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KROK 1 Dentistry 2019 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2019 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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A patient with a head trauma was brought to the hospital. He was diagnosed with a fracture of the sphenoid bone at the base the sphenoidal process. What canal is likely to be damaged in this case?
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Examination shows that the patient has disturbed secretory function of a parotid gland due to pathology of the nerve that carries parasympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers from the otic ganglion to the affected gland. What nerve is it?
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An electron microphotograph of duodenal epithelium clearly shows a cell with electron - dense granules in the basal pole. What cell is it?
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In an experiment, cerebral neurons of a test animal were electrostimulated, which resulted in hypophagia (refusal to take food). Where in the brain were the electrodes placed?
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When providing dental care, the dentist received a trauma of the index finger. The skin was breached, and the wound is likely to be contaminated with the patient's blood. In such cases regulations require for the patient to be examined for HIV-infection and viral hepatitis. What type of examination is necessary in this case?
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A patient with acute retention of urine has been brought to an admission room. During examination a doctor found out that the patient has urethral obturation caused by pathology of the surrounding organ. Name this organ:
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A patient has suffered a head injury. On examination there is a subcutaneous hematoma in the temporal area. What vessel was damaged, thus resulting in hematoma development?
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A patient came to the doctor with complaints of general weakness and sleep disturbances. Objectively the patient's skin is yellow. In blood there is increased concentration of direct bilirubin and bile acids. Acholic stool is observed. What condition can be characterized by these changes?
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A victim of an accident presents with a deep stab - incised wound on the upper posterior surface of the shoulder. Extension function of the elbow, wrist, and fingers is disturbed. Skin sensitivity is lost in the upper posterior surface of the shoulder and forearm. What nerve was damaged?
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The patient's EEG shows delta and theta rhythms, which indicates that the patient is in a state of:
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After a traumatic brain injury, the patient developed a urinary system dysfunction - polyuria. What hormone secretion was disturbed, resulting in polyuria in this patient?
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During experiment, the myotome was destroyed in the rabbit fetus. This manipulation will result in malformation of the following structure:
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After prolonged taking of an antibiotic, the patient developed round white spots on the oral mucosa and white deposit on the tongue. What microorganism is the likely cause of these signs?
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Examination of the patient shows that the patient's tongue cannot be moved forward (the patient cannot stick his tongue out). What muscle is damaged?
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To treat a phlegmon of the neck caused by anaerobic infection, the complex therapy includes an imidazole antimicrobial agent. Specify this chemotherapeutic agent:
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A dental surgeon has diagnosed a 24-year-old woman with suppurative inflammation of the sphenoidal sinus. All possible measures are taken to prevent the artery wall from being involved in this process. The artery is located in the cavernous sinus and its involvement can cause fatal hemorrhage. Name this artery:
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Disturbed auditory function can be caused by changes in the structure of the receptor cells of spiral organ of Corti. What cells are affected in such case?
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An 84-year-old patient suffers from parkinsonism. One of the pathogenetic development elements of this disease is deficiency of a certain mediator in some of the brain structures. Name this mediator:
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A patient suffers from angina pectoris. What antianginal drug is this patient indicated if he is allergic to iodine?
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A 30-year-old patient hospitalized with diagnosis of acute glomerulonephritis presents with proteinuria. disturbance has caused this phenomenon?
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The pediatrician examines a one-year-old child. The child has 4 teeth in the oral cavity. How many milk teeth should the child have at this age?
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Sodium citrate was used to preserve donor blood. What should be added to this blood to induce its coagulation?
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A patient is in the state of hypoglycemic coma. What hormone can cause this condition if overdosed?
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A woman complains of headache, muscle pain during swallowing, chewing and eyeball movement, elevated temperature, swollen face and eyelids. The signs developed 1.5-2 months after she had eaten pork without sanitary certificate. What helminth can cause these signs in a human?
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At the crown apex of the second molar, on the surface that comes into contacts with the cheek, the doctor detected a carious cavity. Name the affected crown surface:
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Fatigability of masticatory muscles can result in their abnormally slow relaxation, which impairs mechanical processing of food. Name this condition:
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A certain hereditary syndrome affects teeth, hair, and bones.Each generation has affected individuals. The syndrome occurs equally frequent in men and women. What type of inheritance is it?
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The patient's right palpebral fissure is markedly larger than the left. What mimic muscle is functionally disturbed in this case?
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A patient with dislocated jaw was given a short-actining muscle relaxant by a doctor. Name this drug
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A 36-year-old patient with diabetes mellitus had seizures with loss of consciousness after an insulin injection. What was the result of blood glucose test?
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A 28-year-old patient had been diagnosed with multifragmental fracture of the right hip. On the third day after the injury, he began to complain of pain in the right side of chest, difficult respiration. A day later the patient died of progressive heart and respiratory failure. Histological study of pulmonary and cerebral blood vessels revealed orange sudanophilic droplets that completely obstructed the vessels of microvasculature. What complication caused the death of the patient?
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Histological examination of a lymph node removed from the posterior triangle of neck of an 18-year-old patient revealed some cell agglomerations that included single multinuclear Reed - Sternberg cells, major Hodgkin's cells, minor Hodgkin's cells, and many lymphocytes, single plasmatic cells, and eosinophils. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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In a maternity hospital a newborn should receive vaccination tuberculosis. What vaccine should be against chosen?
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Histological examination of the mandibular bone shows a tumor consisting of fibrous tissue that surrounds basophilic cement - like foci of varying size. Make the diagnosis, what kind of tumor it is:
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Secretory units of salivary glands are surrounded with specific contractile cells. Name these cells:
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In what organ biotransformation (metabolic transformation of most medicinal agents occurs upon their introduction into an organism?
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To terminate hypertensive crisis the patient was administered solution of magnesium sulfate. What route of drug administration should be chosen?
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A man after a traffic accident was brought in a severe condition to the intensive care unit. The patient's condition can be described as a severe pathologic process accompanied by exhaustion of vital functions that brings the body to the brink of death due to critical decrease of capillary circulation in the affected organs. Name the patient's condition:
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To induce experimental avitaminosis H in the laboratory rats, the animals were for a long time kept on a diet with excess of raw egg - whites, which hindered absorption of vitamin
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Microslide of CNS a impregnated with silver shows piriform cells. The cells are aligned in a cellular process branch off from the apices of the cells. These processes branch out further and form nearly two-dimensional layers. Name these cells:
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