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KROK 2 Dentistry 2013 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2013 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 12-year-old child has half retention of the 25 tooth, the dental arch lacks space for for 1/3 of the crown. The upper incisors overlap the lower ones by 2/3, the relationship of the first permanent molars on the left corresponds with Angle's class 2. Rational design of orthodontic appliance for the upper jaw should include:
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A 2-month-old baby has acute pneumonia complicated by an abscess. In course of treatment the baby has developed soft tissue swelling of the left supraorbital and infraorbital region due to an edema and inflammatory infiltrate. The child is in grave condition. What complication has developed?
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Objective examination of a 4-year-old child revealed caries in the 74, 84 teeth, abnormal attachment of the upper lip frenulum, which does not require surgical correction. The value of Fedorov-Volodkina oral hygiene index is 1,8. How many times a year the child should see a dentist if the average caries intensity in the respective age group in the given region is 3?
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A 5-year-old child complains of spontaneous pain in an upper jaw tooth on the right that is getting worse at night and during eating cold food. Objectively: the 65 tooth has a deep carious cavity communicating with the tooth cavity. Probing is painful, percussion is painless. Cold water causes long-lasting pain. What is your provisional diagnosis?
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A 56-year-old patient has indications for a clasp denture for the upper jaw. Objectively: the 15,16,17,18,25,26,27,28 teeth are missing. What are the construction peculiarities of the denture in this case?
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A 30-year-old patient consulted a dentist about dull pain, numbness in the lower teeth, the lower lip and chin on the right. Anamnesis data: the problems arose a week ago after the extraction of an impacted wisdom tooth on the right lower jaw. The patient developed the following disease:
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A 56-year-old male patient complains of tooth hypersensitivity to all kinds of stimuli. Objectively: gingival mucosa is anemic, thinned, dense on touch, tooth necks and roots are exposed by 1/3 of their length, ache when touched with a tool. Teeth are stable. There are wedgeshaped defects in the cervical region of all the premolars. What kind of toothpaste should be advised this patient for the complex therapy of the disease?
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A 38-year-old female complains of experiencing pain in her lower lip for half a year, difficult eating and talking. The patient sought medical help at place of residence, but the administered treatment was ineffective. Examination of the lower lip revealed a deep fissure in the centre which affected the vermilion border and partly the mucous membrane of lips. The fissure was covered with a brown crust, after its removal the fissure started bleeding. The fissure edges are hyperkeratinized, infiltrated. Select the optimal treatment tactics:
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An 18-year-old patient lives in an area with fluoride concentration in the drinking water at the rate of 0,7 mg/l. The patient complains of white spots on the front teeth, sensitivity to sweet food. Objectively: there are chalky spots on the vestibular surface in the cervical part of teeth. Enamel has lost its gloss. Which of the following methods will allow to make a diagnosis?
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A 28-year-old patient has been scheduled for the surgical resection of the root apex of the 12 tooth for chronic granulomatous periodontitis. What kind of anesthesia should be given the patient before the surgery?
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During a dental visit a 50-year-old patient suddenly developed tinnitus, nausea, dizziness, blackout, loss of consciousness, dramatic paleness, myosis. There were no pupillary reaction to light and corneal reflexes. Heart sounds were muffled, blood pressure was decreased. The described symptoms correspond with the following medical emergency:
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A 42-year-old female patient presented to a dentist for oral sanitation. She has a history of tonsillitis, rheumatoid arthritis, Botkin's disease. What are the conditions of instrument treatment after the patient's visit?
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A 22-year-old patient complains of discolouration of the 11 tooth. Objectively: the 11 tooth is pink, hard tissues are intact, percussion is painless, mucous membrane around the tooth is unchanged. Radiography shows that the 11 tooth root canal is filed to the top, there are no changes in the periapical tissues. The deep incisal overlap is present. What is the most suitable construction in this clinical situation?
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An 8,5-year-old girl complains of pain in the lower right molar during eating. Objectively: the occlusal surface of the 85 tooth exhibits a carious cavity filled with softened dentin. The cavity is located within circumpulpal dentin and communicates with the tooth cavity. Probing causes acute pain, moderate bleeding. Percussion is painless. What is the optimal treatment?
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A 23-year-old patient complains of minor root exposure, gingival hemorrhage during tooth brushing, gum itch. Objectively: there is supragingival and subgingival dental calculus. Gums are hyperaemic, edematic, pockets are 3,5 mm deep. X-ray picture shows resorption of interalveolar septa by 1/3. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 34-year-old male patient complains of a cosmetic defect, a cavity on the vestibular surface in the cervical part of the 21 tooth. Objectively: the carious cavity is within the enamel, the floor and the walls are pigmented, probing and percussion and painless. There is no pain reaction to stimuli. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 14-year-old patient complains of intense, throbbing pain in the region of the 46 tooth which appeared for the first time two days ago. Objectively: the 46 tooth is filled. Percussion causes acute pain, the tooth is mobile, the mucous membrane around the 46 tooth is hyperemic and edematous, palpation of the mucogingival fold in the root apex projection is painful. Ro-gram shows no changes in the periapical region of the 46 tooth. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Mother of a 1,5-year-old child complains of a formation on the child's right cheek. This formation appeared a few months after birth. Objectively: on the right cheek there is a crimson formation sized 1,5-2,0 cm, painless, with a positive sign of filling. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 28-year-old patient complains of pain and bleeding of gums in the frontal part of the upper jaw on the left. Two years ago, the 22 tooth was covered with a porcelain-fusd-to-metal crown. Objectively: interdental papilla between the 21 and 22 tooth is hypertrophied, markedly hyperemic, overlaps the crown of the 22 by 1/3 of its height, bleeds when touched. Periodontal pocket between the 21 and 22 tooth is 4 mm deep. Artificial crown is located on gingival margin. Radiography reveals resorption of the interalveolar septa between the 21 and 22 tooth by 1/3 of their height. Specify a priority action in the treatment of this patient:
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A 13-year-old girl complains of gingival hemorrhages during tooth brushing and eating solid food. Objectively: the gingival mucosa of the upper and lower jaws is somewhat edematic, hyperemic. The oral hygiene is inadequate. X-ray shows no changes. Make a diagnosis:
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A 45-year-old patient undergoes teeth preparation. 15 minutes after anesthetization with 4% solution of Ubistesin forte the patient developed hyperemia of skin, increased heart rate, headache, syncope. Previously the patient had not exhibited such reaction to this anesthetic. What complication occurred in the patient?
