A 38-year-old man, who has been suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus for 3 years, developed diffuse renal lesions accompanied by massive edemas, marked proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, and dysproteinemia. What is the most likely mechanism of proteinuria develoment in this case?

Answer options

1. Inflammatory damage to the nephrons
2. Autoimmune damage to the nephrons
3. Ischemic damage to the tubules
4. Morbid affection of the urinary tracts
5. Increased blood proteins

Explanation

Because Lupus Erythematous is an auto immune disease, its manifestation will be due to auto immune damage. Here nephrons are damaged and proteins are abnormally filtered and excreted: proteinuria.