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KROK 2 Dentistry 2019 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2019 KROK 2 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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To extract tooth 27, the patient was given tuberal and palatal anesthesia. When the needle was being pulled out from the soft tissues after the palatal anesthesia, the patient developed bleeding. What should be done to stop the bleeding in this case?
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A 24-year-old patient came to the dentist complaining of chalky lesions on the front teeth. Objectively teeth 11, 21, 31, 41 present with chalky lesions separated by areas of healthy unchanged enamel. Lesion surface is coarse; there is no response to thermal stimuli. Childhood years of the patient were spent in the area with fluorine level of 1.8 mg/L in drinking water. Make the diagnosis:
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During examination the child presents with micrognathia and open bite. X-ray shows no joint space, the right branch of the lower jaw immediately continues as the temporal bone. Make the diagnosis:
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A 10-year-old child is referred by the orthodontist for extraction of tooth 53. Objectively the crown of 53 is retained, the tooth is immobile. X-ray of tooth 53 shows root resorption by less than 1/3. Choose the best instrument for extraction of tooth 53:
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An 18-year-old patient with complaint of large diastem has made an appointment with prosthodontics specialist. Objectively: there is full lateral displacement of central incisors due to absence of the 12th and 22nd teeth. What instrument is the most advisable for moving the central incisors closer together?
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A 30-year-old patient is diagnosed with acute suppurative odontogenic periostitis of the upper left jaw originating from tooth 23. The crown of 23 on the left is destroyed with caries by 1/3. Teeth 22 and 24 are intact. Spot- film X-ray shows widening of the periodontal fissure of 23. What treatment would be the most advisable in this case?
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A patient is diagnosed with mandibular ameloblastoma. What type of surgery is recommended for this patient?
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A 21-year-old man complains of difficult mouth opening and visible facial deformation throughout the last 2 years. He has a history of facial trauma several years ago. Examination shows the right side of the face to be flattened, the chin is displaced to the right. Palpation detects diminished excursion of the articular head in the left lower jaw. Mouth opening is reduced to 1 cm. Make the preliminary diagnosis:
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What prosthodontic appliance has mechanical type of action?
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A 37-year-old patient has symmetrical face; the mucosa in the area of the 12 tooth root apex projection is pale pink; palpation is painless; the tooth crown is destroyed by 1/3; percussion is painless. X-ray: the root canal of the 12 tooth is filled to the apex; granuloma 4 mm in diameter surrounds the root apex. Choose the method of surgical treatment:
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In the maxillofacial department a 6-month-old boy was hospitalized due to bleeding from a wound in the frenulum of his tongue. He has a medical history of frenulotomy the day before. The bleeding started 6 hours after the surgery. Suturing the wound was ineffective against the bleeding. The child was brought to the hematology department, where the bleeding was stopped by intravenous administration of coagulation factor IX concentrate. Make the diagnosis:
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A 40-year-old man had his root canal of the 34 tooth filled due to chronic fibrous periodontitis. Soon the treated place became painful. On X-ray the root canal of the 34 tooth is filled to the root apex. What tactics should the dentist choose to manage the pain?
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A 50-year-old man complains of painful defect that manifests as a crack in his lower lip. The defect appeared one month ago. Objectively the lower lip is dry, intactness of the vermillion border of the lower lip is linearly disturbed by a lesion that is located in the middle of the lip, is covered in dried blood, and extends to the labial mucosa. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 34-year-old man presents with persisting dull pain in his tooth, which aggravates on biting. One week ago the tooth was treated for deep caries. Objectively on the masticatory surface of tooth 36 there is a filling, percussion is painful, there is a supracontact observed in the area of 36. X-ray shows unchanged periodontium. What mistake was made when tooth 36 was being filled?
