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KROK 2 Dentistry 2013 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2013 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 38-year-old patient with chronic generalized periodontitis has been referred to orthopedic treatment. Objectively: dentitions are without gaps, the 12, 11, 21, 22 teeth are pulpless and exhibit I grade mobility. The other teeth are stable. What is the most aesthetic splint for the anterior teeth?
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A 42-year-old patient complains of pain in the right side of her head, restricted movements of the lower jaw, clicking sound, periodic spasms of chewing muscles. Objectively: the face is symmetric, mouth opening is restricted. On palpation of the right temporomandibular joint (TMJ) there are crepi- tation and clicking accompanying mandible movements. Examination of the oral cavity revealed also a Kennedy's class II defect on the right. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A patient needs a clasp prosthesis. It is planned to study the jaw model by means of a parallelometer in order to determine the required depth of the undercuts on the abutment teeth. Specify the length of the measuring rods used for this purpose:
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An 18-year-old male has a furuncle in the region of mandible angle. The surrounding tissues are rigid. Cyanosis and induration in form of a cord extend to the corner of the eye. General condition is deteriorated, body temperature is of 38,5°C. What complication has developed in this case?
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A 30-year-old patient needs a post and core for the 36 tooth prior to the tooth restoration with a crown. Objectively: the crown of the 36 tooth is decayed down to the gums, percussion is painless. Radiograph shows that root canals are filled to the top. There are no changes of the periapical tissues. What is the optimal number of posts in this case?
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A 25-year-old patient presented to a clinic on the fourth day after a face trauma complaining of pain in the lower jaw on both sides, difficult swallowing. Objectvely: there is a slight swelling in the mental region, dentitions are intact but a fragment of 44 43 42 41 31 32 33 34 teeth is displaced downwards and backwards. Single-step fragment reposition is not effective. Which appliance should be used for the fragment reposition?
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A 25-year-old patient has necrosis foci along the gingival margin on both jaws. Face skin is sallow, he looks older than his age. Submandibular, mental, cervical and axillary lymph nodes are enlarged, painless, mobile. The patient leads a hectic life, abuses drugs. Over the last month he has complained of weakness, constant body temperature of 37, 3 — 37,5°C, diarrhea, weight loss of 15 kg. What is the most likely provisional diagnosis?
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A 20-year-old patient was delivered to the hospital 6 hours after injury. Objectively: the patient has malocclusion due to the displacement of bone fragments. The teeth on both jaws are intact except for the missing 35 tooth. Ro-gram shows fracture of mandible. The fragments are displaced. What treatment is most appropriate?
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A 6-year-old girl has unrestricted opening of the mouth. The alveolar process of the upper jaw is intact. Soft and hard palate are of a triangular shape and have a cleft up to the level of the 13 and 23 teeth. Soft palate is shortened. Speech is indistinct. The child was born with this defect. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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3 days ago a 35-year-old patient underwent the extraction of the 47 tooth, which was followed by health deterioration. Objectively: the patient is pale, body temperature is of 38,1°C, the lower jaw on the left is thickened, the surrounding soft tissues are swollen, opening of the mouth is difficult. Mucogingival fold at the 48, 47, 46 teeth is edematous, mucous membrane is hyperemic. There are purulent discharges from the 47 tooth socket, percussion of the 48, 46, 45 teeth is painful. There is also paresthesia in the lower lip region. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Parents of a 6,5-year-old boy consulted an orthodontist about no contact between the front teeth. The child has a bad habit of sucking his tongue. Objectively: there is a symptom of multiple pits in his chin when the lips are closed, speech disturbance, between the front teeth there is a vertical gap up to 8 mm. Specify the occlusion anomaly:
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During the extraction of the 17 tooth the distal buccal root broke off and remained in the socket. Select a tool to extract the root:
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A 64-year-old patient needs a complete removable denture for the upper jaw. During fitting the Herbst appliance, the orthopedist revealed that it falls off when the patient swallows. The correction is required in the following area:
