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KROK 2 Dentistry 2015 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2015 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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An obturator is being made using Ilyina-Markosyan technique for a 45-year-old-patient to compensate for the defect of the hard and soft palate. What type of connection between the fixing and obturating parts will be used?
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A 10-year-old child has fallen and hit stairs with his teeth. An appointment with a dentist was made only 2 days later. There are complains of cold stimulus causing sharp pain. Objectively: the 11th tooth has transversal defect at 2/3 of the crown, the pulp is significantly exposed. Probing causes sharp pain. Percussion is painful, the tooth is mobile. The gums are slightly hyperemic. What method of treatment should be used in this case?
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A 33-year-old patient complains of slowly growing tumor mass in the left submandibular area. Objectively: a tumor with soft elastic consistency can be palpated in the left submandibular area; the tumor changes its configuration when squeezed with fingers and is painless. The skin covering the tumor has no changes in colour, movable. There are no changes detected in the oral cavity. Salivary glands function normaly. Shrinking-inflation symptom is absent. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 52-year-old patient complains of pain and a swelling in the right parotid region. These manifestations have been present for about 2 years. Over the last month the swelling has grown bigger, pain has intensified. Objectively: the face is asymmetric due to the dense infiltrate in the right parotid region. The poorly circumscribed, painful formation infiltrates the surrounding tissues. At the right side of neck in front and behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle there are enlarged, dense, mobile lymph nodes. The right naso-buccal groove is flattened, the corner of mouth is downturned. The mouth opens freely. The are pronounced symptoms of the right facial nerve paresis. What disease can be suspected?
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A 48-year-old patient complains of the lower jaw teeth mobility. Van Thiel dental splint is to be made for prosthodontic treatment. What construction elements are supposed to fix it in place?
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A 38-year-old patient has made an appointment with a dentist to extract the 46th tooth in preparation for prosthetics. Objectively: the 46th tooth is destroyed by 2/3. What kind of anaesthesia is the most advisable for the extraction of the 46th tooth?
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A 13-year-old boy complains of general weakness, high body temperature up to 39°C, lack of appetite, constant pain in the body of the lower jaw. Objectively: observed is significant asymmetry of the face caused by soft tissues swelling in the left buccal and submandibular areas. Mouth opening is restricted. Intraoral examination revealed the following: the 34th, 35th, 36th and 37th teeth are mobile; teeth percussion is painful. The crown of the 36th tooth is completely destroyed. The mucosa of those teeth is hyperemic and painful when palpated. Muff-like enlargement of the lower jaw alveolar process is detected. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 25-year-old woman complains of pain in the 15th tooth, which is caused by thermal stimuli and quickly ceases, when stimulation stops. Objectively: visually detected is a defect with smooth walls that join under an angle, which is located in the cervical zone of the 15th tooth vestibular surface. Thermometry is painful; percussion is painless. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 40-year-old female patient complains of short-term pain in the 34th tooth caused by thermal stimuli. Objectively: the distal surface of the 34th tooth has a carious cavity localised in the circumpulpar dentin. The walls and floor of the cavity are softened, faintly pigmented; probing of the floor is slightly painful. Cold stimulus causes pain that ceases when stimulation stops. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 24-year-old patient complains of new growth in the right lateral surface of the neck. The new growth was first noticed 4 months ago, no appointment with doctor was made. Objectively: the face is asymmetrical due to the new growth in the upper third part of the right lateral surface of the neck. Palpation allows to detect the painless rounded new growth sized 3x3,5 cm; its consistency is dence and elastic; the skin abowe the growth has no changes of colour and can be folded. The new growth is not melded with its surrounding tissues and is situated along the front edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Puncture consists of pale yellow viscous fluid. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A female patient is 51-year-old, with immobile teeth. The marginal periodontium in the area of the 14th-11th, 21st-23rd teeth has inflammation symptoms; gingival and periodontal pockets are 4-5 mm deep. Whole piece metal and plastic denture construction is to be made for the patient. What are the specifics of the construction edge placement relative to the marginal periodontium in this case?
