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KROK 1 Dentistry 2019 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2019 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 45-year-old man had a cyst removed from the region of his gonial angle. The cyst was 1.5 cm in diameter and contained numerous keratinous masses. Histology shows that the cyst wall is thin and formed from mature connective tissue, cyst interior is lined with stratified squamous epithelium with marked parakeratosis and hyperkeratosis. Make the diagnosis:
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A bacteriological laboratory received a sample of dried fish from an outbreak of food poisoning. Inoculation of the sample on Kitt - Tarozzi medium revealed microorganisms resembling tennis racket. These microorganisms are causative agents of the following disease:
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A patient complains of painful chewing. especially when his lower jaw moves forward and to the side It indicates functional disorder of the following muscles:
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Erythrocytes of a person with fourth blood group (genotype IAIB) contain both antigen A controlled by allele IA and antigen B that is the product of allele IB expression. What type of gene interaction is demonstrated by this phenomenon?
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On microscopic examination of a surgical biopsy material (part of the lip with an ulcer) near the ulcer margins and under the ulcer floor in the connective tissue of mucosa there are epithelial complexes composed of atypical, stratified epithelium with pathological mitotic figures. Within these complexes there are accumulations of bright pink concentric formations. What pathology is it?
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A 43-year-old man complains of sudden skin edema and redness with vesicles and itching. He developed these signs after eating shrimps. Such local signs are characteristic of the following type of hypersensitivity:
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A patient presented to a Hospital with complaints about quick fatigability and significant muscle weakness. Examination revealed an autoimmune disease that causes functional disorder of receptors in the neuromuscular synapses. This will result in the disturbed activity of the following mediator
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The patient's urine contains sugar and ketone bodies; blood glucose is 10.1 mmol /
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The third heart sound can be detected via phonocardiogram only in adult non asthenic patients. It occurs during the following phase of a cardiac cycle:
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In the genetic consultancy a pregnant examined. US shows normally developed fetus, no abnormalities in the cardiovascular system, ductus arteriosus is functional. What fetal vessels are connected with ductus arteriosus?
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In the process of tooth extraction, the connection between the tooth cement and tooth socket is being destroyed. Name this connecting structure:
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A traumatologist has diagnosed a patient with a fracture in the area of the canine fossa. This fossa is located on the:
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A woman complains of impaired gustatory sensitivity of her tongue. This disturbance can be caused by the damage to a certain nucleus of the medulla oblongata. Name this nucleus:
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The doctor observes a disturbed process of lacrimation in the patient due to irritation of one of the branches of the VII pair of cranial nerves. What branch is being irritated?
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A patient presents with osteoporosis.Hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia are observed in the patient's blood. What is the cause of this condition?
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A 12-year-old boy has tetanic convulsions. What gland is likely to be functionally impaired in this case?
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A patient on examination presents with prolonged I heart sound. This heart sound occurs as the result of:
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What type of hemophilia inheritance results in men being affected by hemophilia and in women being carriers of this disease?
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Nitrogen (II) oxide is a molecule with a short lifespan that takes part in vasodilation, immune processes, and neurotransmission. What enzyme participates in formation of nitrogen (II) oxide from arginine?
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Prior to a complex surgery the patient developed skin pallor, rapid heart pulse, increase in respiration rate, elevated blood pressure and dry mouth. These signs activation of:
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A patient suffers from diabetes mellitus with fasting hyperglycemia over 7.2 mmol /
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It is dangerous to eat plants and mushrooms harvested along the motorways due to high risk of lead poisoning. What is the main source of lead contamination in the environment?
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A 50-year-old man declined anesthesia during dental manipulations. Due to severe pain, he developed anuria. caused by acute increase in production of:
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Bacteria that enter the body are being phagocytized by macrophages What is the role of macrophages in cooperation of immunocompetent cells during the first phase of immune response?
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What artery can be damaged when conduction anesthesia is being administered to the area of mandibular foramen?
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A 32-year-old asymptomatic progression of the disease woman with for the second time gave birth to a stillborn baby with marked microcephaly, what disease can be suspected in this case?
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30 minutes after dental treatment the patient developed red itching spots on the face and oral mucosa. The patient was diagnosed with urticaria. What bioactive substance with vasodilating and pruriginous effect is produced during this type of allergic reaction?
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Erythrocyte needs energy in the form of ATP for its vital functions. What process supplies erythrocytes with necessary amount of ATP?
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X - ray scan shows a skull fracture. The line of the fracture passes through the supraorbital rim. What bone is damaged?
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A patient is diagnosed with parathyroid tumor. He presents with generalized fibrous osteodystrophy and periodical renal colic attacks. US detects small nephroliths in the kidneys. What is the most likely cause of nephrolithiasis in this case?
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A patient is diagnosed with parathyroid tumor. He presents with generalized fibrous osteodystrophy and periodical renal colic attacks. US detects small nephroliths in the kidneys. What is the most likely cause of nephrolithiasis in this case?
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When studying chemical composition of a tooth tissue, is determined that 95 -97 % of this tissue consists of mineral substances (hydroxyapatite, carbonate apatite, fluorapatite), 1-2 % consists of organic compounds, and 3 % consists of water What type of dental tissue is it?
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A diet must include fats. Fats perform plastic function in an organism due to their inclusion in:
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Every diet includes products with dietary fiber. These fibers cannot be digested by gastrointestinal enzymes and can’t absorbed by the body. What is the role of dietary fiber?
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Microscopy of the samples obtained from the patient's pharynx and stained according to Neisser shows bacilli with thickened poles situated at an angle to each other. Name the likely species of these microorganisms:
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A patient with acute pancreatitis presents with significantly increased urine diastase levels. What proteolysis inhibitor must be included into complex therapy of this patient?
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A patient complains of acute spastic abdominal pain, frequent urge to defecate, liquid bloody feces with mucus. Laboratory analysis of fecal revealed inconstant in shape organisms with erythrocytes. What is the most likely smear diagnosis?
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The patient was prescribed Vicasol (Menadione) several days before the elective surgery for peptic ulcer disease of the stomach. What is the mechanism of action of this drug?
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A 26-year-old woman was found to have a tumor of the alveolar process. The tumor manifests as a dense node with clear margins. Histological examination shows homogeneous mononuclear small oval cells mixed with multinucleated giant cells, occasionally bone trabeculae form among the cells. Make the diagnosis:
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A child with a point mutation presents with absence of glucose 6 - phosphatase, hypoglycemia, and hepatomegaly. These signs are characteristic of:
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