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A 5-year-old child complains of acute spontaneous pain in an upper jaw tooth on the right. Hot stimuli make the pain significantly worse. The tooth had been previously treated for median caries. The pain arose a day before. On the medial occlusal surface of the 54 tooth there is a deep carious cavity, the tooth cavity is closed. Probing of the cavity floor is painless, percussion is slightly painful. After necrotomy the pulp horn was opened. Deep probing is painful. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 7-year-old child complains of pain and swelling in the left submandibular region. The swelling in this region showed up 2 days ago. Objectively: the child is in satisfactory condition, body temperature is of 37,3°C. Face is asymmetrical due to the soft tissue swelling in the left submandibular region. Palpation reveals a round formation sized 2x2 cm. The formation is mobile, painful, not attached to skin. The 74 tooth is changed in colour, percussion is painful. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 21-year-old patient consulted a dental surgeon about a tumour-like formation on the left cheek. The patient noticed the swelling for the first time a year ago. Objectively: on the left cheek skin there is a painless roundish pedunculated tumour up to 0,5 cm in diameter. The surface of the formation looks like cauliflower, the surrounding skin is not changed. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 24-year-old patient complains of a growing tumour in the body of mandible on the right. The tumour growth has been observed for 5 months. Objectively: in the angle of mandible there is a swelling. Regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. Ro-gram shows a well-defined focus of bone destruction at the level of the 46, 47, and 48 teeth and in the ramus of mandible. The lesion is in form of individual cavities with osseous septa. The roots of the 46,47, 48 teeth are resorbed. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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Parents of a 6-year-old girl consulted an orthodontist about protrusion of the lower jaw. The child looks like his father. Objectively: the child has primary bite, there are diastemata and tremata on both jaws, reverse incisal overlap of front teeth, the sagittal gap is up to 3 mm, the lateral parts are characterized by mesio-occlusion. Ilyina-Markosyan test for the distal displacement of mandible is negative. What principle of treatment will be most effective?
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A 52-year-old patient complains of pain and a swelling in the right parotid region. These manifestations have been present for about 2 years. Over the last month the swelling has grown bigger, pain has intensified. Objectively: the face is asymmetric due to the dense infiltrate in the right parotid region. The poorly circumscribed, painful formation infiltrates the surrounding tissues. At the right side of neck in front and behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle there are enlarged, dense, mobile lymph nodes. The right naso-buccal groove is flattened, the corner of mouth is downturned. The mouth opens freely. The are pronounced symptoms of the right facial nerve paresis. What disease can be suspected?
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A 58-year-old patient complains of missing teeth on the upper jaw. Objectively: in the place of the missing central upper incisors there is a fan-shaped vestibularly located cord on the alveolar process. The cord is 1 cm wide, it makes prosthetics more complicated. What is the optimal medical tactics?
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A 35-year-old patient has been diagnosed with chronic median caries of the 36 tooth. There is a Black's class II cavity affecting masticatory surface. What material should be chosen for the tooth filling?
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A 28-year-old patient complains of dull pain in the 17 tooth caused by hot meal, the pain slowly abates after removing the irritant. There is also a feeling of tooth bursting, and bad breath after the tooth suction. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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Parents of an 8-year-old child with Down syndrome took the child to a doctor for oral cavity sanitation. After the examination entailing great difficulties the child was found to have four teeth decayed as a result of chronic periodontitis. What kind of anesthesia should be chosen for surgical sanitation in one visit?
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A patronage nurse visited a newborn baby. Examination revealed the shortened lower part of the face, the backward-sloping chin, missing teeth, the retroposed lower jaw. What is the number of dental follicles in each jaw of a newborn baby?
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A 47-year-old patient complains of a burning sensation and pain in the mouth. Objectively: on the mucous membrane of cheeks along the line of teeth contact and in the corners of mouth there are multiple polygonal bright red erosions 1,0-1,5 cm in diameter located on the hyperkeratini-zed plaque and opaque whitish mucosa. Cytological analysis revealed keratinizing epithelial cells. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 67-year-old female patient has a burning sensation under her complete removable denture for the upper jaw which was fabricated of plastics 3 days ago. Examination revealed hyperemia and edema of the mucous membrane within the boundaries of the denture-supporting area. What is the cause of this pathology?