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A 45-year-old man complains of persisting dull pain in 46 that occurs in response to thermal and chemical stimuli. Examination of 46 detected in the precervical area of its vestibular surface a deep carious cavity filled with soft pigmented dentin. Probing is sharply painful at one point. Cold water stimulus induces a dull pain that<'gradually intensifies. Make the diagnosis:
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A 35-year-old man has been hospitalized into a maxillofacial unit with complaints of mobility of the 38, 37, and 36 teeth and a fistulous tract in the socket of the extracted 35 tooth. The condition has been persisting for over 3 months. Insertion of a grooved probe into the fistulous tract palpated exposed coarse bone fragment that easily moved under pressure. X-ray of the lower jaw demonstrates a focus of bone tissue destruction, with a spot of dense bone tissue 0.5x0.3 cm in size. Make the diagnosis:
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An 18-year-old young man complains of a cavity in 27 and pain when eating solid food. He has a history of severe pain in 27 one year ago; he requested no medical help at the time. Objectively on the masticatory surface of 27 there is a deep carious cavity that communicates with the pulp chamber. The cavity is nearly completely filled with overgrown granulation tissue. Probing of the granulations leads to mild pain and bleeding. Percussion is painless. EPT is 45 microamperes. Make the diagnosis:
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A patient received a chemical bum to the face. The burn was caused by sulfuric acid. What substance should be used in the wound processing to neutralize this acid?
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A 6-year-old child for a 3rd day presents with body temperature up to 38-39°C and painful swallowing. Objectively on the mucosa of the palatine arches, tonsils and a part of the soft palate there are several erosions up to 2 mm in diameter. Tire erosions are situated on the hyperemic mucosa and covered in whitish plaque. Submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged and painless on palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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A 48-year-old man presents with verruciform, dense, gray-white growths on the buccal mucosa. The growths protrude above the neighbouring tissues and are surrounded by keratinized gray- white spots that cannot be scraped off. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 36-year-old man complains of an ulcer on his lower left lip. Three weeks ago a smal round red spot appeared on his lip. Eventually it became more dense and noticeable and 2- 3 days ago developed an ulcer in its center, while under the lower jaw appeared multiple painless nodules. Objectively on the mucosa of the lower left lip there is an oval ulcer, I. 2 cm in diameter, with smooth clear margins and bright-red glossy floor. Ulcer edges form a cushion that smoothly descends to the bottom of the ulcer. In the base of the ulcer there is a dense painless infiltration. Submandibular lymph nodes are enlarged and painless, the skin over them remains unchanged. This clinical presentation corresponds with the following disease:
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A 20-year-old pregnant woman with the term of 22 weeks complains of thermal sensitivity of her upper front teeth. The sensitivity developed one month ago. She was diagnosed with acute initial caries of teeth 12, 11, 21, 22, Black class V Fedorov-Volodkina hygiene index is 1.8. What treatment tactics would be optimal in this case?
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A 66-year-old woman complains of dull pain in her left parotid-masseteric region and increasing facial assymetry that she first noticed 2-3 months ago. Objectively the patient is undernourished, pale, and suffers from the left-sided paresis of the mimic muscles. In front of her earlobe, there is a lumpy infiltration without clear margins. The infiltration is 4x5 cm in size. It is fused to the surrounding tissues and moderately painful. No saliva could be produced from the duct of the left parotid gland. Submandibular and cervical lymph nodes on the left are enlarged. Survey X-ray of the mandible shows no changes in the structure of the bone tissue. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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An 18-year-old girl needs consultation of the dentist regarding a neoplasm that appeared in the frontal area of her face. On the frontal area there is a pink-red semicircular spot on her skin 3-4 cm in size, with clear margins. When pressed, the skin in the affected area discolors and becomes pale. As soon as the pressing stops, the skin again assumes its pink-red color. When the patient bows her head, the spot darkens and enlarges in volume; when the patient lifts her head, the spot gradually returns to its initial pink-red color. Make the diagnosis:
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A 12-year-old boy complains of constant pain in the upper tooth. The pain aggravates on biting. Objectively in 26 there is a deep carious cavity non-communicating with the dental cavity. Thermal stimuli and probing of the cavity floor are painless. Percussion is sharply painful. Mucosa in the area of tooth 26 exhibits mild signs of inflammation. X- ray of tooth 26 shows no changes. Make the diagnosis:
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A 15-year-old girl complains of brief pain attacks in her teeth due to chemical stimuli. Objectively: on the contact surfaces of the 11, 21, 22 teeth there are enamel areas matt white in color, with lost shine, covered in large amount of dental deposit. Enamel is softened and can be easily chipped off with excavator. Probing of lesions is painless. Percussion is painless. No reaction to cold stimuli. Make the diagnosis:
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The 40-year-old woman complains of inability to properly masticate due to the loss of the following lateral teeth: 18,16,15,25,26,28, 38, 35, 36, 44-46, and 48. The rest of her teeth present with the 1-11 degree of mobility. Generalized periodontitis is observed. What denture construction would be optimal in this case?