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Parents of an 8-year-old child with Down syndrome took the child to a doctor for oral cavity sanitation. After the examination entailing great difficulties the child was found to have four teeth decayed as a result of chronic periodontitis. What kind of anesthesia should be chosen for surgical sanitation in one visit?
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During examination of the 11-year-old child's oral cavity the 23rd tooth vestibular position was detected. Correlation of the 16th and 46th is Angle class 1, and 26th and 36th is Angle class 2. The width of the 23rd crown is 8 mm. The dentition lacks 4 mm to place the 23rd properly. Front teeth occlusion is normal. Choose the optimal treatment approach.
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A 47-year-old patient complains of a burning sensation and pain in the mouth. Objectively: on the mucous membrane of cheeks along the line of teeth contact and in the corners of mouth there are multiple polygonal bright red erosions 1,0-1,5 cm in diameter located on the hyperkeratinized plaque and opaque whitish mucosa. Cytological analysis revealed keratinizing epithelial cells. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 24-year-old female patient complains of the 15th tooth being lost. The defect is of aesthetic nature. Objectively: the 14th and 16th teeth are intact, stable, clinical crowns are tall with pronounced equators and normal orthognathic overlapping; X-ray image shows no pathologies in the periapical tissues. What kind of denture should be recommended for the patient?
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A12-year-old child has a carious cavity on the surface of the 12th tooth. The cavity is localised in the mantle dentin; its floor and walls are covered with pale softened dentin. Probing the enamel-dentin border is painful. Thermal stimuli cause short-term painful reaction. Vertical percussion is painless, horisontal percussion is slightly painful. Gingival papilla between the 12th and 13th teeth is swollen, hyperemic, bleeds when touched. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 27-year-old female patient has her 26th tooth cavity accidentially breached along the mesial buccal line angle during treatment of acute deep caries of the 26th. Choose the optimal method of treatment.
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A 54-year-old patient complaining of tumor-like growth on the red border of the left lower lip has made an appointment with a dentist. Examination revealed the affected area to be sized 1х1,5 cm, and have irregular shape with clear margins. Focus of the affected area does not protrude from the surrounding red border; the affected area is greyish-white in colour and covered in thin closely placed scales. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 23-year-old male patient complains of gum bleeding when he brushes his teeth or eats tough food. Objectively: the gums of the front lower jaw are hyperemic, swollen and bleed when palpated. The oral and gingival mucosa in other areas are not affected. The occlusion is deep. The teeth are firm, except for the 41st and 31st (class 1 mobility). X-ray imaging shows resorption of the alveolar septum in the area of the 41st, 42nd, 32nd and 31st teeth up to 1/3 of the root length. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 78-year-old patient complains of difficulties when taking food and deformity of the dentition. The anamnesis states the lower jaw fracture 2,5 month ago. Objectively: there is a deformity of the lower jaw front area, which equals 19 mm (artificial joint). Both fragments of the lower jaw have 3 stable teeth each. What prosthesis construction is the most advisable in this case?
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A 3,5-year-old child has symmetrical face, the middle part is predominant in proportions, swallowing is infantile, breathing is nasal. In the oral cavity the dentition corresponds with the age norms, the sagittal fissure is 3 mm, every tooth in the lateral part has its anatagonist, the lower teeth touch the hard palate. Miogymnastics with Dassa orbicularis oris activator is recommended. What function is normalised by this apparatus in the given case?
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A patient consulted a dentist about pain in the 47 tooth. X-ray examination revealed fragments of endodontic instruments in the canals of the medial and distal root. In the periapical zone there are well-defined areas of bone destruction. Select the most appropriate method of treatment:
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After unilateral resection of the upper jaw a 52-year-old patient received the immediate-insertion denture. What is the term of its use?
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A 57-year-old female patient complains of burning pain, dry mouth, feeling of foreign body on the tongue back and lateral surfaces, which disappears in the process of eating. The first case of such symptoms was noted a year ago after psychic trauma. The patient suffers from pancreatic diabetes and sleep disturbance. Examination revealed the following: the tongue mucosa is without significant changes, moderately moistened. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A patient presented to a dental clinic for complex dental care. Objectively: the 37 tooth exhibits a deep carious cavity communicating with the tooth cavity. There is no response to stimuli. Radiography reveals widening and deformation of the periodontal ligament space in the apical region. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A patient with post-resection upper jaw defect that invades the nasal cavity has made an appointment with a prosthodontic clinic. What denture is recommended in the given case?
