HomeKROK Question Archive
KROK Question Archive
KROK 1 Medicine 2021 Questions | KROKEXAM
Browse 2021 KROK 1 Medicine exam questions with answers and explanations.
Exam questions
450 Questions401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440
A histological microslide shows an organ with mucosal lamina propria that contains simple tubular glands, consisting mostly of chief and parictal cells, as well as of mucous neck cells. What type of gland is it?
View question and answer
For the last three years a 45-year-old man had been suffering from dry cough, progressing dyspnea, pulmonary failure, and rapid weight loss. Autopsy of his body shows cor pulmonale. The lungs are markedly fibrotis, with cavities that resemble a honeycomb pattern. Histology revealed interstitial fibrosis and marked lymphohistiocytic stromal infiltration with neutrophilic admixture. Make the diagnosis:
View question and answer
Intracellular examination of biopotentials in an isolated tissue culture shows that the action potentials that develop in the cells can be charactered by a plateau for upto 300 milliseconds in the repolarization phase. What tissue is being studied?
View question and answer
14 days after the recovery from tonsillitis a 15-year-old teenager developed face edema in the morning high blood pressure and urine resembling meat slops. Immunohistochemistry of renal biopsy materal revealed immune complex deposits on the capillary basement membrane and in the glomerular mesangium. What disease is it ?
View question and answer
Because of a long-term starving a person's glomerular filtration rate increased by 20%. What is the most likely cause of the change in filtration rate in this case?
View question and answer
Karyotype of a 5-year-old boy has 46 chromosomes. One of the chromosomes in pair 15 is longer than it is normal, because a part of a chromosome that belongs in pair 21 is attached to it. What type of mutation is present in this boy
View question and answer
Due to a traumatic brain injury, a woman presents with functionally disturbed pineal gland. What functions will be disturbed in this woman?
View question and answer
On the second year of his life a boy started developing frequent respiratory disease and ulcerative skin lesions. It was determined the immunoglobulins of all classes are practically absent in the child's blood. The described syndrome is based on decreased functional activity of a certain cell population. Name this cell population
View question and answer
A 55-year-old man with a many year history of mitral insufficiency developed acute heart failure. What pathophysiological type of heart failure Can be observed in this case?
View question and answer
Urinalysis of a patient with acute cystitis shows leukocytes and a largenumber of Gram-ncgative bacilli Inoculation has "resulted in the growth of mucous colonies that produce a green Soluble pigment. What microorganism 1s the most likely cause of the patient's disorder?
View question and answer
A new born presents with weak suckling, frequent vomiting, hypotonia. Blood and urine citrulline are very high. What metabolic process disturbed in this ?
View question and answer
To relax the skeletal muscles for repositioning of bone shards after a lemonal fracture, the patient was given muscle relaxant, which resulted in a respiratory arrest Alter the patient was transfused with fresh att No his breathing restored. What muscle relaxant was he administered
View question and answer
During a surgery on the thyroid gland due to Basedow discase (toxic diffuse goiter), the patient's parathyroid glands were mistakenly removed. The patient developed seizures and tetany. Metabolism of which bioelement was disturbed?
View question and answer
Hypovitaminosis C causes decreased formation of organic matrix and disturbs the collagen synthesis, because this vitamin takes part in the processes of:
View question and answer
The medicines that inhibit blood clotting (anticoagulants) are used for prevention and treatment of thrombosis. What anticoagulant can be neutralized by protamine sulfate as its antagonist, in case or overdosage
View question and answer
Examination of a person standing upright shows that oxygen partial pressure in the apical alveoli of the lungs is 140 mm Hg, because in these lung segments:
View question and answer
Mucosa and sputum of a patient, who for a long time was taking immunosuppressants, contain large Gram-positive ovak budding cells that are arranged chaotically and elongated cells, arranged in chains. What causative agent was detected ?
