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KROK 2 Dentistry 2015 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2015 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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Parents of an 8-year-old child have made and appointment with an orthodontist. There are complaints of their child having traumas of oral mucosa. Objectively: decreased height of the face lower part, everted lower lip, deep labiomental furrow, milk occlusion. The upper incisors fully cover the lower ones; cutting surface of the lower incisors make contact with the anterior third of the palate. Mesiodi-stal ratio of the canines and the first permanent molars is normal. Grouping of the upper and lower front teeth is dissimilar. Make the diagnosis according to the Kalvelis classification.
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A 64-year-old patient with edentulous jaws has a minor uniform atrophy of maxilla and a pronounced atrophy of lateral parts of mandible. The mucosa in these parts makes longitudinal folds, the alveolar crest is mobile in the anterior part. The condition of mandible should be taken into consideration at the following stage of fabrication of a complete removable denture:
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A 46-year-old patient complains of mastication disruption caused by the lack of the 34th, 35th and 36th teeth. The antecedent anamnesis is as follows: the teeth were extracted 3 months ago due to complication of cariosity. The patient anamnesis: the history of tonsillitis, rheumatoid arthritis and Botkin's disease. After the appointment with this patient instruments should be sterilized in the following way:
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A 49-year-old patient has a tooth removed from the left upper jaw under plexus anaesthesia with articaine-forte (Articaine Epinephrine). After the operation the tooth socket did not fill with blood clot. How to prevent alveolitis in this case?
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A 24-year-old female patient consulted a dentist about pain in the 26 tooth. After a physical examination the patient was diagnosed with exacerbation of chronic periodontitis of the 26 tooth. During the tooth extraction the coronal part of the tooth was accidentally broken. Further manipulations with bayonet forceps failed to extract the tooth roots. What actions are to be taken for the successful root extraction?
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Preventive examination of a 5-year-old child revealed a habit of lower lip biting. What malocclusion may develop if the child keeps this habit?
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Parents of an 8-year-old girl are concerned that she is chewing food too slowly. Objectively: it is a period of transitional dentition. The first permanent molars has neutral relationship; sagittal fissure is 2 mm wide. The upper front teeth cover the lower ones by 2/3. Name the pathology.
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When checking construction of the soldered dental bridge with the 35th and 38th abutment teeth the following was detected: pores in the place of soldering together abutment crowns with the intermediate part; masticatory tubercules are sharply defined; there is early contact with tooth-antagonists; the intermediate part makes tight contact with the alveolar process mucosa. How can those flaws be corrected?
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A 14-year-old girl complains of indistinct pronunciation that developed at the age of 14 after the acute respiratory viral disease. Examination revealed normal face and normal teeth alignment, occlusal disharmony was not found. Palpation didn't reveal cleft palate. Uvula doesn't move during pronunciation of sounds, its palpation does not cause gag reflex. What is the reason for indistinct pronunciation of sounds?
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A 53-year-old male patient has made a repeat appointment after 3 days upon the extraction of the 36th tooth. Spot X-ray of the 36th tooth made from within the oral cavity revealed the remaining mesial root. What tools should be used to extract this root?
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A 35-year-old female patient seeks prosthetic dentistry. Objectively: the 18,14,13, 12,11,21,22,23, 24,28 teeth need restoration. The crowns confining the defect are high and stable. To restore the integrity of the dentition it is planned to fabricate a cast clasp denture. What kind of mechanical fixator should be used?
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A 42-year-old female patient has made an appointment with a prosthodontic office to make a denture. Objectively: dental formula is as follows: 18.....1313 12 11 ||| 21 22 23 .... 28 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 ||| 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 The patient has deep occlusion; clinical crowns are low; equator is not pronounced. The patient suffers from epileptic seizures. What kind of denture should be prescribed for this pati- ent?
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A 22-year-old patient presented to a prosthetic dentistry clinic because of missing of the 21 tooth, the 11 and 22 teeth are intact. The 21 tooth was extracted 2 months ago. What construction is most suitable in this case?