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An 18-year-old patient with complaint of large diastem has made an appointment with prosthodontics specialist. Objectively: there is full lateral displacement of central incisors due to absence of the 12th and 22nd teeth. What instrument is the most advisable for moving the central incisors closer together?
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An injured patient complains of limited opening of the mouth, nose bleeding, skin numbness in the infraorbital and lower eyelid region. Objectively: there is face deformation due to the depression of soft tissues in the left cheekbone region, step deformity in the middle part of the inferior margin of the left orbit and in the area of the zygomatic alveolar crest. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A patient has sustained blunt object trauma to the face central area. Objectively: the nasal bones are mobile, there is significant swelling of the left temporal region soft tissues, uneven "stair-like"shape of bones is observed in the lower edges of both eyesockets and maxillo-zygomatic sutures, bleeding, open bite. The central part of the face is elongated. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 44-year-old female patient has complaints of the face swelling at the right lower jaw area and teeth mobility. Objectively: soft tissues are without changes, the regional lymph nodes cannot be palpated. The alveolar process and the body of the lower jaw near the 46th, 47th and 48th teeth are thickened, painless when palpated, have bulges. The teeth in the thickened area are mobile. Puncture consists of brown fluid without cholesterol crystals. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 49-year-old patient consulted a dental surgeon about the oral cavity sanitation. He has an indication for the extraction of the 16 tooth. History: the tooth hasn't been treated before, it has decayed within the last 4 years. Objectively: the 16 tooth's crown is decayed by over 2/3, the mucosa exhibits no pathological changes. Which tool is required for the tooth extraction?
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A 39-year-old patient, who works in a printing house, complains of burning pain, metallic taste in the mouth and bad breath. Objectively: the skin is sallow in colour. The oral mucosa has black-and-blue spots. The gums are hyperemic and swollen. The edge of the gums has black-and-blue band. The palate is of yellow shade. Intoxication symptoms are observed. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 16-year-old female patient complains of a deformation and restricted mouth opening since birth. Objectively: the face is symmetrical, disproportionate, there is a bird-like face symptom. The mouth opens up to 1 cm. The patient has an occlusal abnormality, namely deep incisal overbite. What pathology is found in this patient?
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To perform a differentiated diagnostics of the lower jaw displacement a patient was asked to open his mouth as wide as possible, and then the lateral displacement of the lower jaw and face asymmetry were measured. What clinical test is it?
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What measurements are necessary to determine the width of dental arch according to the Pont's method of analysis?
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A patient complains of limited mouth opening, pain during swallowing, fever up to 38,5°C, weakness, indisposition. Objectively: the mouth opens up to 1 cm. After Berchet anesthesia examination of the oral cavity revealed edema, hyperemia, tenderness of the pterygomandibular fold. Lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls are intact. The 38 tooth is semi-impacted. Palpation of the internal surface of the mandibular angle is painful. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 35-year-old patient complains of a neoplasm on the tip of his tongue which he injures with his teeth. The neoplasm sometimes increases, and sometimes decreases in size. Objectively: on the tip of tongue there is a roundish well-defined neoplasm 0,5 cm in diameter with broad base. The neoplasm is the same colour as the mucosa of tongue. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 37-year-old patient complains of bleeding gums, bad breath, loose teeth, difficulties with chewing food. Objectively: gums are bluish-red in colour; periodontal pockets are 6 mm deep and contain serous substance; class II teeth mobility; moderate deposits of subgingival and supragingival dental calculus; Oral Hygiene Index equals 3 points; there is traumatical occlusuion along all the length of the dental arches. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 6,5-year-old child has closed nonpigmented fissures in the first permanent molar, which have been revealed during preventive examination. Enamel transparency is retained, its probing does not reveal any coarseness. Choose the optimal method of treatment in this case.
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A 3-year-old child suffers from extreme gingivitis with slight teeth mobility; teeth are intact. The skin is dry, the hair is brittle, the skin of the palms and soles of the feet is rough and covered in small cracks. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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