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KROK 2 Dentistry 2015 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2015 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
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A 9-year-old child complains of dull pain in a tooth, which increases when the tooth is pressed. One month ago the tooth was treated for pulpitis. Objectively: the 36th tooth is filled; percussion is sharply painful; mucosa is hyperemic, swollen. X-ray imaging does not show any changes. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 50-year-old female patient complains of pain in the upper left jaw, high fever up to 38,5°C, worsening of her general condition. The disease onset was 3 days ago. Objectively: the face is asymmetrical due to swelling of the right cheek soft tissues, palpation is painful, the skin is hyperemic. The crown of the 16th tooth is destroyed completely; percussion sensitivity is positive. There is hyperemia and edema of the alveolar process soft tissues in the area of the 15th, 16th and 17th teeth vestibular surface. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 60-year-old patient complains of a growth in the mental region, which is painless and slowly grows in size. Objectively: there is rounded infiltrate with clear margins in the mental region; it is slightly painfiul, the skin under it is very thin. Palpation in the vestibule of mouth reveals dense band going from the growth to the destroyed 33rd tooth. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 43-year-old patient complains of mobility of all his teeth. Upon examination and additional tests the following diagnosis is made: generalized periodontitis. What kind of treatment does this patient need?
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A 38-year-old female complains of experiencing pain in her lower lip for half a year, difficult eating and talking. The patient sought medical help at place of residence, but the administered treatment was ineffective. Examination of the lower lip revealed a deep fissure in the centre which affected the vermilion border and partly the mucous membrane of lips. The fissure was covered with a brown crust, after its removal the fissure started bleeding. The fissure edges are hyperkeratinized, infiltrated. Select the optimal treatment tactics:
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A 44-year-old male patient diagnosed with chronic generalized periodontitis, class II, has had flap surgery of the lower jaw. What kind of oral hygiene procedures are recommended for this patient during the first 2-3 days after the surgery?
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A 42-year-old female patient presented to a dentist for oral sanitation. She has a history of tonsillitis, rheumatoid arthritis, Botkin's disease. What are the conditions of instrument treatment after the patient's visit?
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A 50-year-old patient complains of his lower jaw teeth mobility. Objectively: the dentition is intact; the necks of the teeth are bared; the tooth crowns are tall; teeth mobility is class 1-2. What kind of dental splint is the most advisable?
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A patient complains of an increasing new growth in the left sublingual area, which he first noticed 2 months ago. Some time after that he noticed this new growth to secrete large amount of clear viscous fluid, which was colorless and tasteless; initially this caused the new growth to become smaller but subsequently it started to grow again. Objectively: there is a rounded new growth sized 3x3 cm in the left sublingual area, its consistency is soft and elastic, there is no pain. The mucosa above is thinned out, semitransparent, bluish in shade. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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After extreme exposure to cold a 42-year-old patient complains of headache in the left frontal lobe and the left upper jaw. Objectively: the face is symmetrical; left nasal meatus breathing is obstructed, and serous-purulent discharge is being produced; palpation of the suborbital area and further along the mucogi-ngival fold in the 24th, 25th teeth projection reveals slight pain. Percussion of these teeth is painless. The 24th tooth has a filling. The alveolar process mucosa has no visible changes. X-ray imaging shows decreased pneumatization of the left maxillary sinus. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 8,5-year-old child is practically in good health. There is a complaint of pain in the upper left tooth, due to it having been physically damaged 3 hours ago. Objectively: 1/2 of the 21st tooth crown is destroyed, the pulp is significantly exposed, red, sharply painful and bleeding when probed. Percussion of the 21st tooth is sharply painful. Choose the optimal method of the 21st tooth treatment.
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A 34-year-old male patient complains of a cosmetic defect, a cavity on the vestibular surface in the cervical part of the 21 tooth. Objectively: the carious cavity is within the enamel, the floor and the walls are pigmented, probing and percussion and painless. There is no pain reaction to stimuli. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 6-year-old child complains of pain in the right submandibular region. A day before he complained of a sore throat. Objectively: the child is in moderately severe condition, body it is 37,9°C. The face is asymmetric due to a dense tender infiltrate in the right submandibular region. The infiltrate is slightly mobile, the overlying skin is hyperemic. There is fluctuation in the center. The teeth are intact. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A dentist treats a 35-year-old patient from chronic deep caries of the 24th tooth that has mesial-occlusal-distal cavity. What should the dentist do to prevent the cavity edges from chipping?
