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KROK 2 Dentistry 2013 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2013 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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Mother of a 3-year-old child consulted a dentist about discolouration and abrasion of the child's teeth. The child has a history of enamel spalling shortly after the tooth eruption. Objectively: the crowns of all the teeth are worn by nearly a half and have yellow-gray colour. Make a provisional diagnosis:
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A 78-year-old patient is completely edentulous. He has been wearing dentures for 19 years. The patient complains of poor fixation of the upper denture. Objectively: the lower third of face is shortened, the alveolar processes of both jaws are markedly atrophied, the palate is flat. Mucous membrane in the denturesupporting area is atrophied. How often should the dentures be remodelled or restored?
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A male patient complains of acute pain in the 26 tooth that is getting worse when biting down on food. 4 days ago arsenic paste was applied, but the patient did not keep the appointment with the dentist. Objectively: the dressing of the 26 tooth is kept. There is pain reaction to percussion. Ro-gram shows no changes in the periapical tissues. After mechanical and pharmacological treatment of the root canals the gauze pads are moist, not stained. What drug substance must be left in the root canals for the maximal clinical effect?
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A 14-year-old boy complains of rash on the lips, pain while talking and eating. These presentations showed up three days ago. Similar rash has appeared 1-4 times a year for three years. Objectively: general condition is satisfactory, the body temperature is of 36,9°C. On the vermilion border of the lower lip and the skin below there are multiple small grouped vesicles with serous content, and crusts. What is the etiology of the disease?
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A 28-year-old patient hadan appointment with a dental surgeon to prepare the oral cavity for a prosthesis. Examination revealed that the 11 tooth crown was decayed, the root was stable, its percussion was painless. The mucous membrane of the alveolar process was not changed. Ro-gram of the alveolar process shows widening of periodontal ligament space in the region of the 11 tooth. Alveolar process structure is not changed. The root canal was passable all through. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 44-year-old patient consulted a dental surgeon about constant acute pain in the upper jaw region on the left that is getting worse during teeth joining. The pain appeared 3 days ago. Objectively: the face is symmetric, mouth opening is not limited. The crown of the 26 tooth is half-decayed. Probing of the carious cavity is painless. Percussion of the 26 tooth provokes acute pain. Mucous membrane of the alveolar process is edematic, hyperaemic at the level of the 26 tooth. The 26 tooth had been treated before. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A 45-year-old patient came to a clinic for prosthetics. Objectively: the 47, 46, 45, 35, 36, 37 teeth are missing. There is dento-alveolar vertical displacement of the 17, 16, 26, 27 teeth, alveolar process is enlarged, tooth necks are not exposed. When the teeth are joined, the distance between the occlusal surfaces of teeth and alveolar process is about 3 mm. What is the most efficient method of secondary deformation treatment in this patient?
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A 13-year-old child complains of a short-term pain caused by cold stimuli in the upper left molar tooth. Occlusal surface of the 27 tooth has a cavity with a small hole. After the overhanging enamel had been removed, the soft light dentin could be easily removed with an excavator within mantle dentin. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Parents of a 3-year-old child report that the child has constant pain in the upper front teeth. Objectively: the coronal part of the 61 tooth is gray and decayed. Probing of the root canal orifice is pai- nful and accompanied by bleeding. The tooth percussion provokes acute pain. Mucosa is hyperemic, edematic and painful. Palpation in the region of the 61, 62 teeth reveals a fistula. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A 30-year-old patient complains of toothache caused by hot and cold stimuli. The pain irradiates to the ear and temple. Previously there was spontaneous nocturnal toothache. Objectively: on the occlusal surface of the 37 tooth there is a deep carious cavity communicating at one point with the tooth cavity. Probing at the communication point, as well as cold stimulus, cause acute pain. The pain persists for a long time. Electric pulp test result is 5 mA. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 40-year-old patient complains of discomfort in the 24 tooth. He has a history of periodical swelling in the region of the affected tooth. Objectively: the 24 tooth cavity is wide open. Probing and percussion are painless. There is positive vasoparesis symptom. Radiograph shows bone destruction with indistinct outlines. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Floating obturators (Case's, Chasovskaya's etc.) for the defects in the hard and soft palate are fabricated according to impressions obtained by means of S-shaped spatula. Which impression material is used in this case?
