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KROK 2 Dentistry 2011 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2011 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 70-year-old patient complains about the mobility of the 21 tooth. The tooth has not been treated before. Objectively: there is II class mobility of the 21 tooth, the root is exposed by 1/2. What tool should be used to extract the tooth?
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Following the upper jaw examination (according to Schroeder) a 65-year-old patient was found to have atrophied maxillary tubers, alveolar processes covered with atrophic, thin and pale mucous membrane. What kind of functional impression technique should be applied?
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An orthodontist monitors a 4-year-old child with mouth breath. The child has a history of adenotomy. Objectively: primary dentition occlusion; the upper incisors overlap the lower ones by 1/3; distal surfaces of the second temporary molars are situated in the same vertical plane. What preventive device will help the child to give up the habit of mouth breath?
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A 17-year-old patient consulted an orthodontist about improper position of an upper canine. Objectively: permanent occlusion, class I Angle's relationship of the first molars, the 13 tooth has vestibular position above the occlusal line, there is a 6,5 mm gap between the 14 and 12 teeth. What period of orthodontic treatment will reduce the time of lidase phonophoresis therapy?
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Preventive examination of a 55-year-old man revealed a well-defined area of opaque mucosal epithelium of the left cheek that didn't protrude above the surrounding tissues and could not be removed on scraping. Crowns of the 34, 35, 36 teeth were strongly decayed and had sharp edges. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 62-year-old patient presented to the prosthodontics clinic with complaints about poor fixation of complete removable lamellar dentures that shows up during talking and wide mouth opening. The dentures were fabricated 5 days ago. In course of denture fabrication process a mistake was made during:
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A 30-year-old patient has a carious cavity in the 11 tooth within parapulpar dentin. The tooth corner and its cutting edge are affected. What filling material is best for restoration of the anatomic tooth form?
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A 29-year-old patient complains of acute paroxysmal pain in the upper jaw on the left, that gets worse during having cold food and irradiates into the ear and temple. A year ago she experienced intense pain in the 27 the tooth but didn't consult a dentist. Three days ago there was the second attack of pain. Objectively: there is a deep carious cavity in the 27th tooth, interconnecting with the tooth cavity. Probing the open area causes acute pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 23-year-old patient complains of whitish spots on the masticatory teeth, drawing of mouth during taking acidic food. The spots appeared about 3 months ago. Objectively: the cervical region of the 46, 36, 27 teeth exhibits some chalklike spots that can be easily stained with 2% methylene blue, probing reveals the surface roughness. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 56-year-old patient has an oval, smooth, bright-red erosion on the red border of her lower lip. Erosion is covered with haemorrhagic crusts that can be hardly removed. Crust removal induces slight hemorrhage. Light traumatization of crust-free surface of erosion induces no hemorrhage. Specify the type of lower lip precancer:
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A 55-year-old patient consulted a dentist about a roundish tumour-like formation of about 1 cm in diameter located within the red border of his lower lip. Objectively: the tumor-like formation protrudes about 5 mm above the red border, it is dense and grayish-red. The surface of the formation is covered with thin scales that can be hardly removed. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 4,5-year-old child presents with eruptions on skin and in the mouth which appeared on the previous day. Objectively: the child is in medium severe condition, body temperature is 38,3°C. Scalp, trunk skin and extremities are covered with multiple vesicles with transparent content. Mucous membrane of cheeks, tongue, hard and soft palate exhibits roundish erosion covered with fibrinous film. Gums remain unchanged. Submandibular lymph nodes are slightly enlarged. What diagnosis can be assumed?
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A 47-year-old patient with completely edentulous upper jaw underwent delayed implantation with cylindrical implants. Prosthetics is recommended in:
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Preventive examination of a 5-year-old child reveals the infantile swallowing. The bad habit of thrusting the tongue between the teeth may cause the following complication:
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After a preventive orthodontic examination a 9-year-old child was diagnosed with mesial occlusion. The treatment of this pathology involves application of an apparatus with mechanic action. What working element is to be applied in the apparatus intended for the correction of this pathology?
