HomeKROK Question Archive
KROK Question Archive
KROK 1 Medicine 2019 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2019 KROK 1 Medicine exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
162 Questions81828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120
Histone protein synthesis is artificially blocked in a cell. What cell structure will be damaged as a result?
View question and answer
Some diseases of large intestine lead to the changes in the quantitative ratio between mucosal epithelial cells. What cell types are normally predominant in the cryptal epithelium of the large intestine?
View question and answer
After hyperventilation an athlete developed a brief respiratory arrest. It occurred due to the following changes in the blood:
View question and answer
Regional lymph nodes surrounding an infected wound are enlarged. Histological examination shows increased number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and lymphatic follicles in the cortical layer of the lymph nodes, as well as a large amount of plasma cells. What process in the lymph nodes is indicated by these histological changes?
View question and answer
During an invasive operation the surgeon needs to access the omental bursa of the peritoneal cavity via the omental foramen (foramen of Winslow). What anatomical structure makes up the anterior border of this foramen?
View question and answer
Histological analysis of a biopsy skin sample obtained from a 24-year-old patient detects caseous necrosis surrounded with cellular infiltrate consisting of lymphocytes, among which there are single giant cells; proliferation of connective tissue and endovasculites are observed. Characterize this pathologic process:
View question and answer
During regular examination of schoolchildren, a scrape from the perianal folds of a 10-year-old girl shows asymmetrical oval eggs with larvae inside. What diagnosis can be made?
View question and answer
During regular examination of schoolchildren, a scrape from the perianal folds of a 10-year-old girl shows asymmetrical oval eggs with larvae inside. What diagnosis can be made?
View question and answer
A histological specimen shows significant amount of mucous connective tissue (Wharton’s jelly), vessels, as well as remnants of yolk sac stalk and allantois. Name this organ:
View question and answer
During regular examination of schoolchildren, a scrape from the perianal folds of a 10-year-old girl shows asymmetrical oval eggs with larvae inside. What diagnosis can be made?
View question and answer
Before a surgery the patient was prescribed a synthetic antiprotozoal drug for prevention of wound infection. The prescribed drug is highly effective against Helicobacter pylori. Name this drug:
View question and answer
An uconscious young man in the state of morphine intoxication has been brought into an admission room. The patient’s respiration is slow and shallow due to suppression of the respiratory center. What kind of respiratory failure occurred in this case?
View question and answer
In the course of an urgent surgery, the vermiform appendix of the patient was excised. The appendix was acutely distended and gray-black throughout its whole length. In the distal segment a defect of the appendix wall was detected, through which a foul-smelling gray-brown substance was being discharged from the appendix lumen. Histological analysis shows necrotization of the appendix wall with hemorrhagic foci; lumen of the mesenteric artery is filled with a trombus. What type of appendicitis is it?
View question and answer
To treat the burns, a patient was prescribed a drug with antiseptic properties that are based on formation of atomic oxygen in the presence of organic substances. This drug has also an astringent (antiinflammatory) effect due to formation of albuminates. Name this drug:
View question and answer
Collagenosis patients typically present with the processes of connective tissue destruction. The presence of these processes can be confirmed by the increase in:
View question and answer
After a trauma the patient has developed right-sided paralyses and disturbed pain sensitivity. On the left side no paralyses are observed, but pain and thermal sensitivity is disturbed. What is the cause of this condition?
View question and answer
A 33-year-old woman, who for a long time has been treated for chronic polyarthritis, complains of elevated blood pressure, changes in adipose tissue distribution, and disturbed menstrual cycle. What drug does this patient take?
View question and answer
A laboratory rat with chronic kidney failure presents with osteoporosis, pathologic calcification of the internal organs, and arterial hypertension. These disturbances are associated with increased activity of the following hormone:
View question and answer
A victim has received a deep incised stab wound to the upper posterior surface of the shoulder. Extension of elbow, hand, and digits is impaired; skin sensitivity of the posterior surface of the shoulder and forearm is lost. What nerve is damaged in this case?