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A 48-year-old patient has undergone unilateral resection of the upper jaw. He needs a resection prosthesis. Objectively: the 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 teeth are stable, hard palate is broad, flat. What connection of clasps with the base will reduce the instability of the resection prosthesis?
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A 15-year-old girl complaining of moderate swelling of the left parotic-masticatory area has made an appointment with a dental surgeon. Palpation revealed the left parotid gland to be bulgy, dense, and painless. Its duct secretes turbid saliva. The duct orifice is dilated, the surrounding mucosa is cyanotic, pastose, with teeth imprints. What disease is it?
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The department of maxillofacial surgery admitted a patient who needs repair of a posttraumatic defect of nose wing up to 3,0 cm in diameter. The trauma occured six months ago. What kind of grafting is indicated in this clinical situation?
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A 25-year-old female patient consulted a dentist about acute pain in the upper jaw on the left. The pain occurs during eating. Objectively: on the distal approximal surface of the 26 tooth there is a cavity filled with light soft dentin. Probing causes a slight pain along the dentin-enamel junction, percussion is painless. Cold water causes quickly abating pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 40-year-old female patient has made an appointment with a dentist. She complains of pain in her front teeth of the upper and lower jaws, which is caused by thermal, chemical and mechanical stimuli. Temporomandibular joint is also slightly painful. Objectively: the patient has deep occlusion; the enamel of lingual surface of the front upper teeth and vestbular surface of the front lower teeth is rubbed off exposing the glossy pigmented dentin. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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Whan conduction anaesthesia had been administerd by a dentist, in 2 seconds a patient developed the following symptoms: loss of consciousness, seizures, dilated pupils, absent pupillary response to light, low arterial pressure, laboured breathing, muffled heart sounds. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 13-year-old boy needs his 46th tooth extracted due to chronic granulomatous periodontitis. He has pancreatic diabetes as a concomitant disease. Choose the most advisable anaesthetic and its way of administration.
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During the surgical removal of a retention cyst of the lower lip a 14-year-old boy complained of sudden weakness, dizziness, nausea. Objectively: the skin is covered with cold sweat. Respiration is frequent, pulse is weak, AP is decreased (90/60 mm Hg), the hands are cold. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 10,5-year-old child complains of painful rash on his lips. Objectively: the red border of the lips is swollen, hyperemic, covered in fissures and numerous scabs of dried blood. The skin of the upper lip has small blisters containing serous substance, which merge with each other in some places. Maceration and weeping skin also can be observed, especially in the corners of the mouth. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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An 11-year-old child complains of dryness and tightness of the lips, which the child is licking constantly. Objectively: red border of the lips is dry, infiltrated, hyperemic and covered in numerous thin scales. The skin of the lips is undamaged. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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Parents of a 7,5-year-old child brought him to a dentist for oral cavity sanitation. Objectively: DEF (for primary teeth) DMF (for permanent teeth) index = 4, Green-Vermillion index = 2,5. Fissures of the first permanent molars are open, intact, non-pigmented. What method of primary prevention of dental caries may be appropriate in this case?
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Parents of a 5-year-old child has made an appointment with a dentist for preventive examination of their child. Objectively: the DMF index (Decayed, Missing, Filled)=5, the gingival mucosa is pale pink in colour, Fedorov-Volodkina index is 2,5. For oral hygiene the child should use a toothbrush with the following kind of bristle:
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A 28-year-old patient complains of experiencing gum discomfort, gingival hemorrhages and pain, especially during eating, for a week. Objectively: the gums are swollen and markedly hyperemic, especially within the 43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33 teeth, soft plaque and tartar are present, gingival sulcus is up to 2 mm deep. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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An 18-year-old patient complains of chalky spot in the 23rd tooth, which is slightly painful when cold stimulus is applied. Objectively: the vestibular surface near dental cervix of the 23rd tooth has a white spot 2-3 mm in size. Probing is painless and reveals coarseness of the surface. Thermal stimulus causes slightly painful feeling. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 7-year-old child is diagnosed with complete dislocation of the 11th tooth caused by a trauma that happened 24 hours ago. The tooth was brought along. Objectively: the socket edges are slightly hyperemic, bone walls are intact; the tooth socket is filled with blood clot. What approach is the most advisable for the therapy?
