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KROK 2 Dentistry 2013 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2013 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 64-year-old patient with edentulous jaws has a minor uniform atrophy of maxilla and a pronounced atrophy of lateral parts of mandible. The mucosa in these parts makes longitudinal folds, the alveolar crest is mobile in the anterior part. The condition of mandible should be taken into consideration at the following stage of fabrication of a complete removable denture:
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A 24-year-old female patient consulted a dentist about pain in the 26 tooth. After a physical examination the patient was diagnosed with exacerbation of chronic periodontitis of the 26 tooth. During the tooth extraction the coronal part of the tooth was accidentally broken. Further manipulations with bayonet forceps failed to extract the tooth roots. What actions are to be taken for the successful root extraction?
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A 30-year-old female patient complains of limited mouth opening. She has a history of a trauma received at the time when her jaws were closed. Objectively: mouth opening is limited to 1,5 cm, the bite is normal, mouth opening causes the displacement of mandible to the left. Palpation reveals pain in the left temporomandibular joint (TMJ). X-ray picture shows that the bone integrity is preserved. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Preventive examination of a 5-year-old child revealed a habit of lower lip biting. What malocclusion may develop if the child keeps this habit?
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A 14-year-old girl complains of indistinct pronunciation that developed at the age of 14 after the acute respiratory viral disease. Examination revealed normal face and normal teeth alignment, occlusal disharmony was not found. Palpation didn't reveal cleft palate. Uvula doesn't move during pronunciation of sounds, its palpation does not cause gag reflex. What is the reason for indistinct pronunciation of sounds?
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A 35-year-old female patient seeks prosthetic dentistry. Objectively: the 18, 14, 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28 teeth need restoration. The crowns confining the defect are high and stable. To restore the integrity of the dentition it is planned to fabricate a cast clasp denture. What kind of mechanical fixator should be used?
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A 22-year-old patient presented to a prosthetic dentistry clinic because of missing of the 21 tooth, the 11 and 22 teeth are intact. The 21 tooth was extracted 2 months ago. What construction is most suitable in this case?
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A 48-year-old patient has undergone unilateral resection of the upper jaw. He needs a resection prosthesis. Objectively: the 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 teeth are stable, hard palate is broad, flat. What connection of clasps with the base will reduce the instability of the resection prosthesis?
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A 47-year-old patient needs dental prosthetics. Objectively: the 24, 25 teeth are missing, there is a slight dento-alveolar lengthening in the region of the 34, 35 teeth. Which of the following methods of the occlusal surface correction should be applied?
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It is planned to open a city dental clinic to serve 200,000 of adult population. How many positions of dentists should be provided for the orthopedic department?
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A 25-year-old patient consulted a dentist about orthopedic treatment of the 17 tooth. After the patient had been given local anesthesia, his condition suddenly deteriorated (he developed anxiety, general weakness, acute headache, nausea, loss of consciousness, poor pupillary reaction to light, abrupt drop of arterial pressure. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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The department of maxillofacial surgery admitted a patient who needs repair of a post-traumatic defect of nose wing up to 3,0 cm in diameter. The trauma occured six months ago. What kind of grafting is indicated in this clinical situation?
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A 25-year-old female patient consulted a dentist about acute pain in the upper jaw on the left. The pain occurs during eating. Objectively: on the distal approximal surface of the 26 tooth there is a cavity filled with light soft dentin. Probing causes a slight pain along the dentin-enamel junction, percussion is painless. Cold water causes quickly abating pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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At a prosthetics dentistry clinic a 35-year-old patient received a porcelain-fused-to-metal crown for the 21 tooth. What is the minimum warranty period for porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns under the current legislation?
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During the surgical removal of a retention cyst of the lower lip a 14-year-old boy complained of sudden weakness, dizziness, nausea. Objectively: the skin is covered with cold sweat. Respiration is frequent, pulse is weak, AP is decreased (90/60 mm Hg), the hands are cold. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Parents of a 7,5-year-old child brought him to a dentist for oral cavity sanitation. Objectively: DEF (for primary teeth) DMF (for permanent teeth) index = 4, Green-Vermillion index = 2,5. Fissures of the first permanent molars are open, intact, non-pigmented. What method of primary prevention of dental caries may be appropriate in this case?
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A 28-year-old patient complains of experiencing gum discomfort, gingival hemorrhages and pain, especially during eating, for a week. Objectively: the gums are swollen and markedly hyperemic, especially within the 43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33 teeth, soft plaque and tartar are present, gingival sulcus is up to 2 mm deep. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 35-year-old patient complains of gingival hemorrhage during tooth brushing. Objectively: gums of both jaws are hyperemic and cyanotic, supragingival and subgingival tartar is present. The periodontal pockets are 4-6 mm deep. What is the most likely provisional diagnosis?
