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KROK 1 Dentistry 2011 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2011 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A histological specimen of an oral cavity organ represents three zones: adipose, glandular and fibrous. Specify this organ:
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An embryo had its external layer of dental saccule experimentally destroyed. What dental structure won't have any further development?
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An electronic microphotography shows a renal corpuscle with dendritic cells between the capillaries of choroid glomus. Their cytoplasm contains a large number of filaments. Specify these cells:
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Obliterating atherosclerosis causes changes in the vessels of the lower extermities. A histological specimen of such a vessel evidently presents both internal and external elastic membranes, middle membrane contains a lot of myocytes. What vessel is affected in case of this disease?
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An inflammation is characterized by the dilatation of blood capillaries in the region of injury, reduced circulation, increased permeability of vessel walls. What cells play the main part in the development of these changes?
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A histological specimen shows an extraembryonic organ in form of a vesicle linked to the entodermal canal. Its wall is lined with epithelium, exteriorly it is made up by connective tissue. In the early stages of embryogenesis this organ has hematopoietic function. Name this organ:
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A 30-year-old woman has subnormal concentration of enzymes in the pancreatic juice. This might be caused by the hyposecretion of the following gastrointestinal hormone:
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It is known that people who permanently live in highland have an increased concentration of erythrocytes per each blood volume unit. Owing to this fact blood can optimally fulfil the following function:
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A patient complains of frequent gingival hemorrhages he has been experiencing since his childhood. Blood test revealed a deficiency in blood-coagulation factor VIII. This means that the patient has an impairment of:
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A patient has a trauma of sternocleidomastoid muscle. This caused a decrease in value of the following indicator of external respiration:
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Dentists commonly practice local anaesthetization by applying novocain solution with 0,1% adrenalin solution. The added adrenalin induces:
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During an acute experiment some of diluted solution of hydrochloric acid was injected into the duodenal cavity of an experimental animal. This will result in hypersecretion of the following hormone:
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During a brain surgery it was noticed that stimulation of certain zones of cerebral cortex caused tactile and thermal sensations in patient. Which zone was being stimulated?
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Heart rate of an adult man is 40/min. This rate is possible due to the following element of the cardiac conduction system:
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A 70-year-old patient is diagnosed with brainstem hemorrhage. Examination revealed increased tonus of flexor muscles accompanied by decreased tonus of extensor muscles. Such changes in muscle tonus can be explained by the irritation of the following brain structures:
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A child has abnormal formation of tooth enamel and dentin as a result of low concentration of calcium ions in blood. Such abnormalities might be caused by deficiency of the following hormone:
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After a long training session a sportsman has developed fatigue accompanied by abrupt performance decrement. What link of the reflex arch was the fatigue initiated in?
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A child presents with symptoms of psychic and physical retardation (cretinism). It is usually associated with the following hormone deficiency:
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After a tourniquet application a patient was found to have petechial hemorrhages. The reason for it is the dysfunction of the following cells:
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A man is eating dry food. Which salivary glands secrete the largest amount of saliva in this case?
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Indirect calorimetry allowed to establish that a 30-year-old male patient had a 30% decrease in basal metabolic rate. This might be caused by the reduced concentration of the following hormones in blood plasma:
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A patient under test was subjected to a moderate physical stress. His minute blood volume amounted 10 l/min. What blood volume was pumped through his lung vessels every minute?
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A patient lost consciousness as a result of a cerebral trauma. This might be caused by damaging the following zones of cerebral cortex:
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A patient presents with the following motor activity disturbances: tremor, ataxia and asynergia f movements, dysarthria. The disturbances are most likely to be localized in:
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Power inputs of a man are being measured on an empty stomach, in the lying position, at physical and psychic rest, under comfortable temperature. The highest power inputs will be ovserved in the following daypart:
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A man has a considerable decrease in diuresis as a result of 1,5 l blood loss. The primary cause of such diuresis disorder is the hypersecretion of the following hormone:
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A 32-year-old female patient suffers from gingivitis accompanied by gum hypoxia. What metabolite of carbohydrate metabolism is produced in the periodontium tissues more actively in this case?
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A month after a serious operation a 38-year-old patient has recovered and has now positive nitrogen balance. Urine of this patient may be found to have low concentration of the following nitrogen-containing substance:
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A man is in the state of rest. He has been forcing himself to breath deeply and frequently for 3-4 minutes. What effect will it have upon acid-bace balance of the organism?
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A patient suffers from hypertension and atherosclerosis. He should reduce the consumption of the folowing lipide:
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A patient has been delivered to a hospital with a provisional diagnosis of progressing muscle dystrophy. This diagnosis can be confirmed by the increased concentration of the following substance found in urine:
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Before the cells can utilize the glucoze, it is first transported from the extracellular space through the plasmatic membrane inside theml. This process is stimulated by the following hormone:
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A patient's blood shows an increased concentration of pyruvate which is excreted with urine for the most part. This is typical for the following vitamin deficiency:
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Parodontitis is treated with calcium preparations and a hormone that stimulates tooth mineralization and inhibits tissue resorption. What hormone is it?
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A 35-year-old female patient with a chronic renal disease has developed osteoporosis. The cause of this complication is the deficiency of the following substance:
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A 50-year-old man sustained a great stress. This caused a dramatic increase in adrenalin and noradrenaline concentration. What enzymes catalyze the inactivation of the latter?
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A child has an acute renal failure. What biochemical factor found in saliva can confirm this diagnosis?
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Analysis of a newborn's urine revealed phenylpyruvic acid. Its presence in urine is associated with the following pathology:
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After severe viral hepatitis a 4-year-old boy presents with vommiting, occasional loss of consciousness, convulsions. Blood test revealed hyperammoniemia. Such condition is caused by a disorder of the following biochemical hepatic process:
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An emotional stress induces activation of hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase in the adipocytes. What secondary mediator takes part in this process?
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