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A 43-year-old patient was found to have no crown of the 13 tooth. The root protrudes above the gum by 0,51 mm. The apical part is filled. History: coronal part of the tooth broke off three weeks ago. Prior to this the tooth had been treated for chronic periodontitis. Percussion is painless. The root edges are surrounded with hard moist mucous membrane of pale pink colour. Specify the dentist's tactics:
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A 28-year-old patient complains of a painless nonhealing mouth ulcer. Objectively: regional lymph nodes are enlarged, painless, of cartilaginous consistency. On the buccal mucosa there is a round ulcer 1 cm in diameter with regular raised edges and a dense elastic infiltrate at the base. The ulcer surface is of red colour, painless on palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 32-year-old patient complains of acute spontaneous attacks of pain in the 14 tooth. The pain lasts for 10-20 minutes and occurs every 2-3 hours. Carious cavity in the 14 tooth is filled with softened dentin. Probing of the cavity floor is painful at one point. Cold stimulus causes pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 42-year-old patient complains of a painful ulcer in the mouth that is getting bigger and does not heal over 1,5 months. Objectively: on the buccal mucosa there is a shallow soft ulcer 2 cm in diameter with irregular undermined edges. The ulcer floor is uneven and covered with yellow-gray coating. The ulcer is surrounded by many small yellowish tubercles. Regional lymph nodes are elastic, painful, matted together. Which disease is characterized by such symptoms?
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A 24-year-old patient complains of aching pain in the 11 tooth that is getting worse during biting down on food. Two days ago the tooth was filled for pulpitis. Objectively: the 11 tooth is filled. The thermal test causes no pain, vertical percussion is slightly painful. X-ray picture of the 11 tooth shows that the endodontic filling is 1 mm above the root apex. Which of the following methods will be most effective for eliminating this complication?
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A patient is 12 years old. He has been undergoing orthodontic treatment for pseudo prognathism with Angle's fixed appliance for 10 months. What is the optimal duration of the retentive period?
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A 55-year-old patient complains of general weakness, spasmodic neuralgic pain in the right side of face, rash in the mouth and on the skin. Objectively: lip and chin skin is markedly hyperemic, there are numerous vesicles with clear exudate on the right. The right cheek mucosa is hyperemic, there is a string of erosions covered with fibrinous pellicle. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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According to the mother, a 5-year-old child complains about pain during swallowing, weakness, body temperature rise upt to 39,5°C, swelling of submental lymph nodes. Objectively: the child's condition is grave, body temperature is 38,8°C. Mucous membrane of the oral cavity is markedly hyperaemic and edematic with hemorrhages and ulcerations. Pharynx is markedly hyperemic, lacunae are enlarged and have necrosis areas. Regional, cervical, occipital lymph nodes are painful, enlarged and dense. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 19-year-old male patient consulted a dentist about gingival pain and bleeding when eating and brushing his teeth. Objectively: anterior maxillary and mandibular teeth are overcrowded, there is hyperemia, cyanosis and overgrowth of gingival papillae up to 1/3 of the crown height. The soft plaque is present. The gums bleed when touched with a tool. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 23-year-old female patient complains of short-term pain caused by thermal stimuli in a lower jaw tooth on the right. Objectively: on the occlusal surface of the 46 tooth there is a deep cavity with softened light dentin on the floor and walls. Probing causes a slight pain across the cavity floor. Pulp electroexcitability is 10 mA. During the cavity preparation a drop of blood showed up on its floor. What paste should be applied to the cavity floor?
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After the clinical and radiographic examination a 32-year-old patient was diagnosed with chronic odontogenic sinusitis, fistula between sinus and oral cavity through the socket of the 27 tooth. Specify the optimal method of surgical treatment of this disease:
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A 15-month-old child diagnosed with intrusive luxation of the 51 tooth has been referred to a children's dental surgeon. What is the optimal treatment tactics?
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A 45-year-old patient complains of missing teeth in the lower jaw on the right. Objectively: the 46, 45, 38, 48 teeth are missing. The 47 tooth is mobile (1 grade mobility), the crown of the 44 tooth is decayed by 1/2. What orthopedic construction should be recommended for restoration of masticatory efficiency and prevention of periodontal overload of the 47,44 teeth?
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A 57-year-old patient complains of tooth mobility, inability to eat. Objectively: the lower 35, 36, 37, 38, 44, 45, 46 and 48 teeth are missing; the 31,32,33,34, 41, 42, 43, 47 teeth exhibit II grade mobility, their clinical crowns are low, tooth equator is not pronounced. What is the optimal denture construction in this case?