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A 28-year-old male patient presented to a clinic on the 2nd day after the face trauma and complained of bilateral mandibular pain, difficult swallowing and obstructed breathing. Objectively: there was a slight swelling in the region of the molars on both sides, the teeth were intact but the jaw fragment with the 43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33 teeth deviated downward and backward. Manual reposition didn't produce any positive result. Which appliance should be used for treatment?
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An 18-year-old patient presented to the orthopedic department with complaint of a large diastema. Objectively: bodily lateral movement of central incisors induced by the missing 12, 22 teeth. What is the optimal appliance for moving the central incisors together?
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A 30-year-old patient needs to have his 26 tooth extracted because of exacerbation of chronic periodontitis. Objectively: the crown of the 26 tooth is decayed by 1/3. What forceps can be used for this tooth extraction?
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A 26-year-old patient consulted a dentist about the 24 tooth extraction because of chronic periodontitis exacerbation. The crown of the 24 tooth is intact. Choose the right tool for the tooth exraction:
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A 49-year-old patient consulted a dental surgeon about the oral cavity sanation. He has an indication for the extraction of the 16 tooth. Anamnesis: the tooth hasn't been treated before, decayed within the last 4 years. Objectively: the 16 tooth's crown is destroyed by over 2/3, the mucosa exhibits no pathological changes. Which tool is required for the tooth extraction?
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Mother of a 3-year-old child complains about white spots on the upper anterior teeth of her child. Objectively: the vestibular surface of the 51 and 61 teeth exhibits a defect within the enamel. Probing is painless. What is the optimal method of treatment?
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A 20-year-old patient is to be given applicative anaesthesia in the frontal region of the upper jaw prior to the conduction anesthesia. What concentration of li-docaine solution is required for applicative anesthesia?
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A 13-year-old boy complains of pain in the region of the extracted 46 tooth, irradiating to the ear and temple, halitosis. The tooth was extracted 3 days ago. Objectively: submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged, painful on palpation. Mucosa around the extracted tooth is hyperemic, edematous. The socket of the 46 tooth is filled with a gray clot. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 35-year-old patient complains about progressing throbbing pain in the 26 tooth. Objectively: the 26 tooth has a carious cavity filled with softened dentine, tooth cavity is closed, probing of the cavity floor is painless, percussion causes acute pain. There is I degree tooth mobility. Roentgenological changes are absent. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 43-year-old patient consulted a dentist about pain in the 36th tooth. X-ray examination revealed a breakage of an endodontic tool in the distal root. The root apex exhibits a well-defined area of bone tissue destruction (d = 5 mm) with clear margins. What method of treatment is most appropriate in this case?
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A 25-year-old patient has a face trauma. Objectively: there is a significant soft tissue swelling of the left half face, hemorrhage into the left eye sclera, crepitation in the region of nose bones. Palpation reveals the mobility of the upper jaw, its percussion reveals tympanitis. X-ray picture shows the fracture line running through the lower margin of the orbit on both sides of the sphenozygomatic suture and reaching behind the maxillary tuber. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 57-year-old patient complains of a tumor in the left parotid region, which appeared 3 years ago. Over the past six months, the tumor has increased significantly. Objectively: there is a non-mobile lobulated tumour in the left parotid region, palpation causes minor pain reaction. The skin over the tumour plicates easily, its upper part has well-defined margins, the bottom part grows into the depth of gland. The tumour is 3x2,5 cm large. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A 53-year-old patient complains of a tumour in the right parotid region. The tumour was revealed six months ago, wi- thin this period it doubled in size. Objectively: the right parotid region has a dense 1,5 x 2 cm large neoplasm, the duct of the right parotid gland secretes transparent saliva. The gland puncture gave no results. What disease are these clinical presentations most typical for?