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A 56-year-old patient suffering from exacerbation of schizophrenia has been hospitalized in an oral in-patient department with a diagnosis of the lower jaw displaced fracture in the area of the 34th-35th teeth. What method of treatment should be prescribed?
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A 37-year-old patient had an appointment with his orthopaedist about dental prosthetics. During the preparation of hard dental tissues for a fixed denture he was given conduction anesthesia. During the injection the patient developed cold sweat, sudden pallor and cyanosis, thready pulse. The patient stayed conscious, but became relaxed and lethargic. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 48-year-old patient is in grave condition: body temperature is of 39,8°C, the face is asymmetric due to the infiltration of the submental and both submandibular triangles. Speech is difficult as the tongue is displaced upwards. Swallowing is painful. Sublingual plicae are markedly hyperemic and edematous. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 32-year-old patient is hospitalized in an oral surgery department with perforating wound of the cheek. The size of the wound opening is 1,5х4,0 mm. What kind of restorative surgical operation is the most advisable in this case?
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A 60-year-old patient has been undergoing the procedure of checking the complete removable dentures construction and fixing teeth on wax bases. The following flaws have been detected: fissure between the teeth on the frontal area and tubercule contact in the lateral area. What mistake had been made?
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A 20-year-old patient in the 8th month of pregnancy complains about an aesthetic defect, speech disturbance due to the missing upper front tooth. Objectively: the 12 tooth is missing. The 11, 13 teeth are intact, stable, of anatomical shape. The patient has orthognathic bite. What prosthesic design should be preferred?
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A 30-year-old patient complains of pain and swelling in the area of the left parotid salivary gland, which occurred 7 days after he had undergone abdominal cavity surgery. Objectively: body temperature equals 39°C, restricted mouth opening; dry mouth; when the gland is massaged, there is purulent exudate being secreted from its duct. The patient can be diagnosed with the following disease:
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A 16-year-old girl complains of cosmetic defect of the front teeth - there are dark spots and hard tissues defects. The spots were detected in the process of teething, the defects developed later. The following diagnosis was made: erosive form of fluorosis of the 16th, 11th, 12th, 22nd, 26th, 31st, 32nd, 36th, 41st, 42nd, 46th teeth. Choose the method of treatment.
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An 8-year-old boy has thickening of the lower jaw body in the area of the 83rd, 84th and 85th teeth. In the given area a rounded painless tissue protrusion can be detected; the Dupuytren's symptom is positive. Deciduous teeth are intact. X-ray image of the lower jaw made in lateral projection shows the focus of bone destruction with clear margins in the area of the 83rd, 84th and 85th teeth. The 44th tooth follicle is shifted down in distal direction, the crown is projected on the destruction focus. What is the clinical diagnosis?
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In the process of the 26th tooth extraction a 34-year-old patient suddenly developed the following symptoms: tinnitus, weakness, paleness of skin. Vertigo was diagnosed. What first aid approach is the most advisable?
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A 15-year-old adolescent complains of a two-day long sharp pulsing pain in the tooth, which intensifies when biting or touching the tooth with the tongue. Objectively: the 26th tooth contains composite material filling. Vertical and horisontal percussion of the tooth are painful, the tooth is slightly mobile in vestibular-oral projection. Gingival mucosa of the affected area is hyperemic, swollen, sharply painful when palpated. X-ray imaging shows no changes. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 5-year-old child has a cavity localised in the deep dentin on the masticatory surface of the 75th tooth. The cavity is filled with softened pigmented dentin and food remains. The child complains of dull pain when taking food or cold liquids. Probing of the cavity floor is slightly painful; when the dentin is removed with excavator, pink pulp is visible through the cavity floor. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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