View question and answer
A sample of pus discharged from the patient's urethra was inoculated onto a special nutrient medium which resulted in growth of pale blue colonies. Microscopy of these preparations detected gram negative bean shaped diplococci. It is the causative agent
View question and answer
Electronic microscopy of the pancreatic cells shows the structures that seperate the cell into a large number of sections, canals, and cisterns and are connected to plasmalemma. Name these organelles:
View question and answer
Hemoglobin o n aiful perma (HbAl) is tetramerie protein, consisting of two alpha- and two beta-peptide chains Such protein structure is called
View question and answer
A person has increased pulmonary ventilation due to physical exertion. What indicator of external respiration will be significantly increased compared to the resting state?
View question and answer
After sensitization a test animal received subcutaneously a dose of antigen. At the site of injection a fibrinous inflammation developed with alteration of vessel walls, basal substance, and fibrous structures of connective tissue. The inflammation took form of mucoid and fibrinoid degeneration, fibrinoid necrosis. What immune response occurred in the test animal?
View question and answer
The blood group of 30-year-old man was determined before a surgery. His Blood is Rh Positive. The standard sera for groups 0 alpha-beta(I), A beta (I) and B alpha (III) caused no erythrocyte agglutination. Therefore, his blood group is
View question and answer
A patient has gradually developed a skin plaque on his face. In the center of this plaque there are necrotic patch and ulcer. Histopathological analysis of the biopsy material reveals proliferation of atypical epithelial cells with a large number of pathologic mitoses. What is the most likely diagnosis?
View question and answer
A 38-year-old woman developed a bronchial asthma attack. Which of the listed bronchial spasmolytics is effective for emergency aid and belongs to beta-2-adrenergic agonists?
View question and answer
A patient underwent trepanation and curettage of the air cells in a certain process of the temporal bone, because of an inflammation that spread there from the middle ear. What process of the temporal bone undcrwent the surgery?
View question and answer
A patient with chronic cardiovascular failure was taking digoxin. After the patient was prescribed an additional therapy, he developed signs of cardiacglycoside intoxication. What drug can accelerate the process of cardiac glycoside intoxication?
View question and answer
For relief of pain syndrome, a patient with myocardial infarction was prescribed an analgesic. The patient's condition improved, but with time the patient developed euphoria and miosis. The doctor noted respiratory depression. What medicine was prescribed in this case ?
View question and answer
A patient with bronchial asthma developed acute respiratory insufficiency. What type of respiratory insufficiency develops in such cases?
View question and answer
In response to muscle stretching, its reflex contraction occurs. This reflex reaction begins with stimulation of the following receptors:
View question and answer
Decarboxylase activity leads to formation of biogenic amines. What biogenic amine triggers the multistage mechanism that regulates the HCL secretion in the stomach?
View question and answer
A 40-year-old man complains of general weakness headache, wet cough, and shortness of breath. After clinical crimination he was diagnosed with pneumonia. What type of hypoxia is observed in the patient
View question and answer
During an appointment with a doctor a patient says that at his own discretion he takes an antiallergic medicine that significantly diminishes the signs of allergy,but causes sleepiness instead. What H1 receptor blocker does the patient take?
View question and answer
Ammonia is extremely toxic for human CNS. What is the main way of ammonia neutralization in the nervous tissue?
View question and answer
In the hematology unit a patient with lcukemia was prescribed 5Fluorouracil. This drug:
View question and answer
Knee-jerk reflex is absent in a person Where is the spinal cord damaged in this Case?
View question and answer
A patient has been suffering from bronchial asthma for 15 years. What changes in the patient's leukogram can be expected in this case ?
View question and answer
A patient was referred for duodenal endoscopy. It detected an Inflammation of the major duodenal papilla and disturbed bile sccrelion in the intestinal lumen. In what part of the duodenum were these disturbances detected?
View question and answer
A 38-year-old man with schizophrenia wss treated with psychoactive drugs for a long time . He complains of uncoordinated movements, hand tremor, and sleepiness. What group of drugs can have such an effect ?
View question and answer
A 50-year-old woman has a neoplasm 2.5cm in diameter, in her ovary. on section has a cavity with pale yellow transparent liquid. The inner wall of the cavity are smooth. Macroscopically, the neoplasm can be classified as;
View question and answer