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A child has been admitted to a hospital with a maxillofacial trauma. It is probable that the wound has been contaminated with tetanus infection. How soon after the injury should the tetanus serum be given?
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A patient working as a bricklayer complains of itching, burning, soreness of lips that show up only in the summer period. He has a 3-year history of this disease. Objectively: vermilion border of the lower lip is hyperemic, edematic, covered with blisters and painful erosions 2 mm in diameter, crusts, cracks. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Parents of a 2-month-old baby complain about caseous films on the mucous membrane of his cheeks and tongue. After examination the child has been diagnosed with acute oral candidiasis of moderate severity. Topical treatment should be started with the administration of the following agents:
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A patient complains of acute shortterm toothache caused by thermal and chemical irritants. The tooth has not been treated before, the pain arose about a month ago. Objectively: on the occlusal surface of the 36 tooth there is a deep carious cavity within circumpulpal dentin with overhanging chalky enamel. Probing of the cavity floor causes a slight pain. There is also a short-term pain from the cold stimulus. The result of electric pulp test is 8 mA. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 20-year-old male patient complains of acute pain during eating, bad breath, general weakness. Objectively: interdental papillae and marginal gingiva are covered with dirty gray film, any touch is painful. The body temperature is of 37,5°C. Blood count: RBC - 4,8 × 1012/l, Hb- 150 g/l, colour index - 0,9, WBC -10,5 × 109/l, JG - 2%, BASO - 1%, EOS -5%, segmented neut. - 8%, stabs - 47%, LYM - 35%, PLT - 250 × 109/l. ESR - 20 mm/h. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 19-year-old patient complains of indisposition, fever, pain in the gums and oral mucosa. These presentations showed up two days ago. Objectively: body temperature is of 38,8 °C, regional lymph nodes on the right are enlarged, painful, mobile. Oral mucosa is hyperemic, edematous; gingival papillae are hemorrhagic, with grayish-white coating, on the buccal mucosa there are painful ulcers with irregular edges covered with the same grayish-white coating. What organisms are most likely to be found on microbiological study?
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A 30-year-old patient has a cut wound of the upper lateral surface of tongue. The wound was given with a separating disk. Bood penetrated into the airways causing asphyxia. What form of asphyxia occurred in the patient?
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A 10-year-old girl complains of a carious cavity in a lower jaw tooth. Objectively: the 26 tooth has a carious cavity within circumpulpal dentin, dentin is dense, pigmented, there is pain reaction to the cold stimulus, probing and percussion are painless. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 12-year-old girl visited a dentist for a regular check-up. Objectively: the teeth are intact, the bite is open, the mucosa in the papillary and marginal regions is hyperemic and cyanotic, the gingival papillae are roundish, enlarged and cover one third of the crown height of the upper anterior teeth. Make a provisional diagnosis:
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Parents of a 6-year-old child consulted a doctor about a swelling in his right parotid-masseteric region, dry mouth, fever up to 37,7°C. Similar presentations turned up about 6 months ago. Examination revealed a tuberous, slightly painful infiltrate in the right parotid-masseteric region. Saliva is viscous, the right salivary gland duct discharges some secretion with whitish inclusions. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 34-year-old patient was undergoing treatment for acute deep caries of the 37 tooth. During the tooth preparation the buccal pulp horn was accidentally opened. What is the most rational treatment of the 37 tooth?
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A 21-year-old patient complains of a constant progressing throbbing pain in the 27 tooth. Objectively: a large carious cavity is filled with softened dentin, the tooth cavity is closed. Probing of the cavity floor is painless, percussion causes acute pain, there is grade II tooth mobility. Palpation of the mucous membrane in the projection of the root apex of the 27 tooth causes pain. Radiological changes are absent. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 20-year-old patient complains of the 23 tooth sensitivity to sour or sweet food. The pain abates after the irritants are removed. The problems arose two weeks ago. Objectively: on the vestibular surface of the 23 tooth there are white spots 2-3 mm in diameter. The spots have a rough surface, methylene blue stain cannot be washed away with water. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 24-year-old patient complains of acute pain and swelling in the submandibular triangle that is getting worse when he eats spicy food. He has been diagnosed with exacerbation of chronic calculous si-aloadenitis with the concrement localized in the median part of the salivary duct. Which method is most rational in this case?
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