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A 27-year-old male patient complains of aching long-lasting pain in the 15 tooth during having meals, especially cold food. Sometimes the pain occurs when the temperature changes. Objectively: on the distal surface of the 15 tooth there is a cavity filled with softened dentin. Probing is painful. Electroexcitability of the pulp is 35 nA. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 12-year-old child presents with body temperature of 38°C, chills, nausea, vomiting, delirium, weakness. In the middle third of face there is butterfly-shaped rash. Regional lymph nodes are enlarged, slightly painful. Blood count: WBC- 12 × 109/l, LYMP - 8,0 × 109/l, ESR - 26 mm/h. Make a diagnosis:
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A 37-year-old patient had an appointment with his orthopaedist about dental prosthetics. During the preparation of hard dental tissues for a fixed denture he was given conduction anesthesia. During the injection the patient developed cold sweat, sudden pallor and cyanosis, thready pulse. The patient stayed conscious, but became relaxed and lethargic. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 25-year-old patient complains of a light brown spot in the upper front tooth. Objectively: the 23 tooth has a single light brown spot in the precervical region. Probing reveals smooth surface. The tooth is nonresponsive to cold and probing. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 48-year-old patient is in grave condition: body temperature is of 39,8°C, the face is asymmetric due to the infiltration of the submental and both submandibular triangles. Speech is difficult as the tongue is displaced upwards. Swallowing is painful. Sublingual plicae are markedly hyperemic and edematous. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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During the dental care procedures a 4-year-old child has been found to have a carious cavity in the 64 tooth. The cavity filled with softened dentin is located within parapulpal dentin and doesn't communicate with the tooth cavity. Probing of the cavity floor is painless. Gingival mucosa in the projection of the root apices of the 64 tooth exhibits a healed fistula. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 20-year-old patient in the 8th month of pregnancy complains about an aesthetic defect, speech disturbance due to the missing upper front tooth. Objectively: the 12 tooth is missing. The 11, 13 teeth are intact, stable, of anatomi- cal shape. The patient has orthognathic bite. What prosthesic design should be preferred?
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A 62-year-old patient diagnosed with TMJ arthritis presented to a clinic. The patient underwent radiography. Specify the radiological presentations of TMJ arthritis:
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A 24-year-old patient consulted a dentist about a cavity in an upper jaw tooth, which appeared three months ago. The tooth had not ached before. Objectively: on the occlusal surface of the 15 tooth there is a small carious cavity within the mantle dentin filled with leftover food. Probing revealed that the cavity walls and floor were dense. The response to thermal stimuli is absent. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 45-year-old patient has a bilateral mental mandibular fracture with a typical displacement of fragments. What actions should be taken to eliminate asphyxia?
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A 42-year-old patient consulted a dentist about a swelling on the left cheek, redness of its skin. 2 months ago he noticed an induration on the left cheek which has been eventually enlarging. The skin over it turned bluish-red and soft in the center. Objectively: the left cheek skin has a lesion sized 2,5x1,5 cm with regular edges, the skin is dramatically thinned, cyanotic, glossy, makes folds and bumps. Intraoral palpation reveals a cord going from the 37 tooth to the cheek lesion. The 37 tooth is filled. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 40-year-old patient consulted a dental surgeon about difficult mouth opening. Clinical examination revealed mouth opening limited to 1 cm. The 48 tooth crown is decayed by 2/3, percussion is strongly positive. What kind of peripheral conduction anesthesia should be applied for the surgical extraction of the 48 tooth?
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A 39-year-old patient had been admitted to the maxillofacial surgery unit for a swelling and bursting pain in the left submandibular region. The swelling appeared after eating spicy foods. After a physical examination, palpation and X-ray the patient was diagnosed with sialoli-thiais of submandibular gland with the concrement localized in the anterior duct. What tactics should be chosen by a dental surgeon after removal of the concrement from the duct?
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A 14-year-old child has been lately complaining about overgrowth and permanent bleeding of gums during tooth brushing. Objectively: gingival papillae in the anterior part of both jaws are swollen, hyperemic, overlap the tooth crowns by 1/3 of their height, bleed easily during the instrumental examination. Caries intensity is of average level. Hygiene of the oral cavity is not satisfactory. In this case it is advisable to recommend a toothpaste containing:
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During examination of a 5-year-old child the orthodontist revealed no wear of teeth, no tremata and diastemata, orthogenic occlusion. Which of the following symptoms in a 5-year-old child is a sign of future teeth overcrowding?
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An 8-year-old child has been clinically diagnosed with exacerbation of chronic periodontitis of the 84 tooth. The crown is decayed by 1/2. What is the dentist's optimal tactics?
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A 21-year-old patient complains of blood that oozes from a cavity in an upper jaw tooth during eating. Objectively: the approximal occlusal surface of the 27 tooth has a deep carious cavity filled with soft tissue overgrowth of purple-red colour that bleeds easily when touched by the probe. Probing causes a slight pain. There is a slight pain reaction to cold stimuli. EPT result is 60 mA. Ro-gram shows no pathological changes. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 20-year-old female patient complains of sore gums, purulent discharges from under the gums, tooth mobility. Objectively: the gums are markedly hyperemic, cover the tooth crowns by 1/3. Periodontal pockets are 7-8 mm deep with moderate purulent discharge. The 16, 26, 36, 31, 46, 41 teeth are missing. The remaining teeth are characterized by the 2 grade mobility. Ro-gram shows root exposure by 2/3, the deep bone niches in the alveolar bone. The skin keratinization of the extensor surfaces of the elbows and knees is present, as well as limb keratoderma. Nails are rough, dull. What disease can be suspected?
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Examination of a 5-year-old child revaled reverse overlap of the incisors and canines. What is the most effective way of abnormal bite prevention at this age?
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A 67-year-old patient consulted a doctor about a formation on his upper lip on the left, which appeared two months ago. Objectively: on the border of skin and vermilion border of the upper lip on the left there is a roundish cone-shaped formation up to 1 cm at the base, narrowing towards the apex, up to 1.3 cm high, gray, dense, painless. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 13-year-old child has been taken to an orthodontist. Objectively: the child has permanent dentition. The 13 tooth with mesio-distal dimensions of 8,9 mm erupted vestibularly outside the dental arch, the interval between the 14 and 12 tooth is 9,2 mm. Select a rational plan of treatment:
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A 7,5-year-old child has square dental arches of both jaws, the relati- onship between the canines and the first permanent molars corresponds with Angle's class I. Specify the dental anomaly according to Kalvelis classification:
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