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A 19-year-old young man complains of unaesthetical look of his teeth, nearly all of which have spots and defects; his teeth have had such appearance since the moment of teething. The patient was born and had been living until the age of 5 in the area, where the fluorine content of drinking water was 3,2 mg/l. Objectively: the enamel of all his teeth is of dull chalky shade with separate dark-brown spots, and has multishaped defects with dense margins, that are the most pronounced on the front upper teeth. What type of fluorosis does this patient have?
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To fill a medium depth carious cavity in the 37th tooth (Black class 2) of a 35-year-old male patient a doctor has chosen a technique of layer-by-layer tooth restoration. What composite material should be applied for covering the carious cavity walls and floor to create the initial super adaptive layer?
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A 13-year-old girl has bleeding gums and her front teeth are mobile. These symptoms have been observed during the last month. Objectively: the gum mucosa in the area of the lower incisors and canines is swollen, hyperemic, bleeding when touched. There is class I teeth mobility, periodontal pockets are 3 mm deep. Orthopantomogram shows bone tissue destruction of the alveolar septums up to 1/3 of their height. Congestion of the lower jaw front teeth can be observed. Oral Hygiene Index equals 4,2. What specialist must be consulted first?
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A 45-year-old patient complains of being unable to chew food due to loss of the lateral teeth. The rest of his teeth have mobility of the 1-2 type. What construction is the most advisable for dental prosthetics?
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A 65-year-old male patient complains of a long-lasting pain in a mandibular tooth on the right. The pain increases on biting. The patient has a history of this tooth treatment for caries. Objectively: the cavity on the masticatory surface of the 36 tooth is filled, percussion causes pain responce. Along the mucogingi-val junction in the projection of the 36 tooth roots there is a fistula with purulent discharge. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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During examination of an 8-year-old child there were spots detected on the vestibular surface of the 11th, 12th, 21st and 22nd teeth. The spots are pearly-white, glossy, painless when probed, and gradually merge with non-changed enamel. Ultraviolet irradiation revealed the spots to fluoresce blue. The child has been living up to the age of 3 in the region, where fluorine content of drinking water was 2 mg/l. What kind of non-carious lesion is it?
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A woman with complaints of restricted mouth opening has made an appointment with a prosthodontic clinic. What muscles are responsible for the downwards mowement of the lower jaw?
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A 45-year-old patient is diagnosed with generalized periodontitis; there is class II mobility of the 13th, 12th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd teeth. The patient has made an appointment with dental clinic to make a prostesis after the extraction of the 11th tooth. What prosthodontic construction is the most advisable for combined therapy of generalized periodontitis in this case?
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A 65-year-old male patient complains of crepitation and clicking in both temporomandibular joints; pain when moving his mandible to the right; ear noise; dry mouth; glossalgia. He has been using a complete removable denture for the mandible for 6 months. The patient has no history of rheumatosis. Objectively: the lower third of the face is shortened, mental fold is strongly pronounced, mouth corners are downturned, there are angular fissures and cracks. Palpation reveals crepitation during TMJ moving. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 45-year-old patient undergoes teeth preparation. 15 minutes after anesthetization with 4% solution of Ubistesin forte the patient developed hyperemia of skin, increased heart rate, headache, syncope. Previously the patient had not exhibited such reaction to this anesthetic. What complication occurred in the patient?
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An accident victim with an injury of face and the temporal region was diagnosed with a fracture of the zygomatic arch. Which processes of the skull bones are damaged?
