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KROK 1 Dentistry 2020 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2020 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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During absolute starvation, the only source of water for the organism is a process of organic compounds oxidation. What substance in these conditions becomes the only source of water?
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A patient with signs of anxiety, fear, uncertainty, and mental strain was prescribed diazepam. What mechanism of tranquilizing action can be observed in this case?
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A histological microslide demonstrates a blood vessel. Its tunica intima consists of endothelium, inner elastic subendothelium, and membrane Smooth myocytes are predominant in its tunica media, while its tunica externa consists of loose fibrous connective tissue. What vessel has such morphology?.
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A patient, who for a long time had been taking medicines that block production of angiotensin II, developed bradycardia and arrhythmia. What is the likely cause of these disturbances?
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A certain drug with potent natriuretic action is usually prescribed for dehydration therapy of cerebral and pulmonary edema. Name this drug:
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A histological specimen shows three neurons: pseudounipolar, bipolar, and multipolar. How many axons will
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In the skin biopsy material in the epidermis there are cells with processes and dark brown granules in their cytoplasm. Name these cells:
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A certain disease of infection allergic or unknown origin leads to bilateral diffuse or focal non- suppurative inflammation of renal glomerular with apparatus characteristic renal and extrarenal signs. Name this disease:
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A dental surgeon removed a mandibular cyst, located in the area of the patient's second premolar. The cyst was thin-walled and formed in the alveolar ridge. Microscopically, the cyst cavity is lined with stratified squamous epithelium and contains a rudimentary tooth. Name this medical condition:
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Microslide of a cardiac tissue shows rectangular cells with central location of the nucleus and well-developed myofibrils that with Z-disks. These cells perform the are interconnected following cardiac function: each of these cells have?
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A patient complains of severe rhinitis and total loss of the sense of Receptors of the olfactory smell. analyzer are damaged in this patient. Where in the nasal cavity are these receptors located?
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A patient with radiation sickness developed signs of hemorrhagic syndrome. What mechanism is the most Important in the pathogenesis of this syndrome?
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A patient was diagnosed with acute Rhinogenic maxillary sinusitis (inflammation sinus) and hospitalized into the otorhinolaryngology department. How did the infection enter into the maxillary sinus?
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A certain substance contained in saliva is synthesized within salivary glands and outside of them. It makes saliva thick and slimy. Name this
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A previously healthy 8-year-old boy was brought to the emergency department by his parents because of fever and progressively worsening sore Physical throat and dysphagia. examination pharyngeal shows erythema with tender left and right cervical lymphadenopathy computed tomography (CT) shows fluid accumulation in the retropharyngeal A diagnosis of retropharyngeal space. abscess is suspected. Which of the following fasciae is most likely involved in this process?
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To set the dislocated jaw, it is necessary to pull it downwards: What anatomical structure makes this action necessary?
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What acid is an Intermediate product in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and takes part in calcium ion binding?
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X-ray shows enlargement of the sella Turcica caused by a pituitary tumor. What bone cavity is affected in this case? substance:
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Lower limbs of a patient with varicose veins were examined. The patient's legs are cyanotic and pastose, their skin temperature is low, single petechiae are observed. What disturbance of hemodynamics is it?
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Oral examination of a 52-year-old woman by a dentist shows that the gums of her lower jaw are hyperemic swollen, and bleeding. Her lower jaw incisors have 2nd degree mobility and dentogingival pockets that produce yellow-green exudate when pressed. These signs are characteristic of: Arterial hyperemia
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A 38-year-old woman complains of sensory loss in the front 2/3 of her after an acute respiratory viral tongue disease. She has lost the sense of touch, pain, and temperature (scalded her tongue with hot tea). What branch of what nerve was damaged in this case?
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A patient with burns was examined by a doctor. It was determined that the skin damage was not deep. What layer will take the most active role in the regeneration of the damaged epidermis in this case?
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Due to an emotional factor, a person developed increased frequency of cardiac contractions, dilated pupils, and intensified pulmonary ventilation. What hormone caused these changes?
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A person bitten by a stray dog came to the surgeon's office. Wide lacerated wounds are localized on the patient's face. What rabies-prevention aid should be provided to this person?
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Respiratory and circulatory lead to disturbed oxygen diseases transport and, as a result, hypoxia. such conditions, Under energy exchange occurs due to anaerobic glycolysis, which results in formation and accumulation of the following in the blood:
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Examination of a fetus revealed cleft hard palate. Diagnose this congenital facial defect:
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Histological microslide of tooth development shows collagen fibers in the intercellular substance of a tissue pierced through with canaliculi. The fibers are arranged in radial and tangential directions. It is characteristic of the histogenesis of:
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Autopsy of a man, who died suddenly with signs of acute disturbed cerebral circulation, revealed an aneurysm A rupture of the medial cerebral artery and a round cavity 4 cm in diameter filled with blood in his frontal lobe. Name this type of hemorrhage:
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A patient with extensive burns received a skin graft from a donor. However, on the 8th day the graft became swollen and discolored and on the 11th day graft rejection started. What cells take part in this process?
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The patient's joints are enlarged and painful. Urate levels in the patient's blood serum are high. What metabolism is disturbed in this patient?
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Transplant rejection occurs when transplant and recipient have different antigen complexes. What type of transplantation the prevents development of this problem?
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The patient's right nasolabial fold is smoothed out, his right palpebral fissure is dilated (the eyelids won't close, when trying to close the eyes) and the patient has difficulties when speaking or eating (the food gets stuck between the teeth and cheek). What nerve is damaged?
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In a theoretical experiment, a toxic substance disrupts the mechanism of nerve impulse transmission between the cells. What structure ensures that this function is carried out properly?
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A 30-year-old woman has developed signs of virilism (body hair growth, balding temples, disturbed menstrual cycle). This condition can be caused by hyper-production of the following hormone:
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A 36-year-old man traveled to the mountains for a vacation (altitude of 2000 meters above the sea level). He developed increased respiration rate, tachycardia, and slight dizziness. Two days later these signs disappeared. This process is called:
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A 30-year-old driver had a traffic accident, in which he received a traumatic brain injury. He started complaining of thirst and increased 24-hour urine output. What part of the brain was injured in this case?
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Ziehl-Neelsen staining of bacterial smears prepared from the patient's sputum revealed thin bright-red acid-fast bacilli, located separately or in clusters. On the nutrient medium the first signs of growth were detected on day 10-15. What species of bacteria is
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A patient presents with increased activity of gastric G cells. What changes in gastric digestion occur in this case?
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A 35-year-old man was hospitalized with complaints of pain in his hepatic region. It was determined that the patient likes fishing and often eats undercooked fish. His feces contain very small and dark helminth eggs with an oval operculum. What helminthia is most likley in this case?
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Adrenaline is used to prolong novocaine (procaine) action during infiltration anesthesia. This effect occurs because adrenaline induces:
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