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KROK 1 Dentistry 2021 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2021 KROK 1 Dentistry exam questions with answers and explanations.
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A patient has a history of trauma followed by hemorrhagic bursitis of the left knee joint. During an examination 3 months later, limited mobility is observed in this joint because of scar formation. What inflammation component is the basis for the development of this complication?
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The patient's masticatory muscles are paralyzed on the left. These muscles are innervated by the branches of the:
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After a surgery an animal developed tetany as a result of low plasma calcium levels. What endocrine gland was removed in the animal?
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A 25-year-old man undergoes dental procedures. Several minutes after his oral cavity was lavaged with a furacilin (nitrofural) solution, he developed markedly swollen lips. What type of allergic reaction is observed in this case?
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There are several ways of ammonia neutralization in the body, with some organs having their own specific ways. What way of ammonia neutralization is characteristic of brain cells?
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In humans the process of aging is associated with decreased synthesis and secretion of pancreatic juice and its lower trypsin content. It results in disturbed breakdown of:
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The patient's joints are enlarged and painful. The patient's blood urate levels are high. Name this pathology: removed in the animal?
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In an experiment on a dog, the role of adrenal glands in the thermoregulation processes was studied. What adrenal hormone constricts the blood vessels, reducing the heat emission?
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A patient with diabetes mellitus developed acidosis because of ketone bodies accumulation in the blood. What changes will be observed in the respiratory system in this case?
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Diabetes mellitus patient A developed unconsciousness and seizures after administration of insulin. What result of biochemical blood glucose analysis is the most likely in this case?
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A woman diagnosed with dysentery was hospitalized into the infectious diseases determined that the causative agents are Entamoeba histolytica. What drug should she be prescribed?
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Sputum sample a tuberculosis patient obtained A from sent to a bacteriological laboratory. Bacterioscopy of smear microslides for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires the following staining method:
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During a car accident, a person received a strong blow to the epigastric region, which caused a cardiac arrest. What was the likely cause of such change in the cardiac activity?
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Autopsy of the body of a woman, who died of acute myocardial infarction, detected a thrombus in a vein of her left shin. Microscopy of the thrombus shows that it is substituted with a connective tissue with diffuse deposits of calcium salts. Name this type of thrombosis outcome:
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A patient diagnosed with oral candidiasis was prescribed an antifungal drug. What drug was chosen for this patient
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Epidermis regeneration in the areas of traumatic damage occurs because of a growth zone (Malpighian layer). What epidermal layers are included into this zone?
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Two weeks after the recovery from tonsillitis, a 17-year-old young man developed acute diffuse glomerulonephritis What is the most common cause of this complication?
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An 8-year-old girl against the background of a suspected viral infection developed body temperature of 39°C. What medicine should she be prescribed to lower her temperature?
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To clarify the diagnosis of a 15-year-old patient, it is necessary to perform a sialography of the parotid gland. Where is the opening, through which a radiocontrast agent will be introduced in this case?
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Indirect calorimetry shows that the basal metabolic rate of a person is 40% lower than the norm. What endocrine gland does not function properly in this person, causing this condition?
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A 66-year-old man was given a sulfate magnesium solution intravenously for hypertensive crisis relief. However, his blood pressure did not decrease. After of this inertness, sluggishness, and depressed consciousness and respiration. What drug is a magnesium sulfate antagonist and removes the signs of its overdose?
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A 35-year-old woman came to the physician because of a 4-month history of progressive weakness of both lower limbs. She notes difficulties with climbing stairs and complains of lethargy and loss of muscle bulk. Her diet consists primarily of "polished" rice. A diagnosis of dry beriberi is suspected. Deficiency of which of the following vitamins is most likely to be detected in her blood?
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An HIV-positive patient presents with immune system. In this case, the immunodeficiency is primarily caused by (thiamine) suppressed activity of the damage to a certain group of cells What cells are damaged?
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A dentist was hospitalized into the infectious diseases unit with complaints of nausea, appetite loss, icteric sclerae and subcostal pain on the right. Laboratory analysis confirmed the diagnosis of viral hepatitis, type B. what infection transmission route is the most likely in this case?
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Kidney diseases lead to increased levels of residual nitrogen in the blood. What fraction contributes to the elevated residual nitrogen levels in the patients with renal pathology?
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During a prolonged starvation, glucocorticoid secretion by the adrenal cortex increase the synthesis of in the liver. gluconeogenetic enzymes Name the terminal enzyme of this process:
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Physiologists determined erythrocyte blood count depends on the functional condition of red bone marrow and the life span of an erythrocyte. What is the average life span of an erythrocyte in the peripheral blood?
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A patient is diagnosed with maxillary Sinusitis. Into what anatomical structure will the pus flow from the inflamed paranasal sinus?
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A 66-year-old man was diagnosed with a malignant epithelial tumor, originating bronchus. What epithelium is the source of tumor development in this case?
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An experimental animal, a dog, received a weak solution of hydrochloric through a tube inserted into the acid duodenum. Primarily, it will result in increased secretion hormone:
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The substances are excreted from the cell, when membrane structure of the Golgi apparatus connects to the cell membrane. The content of this structure is then expelled from the cell. This process is called:
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A patient loses his equilibrium, when in an upright position with his eyes closed. What brain structures are the most likely to be damaged in this patient?
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The microslide of a parenchymatous organ shows hexagonal lobules with blurry margins and a vein in the center of each lobule. In the interlobular connective tissue there are triads, consisting of an artery, a vein, and an excretory duct. What organ is it?
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Bacteriological examination group of patients with dental detected various microorganisms. microorganism plays the leading role in caries development in these patients?
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A 35-year-old man had an acute onset of the disease. He developed temperature of 39°C, rhinitis, cough, and lacrimation. swollen and Examination shows hyperemic nasopharyngeal mucosa with profuse mucus discharge. What type of inflammation developed in the nasopharynx?
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During a surgery, a patient with acute appendicitis developed a cardiac arrest. What signs are characteristic of clinical death?
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After a brain trauma, a person developed impaired perception of visual information. What cortical region was damaged ?
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Alkaline phosphatase is an important enzyme contained in saliva. It belongs to the following class of enzymes:
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Increased aortic blood pressure created an overload of the cardiac muscle. In what cardiac structure does the muscle wall respond to the irritation in this case?
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Because of chondrodysplasia (cartilage male development), fibrocartilage was damaged. Where can pathologic changes be observed in this case?
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