A 40-year-old man developed skin redness and swelling in the neck area, where eventually a small abscess appeared. On section the focus is dense and yellow-green colored. In the purulent masses there are white granules. Histologically there are fungal druses, plasma and xanthome cells, and macrophages detected. Specify the most correct etiological name of this pathological process:

Answer options

1. Furuncle
2. Actinomycosis
3. Syphilis
4. Carbuncle
5. Leprosy

Explanation

A xanthoma (Xanthos), meaning 'yellow', is a deposition of yellowish cholesterol-rich material that can appear anywhere in the body it can be caused by actinomycosis.Characteristic xanthomata saw in hyperlipidemia: Palmar xanthomaremnant hyperlipidemiamay less commonly be seen in familial hypercholesterolemiaEruptive xanthoma is due to high triglyceride levels and present as multiple red/yellow vesicles on the extensor surfaces (e.g. elbows, knees) Causes of eruptive xanthomafamilial hypertriglyceridemialipoprotein lipase deficiencyTendon xanthoma, tuberous xanthoma, xanthelasmafamilial hypercholesterolemiaremnant hyperlipidemiaXanthelasma is also seen without lipid abnormalities Management of xanthelasma, options include:surgical excisiontopical trichloroacetic acidlaser therapyelectrodesiccation