specify the helminth that might have caused this disease:
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Sdudying the mitotic cycle phases of an onion root the researchers revealed a cell with chromosomes lying in equatorial plane in form of a star. What phase of mitosis is it?
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Premolar teeth absence is inherited as an autosomal dominant factor. Parents with normal dental system gave birh to a child with lacking premolar teeth. What is the probability of giving birth to children without this pathology (%) in this family?
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A mother consulted a pediatrician about small white filiform worms about 1 cm long with pointed ends that she found on her child's underwear. According to the mother, the child sleeps badly, grits his teeth, scrathes the area of anus. Specify the helminth type:
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A couple has a son with hemophilia. The parents are healthy but the maternal grandfather also has hemophilia. Specify the type of inheritance:
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An embryo has a disturbed development of blood-vascular system caused by a teratogenic factor. This disturbance occurred in the following germ layer:
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Inside a human cell the informational RNA containing both exons and introns was delivered to the granular endoplasmic reticulum to the ribosomes. What process does NOT take place?
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Two weeks after haemotransfusion a patient has developed fever. What protozoal disease can be suspected?
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One of the protein synthesis stages is recognition. The first iRNA triplet starts with UAU triplet. What complementary triplet is found in tRNA?
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Examination of newborns in one of the Ukrainian cities revealed a baby with phenylketonuria. The baby's parents don't suffer from this disease and have two other healthy children. Specify the most likely parents' genotype with phenylketonuria gene:
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A patient has a right-sided fracture in the region of the frontal third of mandible accompanied by a haematoma in the region of chin. It is caused by the injury of the following artery:
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A patient has myocardial infarction in the region of the anterior wall of the left ventricle. Circulatory dysfunction occurred in the following vascular basin:
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A 23-year-old patient complains of increased salivation. Production of large amount of serous saliva is caused by the stimulation of the following vegatative ganglion:
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As a result of a cold a patient has the abnormal pain and temperature sensitivity of the frontal 2/3 of his tongue. Which nerve must have been damaged?
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A victim has been delivered to a hospital with an open fracture of mandible ramus and profuse bleeding in the region of fracture. What artery is most likely to be damaged?
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A patient with a tumour of thymus presents with cyanosis, expansion of subcutaneous venous network and soft tissue edema of face, neck, upper trunk and upper extremities. What vein is compressed by the tumour?
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A victim who had been rescued from under the ruins was found to have confused mental state, multiple subcutaneous hemorrhages on his head and neck, small wound on the face. There was a scalping in the posterosuperior parts of head and a significant deformation of head contours. What bones might have been damaged?
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A patient was delivered to a hospital with the fracture of mandible and considerable bleeding in the region of fracture. What artery is likely to be dameged?
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A 42-year-old patient came to a first-aid post because of a cut wound in the lower part of the anterior shoulder surface. Objectively: the patient has difficulties with forearm flexion. What muscles are most likely to be damaged?
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A victim has a left-sided comminuted fracture of cheekbone accompanied by loss of skin sensitivity above it. What nerve is damaged?
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A 47-year-old female patient was diagnosed with a tumour of the tongue apex. Metastases are likely to spread into the following regional lymph nodes:
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A patient has a craniocerebral trauma. X-ray examination revealed a fracture of skull base. The fracture line passes through the spinous and round foramens. What bone is damaged?
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A 60-year-old male patient is unable to urinate after a surgery and needs a catheter installation. When a manipulator is not skilled enough, he can pierce the ureter in its following part (normally it's the most narrow part):
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A 30-year-old male patient consulted a dentist about a mastication disorder and pain provoked by pulling the jaw backwards. The dentist diagnosed the patient with an inflammation of one of the masticatory muscles. Which muscle is inflamed?
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After a trauma of soft tissues in the region of the posterior sorface of medial condyle of humerus a patient has got a skin prickle of medial forearm surface. Which of the listed nerves is located in the affected region?
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After a fall a patient got unable to extend his knee joint. What muscle is likely to be damaged?
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Inflammation of tympanic cavity got complicated by the mastoid bone inflammation. Which wall of the tympanic cavity did the pus penetrate through?
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A victim has a trauma resulting from the direct blow to the internal surface of the middle third of shin. What anatomic formation is most likely to be broken?
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A boy has fallen down from a tree. Now he finds it difficult to abduct his arm into horizontal position. Which muscle is most likely to be injured?
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A surgeon concluded that the biggest space for examination and surgical procedures on pancreas can be created by dissection of lig. gastrocolicum. It allows to penetrate into the following space of abdominal cavity:
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A female patient with a tumour of pancreas has developed mechanic jaundice resulting from compression of a bile-excreting duct. Which duct is compressed?
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After a severe trauma of visceral cranium a patient has a deglutition disorder with food getting to the nasopharynx. This is the result of the following muscle's disfunction:
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Elderly people often complain of joint pain that can be associated with age-related changes of tissue covering the joint surface. What tissue is it?
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An electronic microphotography of a sense organ shows some hair cells with short microvilli - stereocilia - located on their apical surface and a polar kinocili-um. What sense organ are these cells typical for?
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During postembryonal haemopoiesis in the red bone marrow the cells of one of the cellular differons demonstrate a gradual decrease in cytoplasmic basophilia as well as an increase in oxyphilia, the nucleus is being forced out. Such morphological changes are typical for the following haemopoiesis type:
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A patient with a serious trauma of his upper extremity has an impai- red regeneration of cartilaginous tissue as a result of a damage done to poorly differentiated cells of cartilage lineage. What cells has been damaged?
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An electronic microphotography shows epidermis with some dendritic cells among common cubic cells. These cells have a well-developed Golgi complex, a lot of ribosomes and melanosomes. These cells are called:
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Histological study of two different tooth specimens revealed acellular and cellular cement, respectively. The second specimen comes from the following tooth part:
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A married couple complains of inability to have children. Examination revealed that the husband had his spermatogenetic epithelium of a testicle damaged, which caused absence of spermatozoons in his sperm and infertility as a result. Which part of testicle was damaged?
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A histologic specimen of the sagittal section of mandible primordium of a 3,5-month-old human embryo shows an epithelial organ surrounded by compactly arranged mesenchymal cells. This mesenchymal formation is called:
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