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A 20-year-old male patient complains of spontaneous pain in the 24 tooth, which arose suddenly and persists for about 15 minutes. Objectively: the distal surface of the 24 tooth exhibits a deep carious cavity with overhanging walls. The cavity is filled with light softened dentin and communicates with the tooth cavity. The cold stimulus causes acute, slowly abating pain. Percussion causes no pain response. Select the best method of treatment:
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A 25-year-old patient complains of pain when biting on the 15 tooth. The pain arose two days ago, has a constant aching nature and increased significantly over the last day. Objectively: the crown of the 15 tooth is gray, the medial contact surface exhibits a deep carious cavity communicating with the tooth cavity. Percussion causes acute pain, the gingival mucosa in the projection of the 25 tooth root apex is hyperemic. The regional lymph node is tender. Radiograph shows an ill-defined zone of periapical bone destruction. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 27-year-old patient has been referred by a prosthodontist for endodontic treatment of the 45th tooth. Objectively: the 45th tooth crown is destroyed; the lateral surface of the tongue and the buccal mucosa have patches of greyish macerated epithelium slightly rising above the mucosa surface at the points of direct contact with the 45th tooth. The uvula and palatal bars are stagnant-red in colour; hard palate has papulae surrounded with red margin and covered in greyish epithelium. The submandibular, cervical, supraclavicular, and subclavicular lymph nodes are enlarged and painless. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 20-year-old male patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus has been given anesthesia with Ultracain DS-forte for surgical oral sanitation. What complications may develop in this case?
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A 43-year-old patient complains of mobility and significant neck exposure of the lower front teeth. Objectively: the gums in the region of the 44, 43, 42, 41, 31, 32, 33, 34 teeth are pale and cyanotic, non-bleeding. The 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth exhibit the I-II grade mobility. The overcrowding of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth is present. The necks of the 42, 41, 31, 32 teeth are exposed by 1/2 of the root length, the necks of the 43,33 teeth are exposed by 1/4. What kind of dental prosthesis should be applied in this case?
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A 7-year-old child has to undergo plastic surgery of the upper lip frenulum. What operation should be performed to lengthen the frenulum of the upper lip?
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A 12-year-old boy is in the dental office to complete treatment of the 36th tooth chronic periodontitis exacerbation. There are no complaints. Objectively: occlusive dressing of the 36th tooth is intact; tooth percussion is painless; there are no pathologies of the mucosa surrounding the 36th; mucosa palpation is painless. What material is the most advisable for root canal filling in this case?
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A patient with complaints of toothache in the left upper jaw has made an appointment with a dental clinic. He was diagnosed with chronic periodontitis of the 24th tooth. What kind of anaesthesia is necessary for painless extraction of the 24th tooth?
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A 60-year-old patient needs a partial removable denture for the upper jaw. The central occlusion has been determined. What is the next stage of prosthetics?
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A 12-year-old boy, due to trauma of the 44th and 45th teeth area, suffers from the following: pathologic displacement of the mandibular alveolar process; rupture of the alveolar process mucosa. What additional examination is necessary to specify the diagnosis?
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A 5-year-old shild has sustained a trauma. Objectively: the crowns of the 51st and 61st teeth are shorter then their adjacent ones. The mucosa surrounding the 51st and 61st teeth is hyperemic and swollen. X-ray imaging shows the periodontal fissure to be absent in the apical area of the 51st and 61st roots, 51st and 61st roots apexes are submerged in the spongy bone of the body of the lower jaw. Choose the optimal treatment.
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A 10-year-old child complains of pain and swelling in the left submandibular region; eating causes pain. Objectively: the mouth can be fully opened, the mucosa of the torus mandi-bularis is hyperemic, excretory duct produces pus. X-ray imaging reveals an oval shade in the left submandibular area. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A patient complains of the alveolar process deformation of the left upper jaw. Objectively: the crown of the 25th tooth is destroyed with cariosity. X-ray image of the paranasal sinuses shows the left one to have veil-like shading with clear dome-shaped margin. X-ray image of the crown of the 25th tooth shows absence of the periodontal fissure at the palatal root apex. What is the most probable diagnosis?
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A 26-year-old female patient suffers from bleeding gums. For 3 years she has been suffering from pancreatic diabetes. Objectively: gingival papillas of all her teeth are hyperemic, swollen and overlap with the teeth crowns by 1/3 of the crowns height. What method of examination must be conducted for differentiated diagnostics?
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Parents of a 3-year-old child took the child to a pedodontist for oral sanitation. The child has cerebral palsy. Objectively: there is multiple dental caries, gingival mucosa is hyperemic, oral hygiene is inadequate. What method of dental health care may be appropriate in this case?
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