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A 41-year-old patient complains of mobility of the 24, 26, 27 teeth, purulent discharges from the socket of the extracted 25 tooth. 1,5 months ago the patient underwent a dissection along the mucogingival junction and extraction of the 25 tooth. Objectively: alveolar mucosa in the region of the 24, 26, 27 teeth is cyanotic and edematic. Along the mucogingival junction there is a fistula with protruding granulations. There are also purulent granulation discharges from the socket of the extracted 25 tooth. In the right infraorbital region some soft tissue swelling is present. Which disease are these clinical presentations most typical for?
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A 37-year-old patient complains of gingival hemorrhage, offensive breath, tooth mobility, difficult mastication. Objectively: the gums are of cyanotic-red colour, periodontal pockets are 6 mm deep and contain serous exudate, there is II class tooth mobility, moderate amount of subgingival and supragingival tartar; hygiene index is 3 points, there is traumatic occlusion along the entire length of the dental arches. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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Parents of a 12-year-old child consulted an orthodontist about improper position of the child's upper teeth. Objectively: the face is narrow, elongated; the developing occlusion is present (temporary second molars). The 13 and 23 teeth are located beyond the dental arch, they deviate to the lips above the occlusal plane, there is a 2,5 mm gap between the 12 and 14 teeth, and a 1,5 mm gap between the 22 and 24 ones, 45° rotation the 33 and 43 teeth is present. Choose the most rational method of treatment:
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Before extraction of a left upper tooth a 49-year-old patient had been given plexus anaesthesia with Ultracaine Forte. After the operation the socket didn't get filled with a blod clot. What is the way to prevent alveolitis development in this patient?
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Examination of a 45-year-old patient revealed some white patches on the buccal mucosa along the teeth closure line that didn't protrude above the inflamed and edematous surrounding tissues. The patches could not be removed on scraping. A patient has smoken an average of 3 packs of cigarettes a day for 20 years. Specify the disease of buccal mucosa:
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X-ray examination of the maxillary alveolar process of a 35-year-old patient reveals a root fracture of the 11 tooth in its apical region. The tooth has been treated before, the canal is filled. The patient has a history of the tooth trauma. What method of treatment is indicated for this case?
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During the examination of a soldered dental bridge supported by the 35 and 38 teeth the following flaws were revealed: the pores in the soldered joints between the intermediate part and supporting crowns, strongly expressed masticatory tubercles, early contact with the opposing teeth, the intermediate part is tightly adjacent to the mucous membrane of the alveolar process. What is the way to eliminate these defects?
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A 42-year-old woman came to prosthetic dentistry to make dental prosthetics. Objectively: dental formula is 18.... 13 12 11 21 22 23.... 28 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 ' The bite is deep, clinical crowns are low, survey line is not marked. The patient suffers from epileptiform attacks. What prosthesis is indicated?
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A 43-year-old female patient complains of mobility of the lower front teeth. Objectively: the 48, 47, 46, 45, 44, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 teeth are missing. The 43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33 teeth exhibit grade II mobility, the mucous membrane around them is swollen and cyanotic. What splinting construction is optimal for this patient?
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A 58-year-old patient was diagnosed with fracture of lower jaw with formation of a false joint. Objectively: the 38, 36, 32, 41, 43, 48 teeth are missing. Preserved teeth are intact, stable. There is no displacement of lower jaw fragments. X-ray picture shows a bone tissue defect to up 2 cm large. What construction of prosthesis is indicated in this situation?
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A 15-year-old girl consulted a dental surgeon about a moderate swelling of the parotid-masticatory region on the left. Objectively: on palpation, the left parotid gland is nodular, dense, painless. The duct exudes somewhat turbid saliva. The duct mouth is dilated, the surrounding mucous membrane is cyanotic, pasty, with imprints of teeth. Make a diagnosis:
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A 53-year-old patient presented to a dental clinic for the orthopaedic treatment of the 27 tooth. During preparation for local anesthesia, the patient felt sick (weakness, pallor, hyperperspiration), and lost consciousness. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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