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A 28-year-old man has received a hit to the chin. He complains of pain in the right side of his face. Examination shows asymmetrical face due to tissue swelling in the upper right parotid area, mouth opening is painful, limited, the jaw is displaced to the right, right-sided crossbite is observed. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 42-year-old woman after examination was diagnosed with closed medial mandibular fracture in the area of 31, 41, non-displaced. Crown portions of her other teeth are intact. Additionally she was diagnosed with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity. What type of splint would be the most advisable for fracture treatment in this patient?
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A man complains of pain in his lower right jaw and impaired mouth opening. Objectively on visual examination his face is symmetrical, mouth opening is slightly impaired, trismus of the 1 degree is observed. Mucosa behind tooth 47 is swollen, hyperemic, and painful on palpation. Medial cusps of tooth 48 are visible, while the tooth itself has not fully erupted. What provisional diagnosis can be made?
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A 48-year-old woman complains of low-grade fever and a gradually enlarging ulcer on her gingival mucosa near the molars; the teeth in the affected area are mobile. Objectively on the gingival mucosa between the lower left molars there are two superficial sharply painful ulcers with undermining margins. Floor of the ulcers is granulated and covered in yellow-gray coating. Small tubercles surround the ulcers. Tooth cervices are exposed, pathologic tooth mobility is observed. Regional lymph nodes are enlarged, painful, and matted together into dense clusters. Make the provisional diagnosis:
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A 21-year-old man with facial furuncle was brought to the maxillofacial department. What facial localization of furuncles and carbuncles is often complicated by trombophlebitis of the angular vein?
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A 20-year-old young woman complains of pain and marked bleeding in her gums when she brushes her teeth and eats even soft food. Objectively her gingival mucosa is swollen, hyperemic and bleeds even on the slightest touch. The teeth are covered with moderate amount of soft dental plaque. What toothpaste should be recommended to this patient as a part of complex treatment of her condition?
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A 28-year-old man came to the maxillofacial surgery department. He complains of a cutaneous neoplasm in his right submandibular region. The neoplasm appeared approximately 2 years ago. In the process of shaving, the neoplasm was frequently injured. He was diagnosed with papilloma. In the neoplastic area, examination shows an ulcer against the background of hyperemic skin. What tactics should the dental surgeon choose?
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A 10-year-old child complains of pain, dryness, enlargement, and peeling of the lips. Exaination detected hyperemic labial mucosa and enlarged lips; when the lips are pulled taut, secretion resembling ’’dewdrops" is being produced from minor salivary glands. What is the most likely provisional diagnosis?
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One week ago a patient received removable dentures for the upper and lower jaws. During a follow-up visit to the dentist the patient complains of accidental cheek- biting and pain. Objectively he presents with hyperemia, edema, ulceration of the buccal mucosa along the line of teeth closure in the area of the artificial molars. What is the likely cause of this condition?
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An 18-year-old girl in her childhood underwent a surgery for complete bilateral cleft upper lip. Examination detects multiple scars on the markedly flat upper lip. There is no visible asymmetry, but the upper lip is slightly deformed. Wide bases of the wings of her nose are symmetrically displaced laterally and posteriorly. Her nasal septum is shortened. The tip of the nose is bifurcated and drawn to the upper lip. Her nasal dorsum is arcuate. What changes occurred in the patient’s jaws?
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A woman complains of pain response to thermal stimuli in her lower right jaw. The pain quickly abates after the stimulus is withdrawn. Objectively on the masticatory surface of the 26 there is a carious cavity with narrow "entrance" located within the mantle dentin. The dentin is soft and light-colored. Percussion of the 26 is painless. Make the diagnosis:
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A 7-year-old girl complains of a neoplasm on her lower lip. The neoplasm appeared 3 months ago and has been slowly growing since then. Objectively on the mucosa of the lower right lip there is a round neoplasm 0.5-1 cm in diameter. It protrudes from the mucosa, has smooth surface, and its clear bluish content is visible through its walls. On palpation it is painless and elastic. Make the clinical diagnosis:
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A 32-year-old woman needs a denture. After objective examination the decision was made in favor of porcelain-fused-to-metal crown. What material should be used in this case to obtain the impression?
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