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A 23-year-old patient complains of pain and swelling in the region of a central incisor which was injured some time ago. After clinical and radiographic examination the patient has been diagnosed with acute purulent periostitis of the upper jawmaxilla extending from the 11 tooth; radiograph shows a slight widening of periodontal ligament space of the 11 tooth. Choose the best method of treatment:
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A 45-year-old patient presented to a prosthodontics clinic. During the objective examination the doctor checked the sagittal movements of the lower jaw. What muscles are responsible for sagittal movements of the lower jaw?
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A 55-year-old patient presented to a prosthetic dentistry clinic for prosthetics. During the patient examination the movements of the lower jaw were checked. Specify the position of the heads of mandible relative to the articular tubercle with maximal mouth opening:
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After examination a 42-year-old patient has been diagnosed with acute purulent periostitis of the lower jaw extending from the 35 tooth. What is the most rational method of anesthesia for the 35 tooth extraction and lancing the subperiosteal abscess?
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A 10-year-old girl complains of bleeding from the alveolar socket of the extracted 63 tooth lasting for three days. The patient has a history of prolonged bleeding after removal of primary teeth and frequent nosebleeds. Objectively: oral mucosa is pale, there are small hemorrhages. The socket of the extracted 63 tooth is filled with a big bulging clot with blood oozing from under it. Forearm skin has petechiae. What specialist should be visited in the first place?
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A 20-year-old male patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus has been given anesthesia with Ultracain DS-forte for surgical oral sanitation. What complications may develop in this case?
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A 5-year-old boy has been diagnosed with acute mumps. The child is in a moderately grave condition, body temperature is of 38,6°C, the patient complains of acute pain in the left hypochondrium and epigastrium, radiating to the back. What complication has developed in the child?
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A 6-year-old girl with acute purulent odontogenic lymphadenitis had been given intramuscular injection of cefazolin (0,5 twice a day). 1,5 hour after the drug injection the child developed edema of lips, cheeks, forehead, ears, mucous membrane of mouth and upper airways. What complication developed in the girl?
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As a result of an injury the 51and 61 teeth of a 3-year-old child have completely cut into the alveolar bone. History record: the teeth were partially decayed, changed in colour. Select an appropriate treatment tactics:
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A 43-year-old patient complains of mobility and significant neck exposure of the lower front teeth. Objectively: the gums in the region of the 44,43,42,41,31, 32,33,34 teeth are pale and cyanotic, nonbleeding. The 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth exhibit the I-II grade mobility. The overcrowding of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth is present. The necks of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth are exposed by 1/2 of the root length, the necks of the 43, 33 teeth are exposed by 1/4. What kind of dental prosthesis should be applied in this case?
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A 7-year-old child has to undergo plastic surgery of the upper lip frenulum. What operation should be performed to lengthen the frenulum of the upper lip?
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Routine examination of a 9-year-old girl revealed symmetrical horizontal grooves on the vestibular surfaces of the 16,12,11, 21, 22, 26, 31, 32, 36, 41, 42, 46 teeth. The grooves alternated with intact tooth tissues and were present in these teeth at the time of their eruption. The patient has a history record of pneumonia at the age of 10 months treated with a course of antibiotics. Make a diagnosis:
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A patient with a relevant history of allergic reactions had undergone tests for allergic sensitivity to metals. According to indications, the bridges of precious metal (gold) were fabricated. Specify the warranty period starting from the day of finishing the prosthetic procedures?
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A 60-year-old patient needs a partial removable denture for the upper jaw. The central occlusion has been determined. What is the next stage of prosthetics?
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A 12-year-old child complains of burning lips, pain at mouth opening, yellowish crusts on the vermilion border. Objectively: there are yellowish crusts on the vermilion border extending from one mouth corner to another, from the wet-dry line to the middle of the vermilion border. When the crusts are removed, the smooth bright red moist surface can be seen. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Parents of a 3-year-old child took the child to a pedodontist for oral sanitation. The child has cerebral palsy. Objectively: there is multiple dental caries, gingival mucosa is hyperemic, oral hygiene is inadequate. What method of dental health care may be appropriate in this case?
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A patient with ischemic heart disease has developed ventricular fibrillation. What is the first-priority therapeutic action?
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After an injection of 30 IU of inslulin a diabetic patient developed a short-term excitation followed by loss of consciousness. What is the most likely cause?
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During the blood transfusion a patient developed seizures, tremor, lumbal and retrosternal pain. Objectively: skin became hyperemic and later turned pale, the patient had hyperhydrosis, laboured breathing, Ps at the rate of 110/min, AP-70/40 mm Hg, black urine. What complication occurred in the patient?
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