View question and answer
Patients with ischemic heart disease are usually prescribed small doses of aspirin. This drug inhibits synthesis of platelet aggregation activator, thromboxane A2. What substance is this activator synthesized from?
View question and answer
A 7-year-old boy is diagnosed with anemia. Laboratory analysis detects pyruvate kinase deficiency in his erythrocytes. What process is disturbed in this boy, playing the main role in anemia development in this case?
View question and answer
The parents with normal hearing have two daughters and a son, who are congenitally deaf. Their other 5 children are healthy. What is the pattern of deafness inheritance in this case?
View question and answer
A patient with diabetes mellitus after an insulin injection lost his consciousness and developed convulsions. What will be the result of a biochemical test for blood glucose level in this case?
View question and answer
A 40-year-old man with impaired venous patency in the lower limbs developed edemas. What mechanism plays the main role in the development of this disturbance?
View question and answer
A 14-year-old adolescent has diphtheria. During the peak of the disease against the background of acute drop in body temperature and tachycardia the blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. What type of vascular tone disturbance is it?
View question and answer
The Gerontology Institute recommends older people to take vitamin complexes that contain vitamin E,. What is the main function of this vitamin?
View question and answer
After a certain CNS structure had been destroyed in a test animal, this animal lost its orienting reflexes. What structure had been destroyed?
View question and answer
During gastric resection the patient received mixed anesthesia with tubocurarin chloride muscle relaxant; To restore spontaneous respiration the patient received proserin. What pharmacological group does this drug belong to?
View question and answer
A patient with inoperable lung cancer accompanied by unbearable pain was prescribed an analgesic. Against the background of analgesic therapy the patient developed signs of intestinal obstruction. What analgesic could have caused this complication?
View question and answer
Autopsy of a 49-year-old woman who died of chronic kidney failure shows small dense striated kidneys with areas of hemorrhages. Microscopically nuclei of epithelial channels contain hematoxylin bodies; glomerular capillaries resemble wire loops, have thickened basement membranes, and in places contain hyaline thrombi and foci of fibrinoid necrosis. What is the most likely diagnosis?
View question and answer
An experiment was conducted to measure the skin sensitivity threshold. What patches of skin have the highest sensitivity threshold?
View question and answer
A patient developed punctate hemorrhages after a tourniquet had been applied. It occurred due to functional disturbance of the following blood corpuscles:
View question and answer
The first-aid center has received a victim of a traffic accident diagnosed with closed displaced fracture of the middle third of the thigh. For repositioning of the bone fragments the patient received 10 mL of 2% dithylinum solution intravenously, which resulted in the prolonged period of apnoea and muscle relaxation. What enzyme is deficient, resulting in such pharmacogenetic enzymopathy?
View question and answer
A patient presents with an acute attack of cholelithiasis. Laboratory examination of the patient’s feces will show the following in this case:
View question and answer
ABO blood group is being determined. Erythrocyte agglutination occurred when standard sera of group I and group II were introduced into the blood being analyzed, while group III serum caused no agglutination. What agglutinogens do these erythrocytes have?
View question and answer
A 30-year-old woman developed facial edemas. Examination detected proteinuria (5.87 g/L), hypoproteinemia, dysproteinemia, and hyperlipidemia. Such combination of signs is characteristic of:
View question and answer
Ammonia is extremely toxic for human CNS. What is the main way of ammonia neutralization in the nervous tissue?
View question and answer
A 39-year-old man presents with hyperkeratosis, disturbed twilight vision, and high risk of infectious processes. What vitamin preparation should he be prescribed?
View question and answer
What diagnostic method should be used in industry to test the raw leather for presence of antracis?
View question and answer
What changes can be expected to occur in the isolated heart of a toad, if excessive amount of calcium chloride is introduced into its perfusate?
View question and answer