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A 55-year-old patient consulted a dentist about a roundish tumour-like formation of about 1 cm in diameter located within the vermilion border of his lower lip. Objectively: the tumourlike formation protrudes about 5 mm above the vermilion border, it is dense and grayish-red. The surface of the formation is covered with thin scales that can hardly be removed. What is the most likely di- agnosis?
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A 16-year-old male patient complains of itchy rash on the vermilion border of lips and in the mouth corners. The patient has a 4-year-old history of this disease with exacerbation periods mainly in autumn and winter. Objectively: vermilion border of lips and skin in the mouth corners is dry, peeling with small scales. Mouth corners are characterized by lichenification, deep folds and fissures, bloody crusts. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Preventive examination of a 28-year-old male patient revealed reddish smooth patches in form of different-sized circles on the back of tongue. The patches are circumscribed with a narrow whitish stripe. It is known that these tongue changes are not permanent, show up and disappear throughout a few years and don't bother him. The patient has a history of chronic gastritis. Histological examination of the epithelium revealed hyper- and parakeratosis. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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After unilateral resection of the upper jaw a 52-year-old patient received the immediate-insertion denture. What is the term of its use?
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An injured patient complains of limited opening of the mouth, nose bleeding, skin numbness in the infraorbital and lower eyelid region. Objectively: there is face deformation due to the depression of soft tissues in the left cheekbone region, step deformity in the middle part of the inferior margin of the left orbit and in the area of the zygomatic alveolar crest. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 30-year-old patient needs to have his 26 tooth extracted because of exacerbation of chronic periodontitis. Objectively: the crown of the 26 tooth is decayed by 1/3. What forceps can be used for this tooth extraction?
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A patient is 56 years old. 6 months after resection of the right side of the upper jaw the patient is going to receive a permanent resection prosthesis. What device can be used to determine the optimal state of the resection prosthesis borders?
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A 49-year-old patient consulted a dental surgeon about the oral cavity sanitation. He has an indication for the extraction of the 16 tooth. History: the tooth hasn't been treated before, it has decayed within the last 4 years. Objectively: the 16 tooth's crown is decayed by over 2/3, the mucosa exhibits no pathological changes. Which tool is required for the tooth extraction?
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A patient complains of limited mouth opening, pain during swallowing, fever up to 38,5°C, weakness, indisposition. Objectively: the mouth opens up to 1 cm. After Berchet anesthesia examination of the oral cavity revealed edema, hyperemia, tenderness of the pterygomandibular fold. Lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls are intact. The 38 tooth is semi-impacted. Palpation of the internal surface of the mandibular angle is painful. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 6-year-old patient complains of a long-lasting pain in a lower right tooth that is getting worse when biting down on food. The tooth has been previously treated for caries. Objectively: the cavity on the occlusal surface of the 36 tooth is filled, percussion is painful. Along the mucogingival fold in the projection of the 36 tooth roots there is a fistula with purulent discharge. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 35-year-old patient complains of a neoplasm on the tip of his tongue which he injures with his teeth. The neoplasm sometimes increases, and sometimes decreases in size. Objectively: on the tip of tongue there is a roundish well-defined neoplasm 0,5 cm in diameter with broad base. The neoplasm is the same colour as the mucosa of tongue. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A patient presented to a doctor with a red spot on her chin skin. Two months ago the patient suffered a chin injury. After resorption of traumatic edema there appeared a black punctum which was gradually increasing in size. Objectively: the face is symmetric, on the chin skin there is an irregular wine-coloured pai- nless spot sized 2x1,5 cm that turns white when pressed. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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X-ray examination of the oral cavity revealed a pronounced damage of the compact bone, mild osteoporosis of apices of interalveolar septa and widened periodontal ligament space around the dental necks. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Preventive examination of a 13,5-year-old child revealed congestive hyperemia and a slight edema of the gingival margin in the region of the front teeth on both jaws. The patient has periodic gingival hemorrhages during tooth brushing. DMF index is 2. What kind of toothpaste should be recommended for the individual oral hygiene?
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